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Stability and interaction of biochar and iron mineral nanoparticles:effect of pH,ionic strength,and dissolved organic matter

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Biochar 2022年第1期4卷 404-418页

作者： Yong Liu Jie Ma Jiaoli Gao Xingyi Chen Xiaoxue Ouyang Liping Weng Haiming Li Yali Chen Yongtao Li Key laboratory for Environmental Factors Control of Agro-Product quality Safety Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsTianjin 300191China Agro-Environmental Protection Institute Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsTianjin 300191China Institute of Resources and Environmental Engineering Shanxi UniversityTaiyuan 030006ShanxiChina Department of Soil quality Wageningen UniversityWageningenThe Netherlands College of Marine and Environmental Science Tianjin University of Science and TechnologyTianjin 300457China College of Resource and Environmental Engineering Jiangxi University of Science and TechnologyGanzhou 341000JiangxiChina College of Natural Resources and Environment South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China

Biochar nanoparticles(BCNPs)and iron mineral nanoparticles(IMNPs),such as ferrihydrite nanoparticles(FHNPs),magnetite nanoparticles(MTNPs),and goethite nanoparticles(GTNPs),are often combined and used in soil ***,the stability and interaction of nanoparticles under various environmental conditions have not been investigated *** this study,settling experiments,a semi-empirical model,the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek(DLVO)theory,scanning electron microscopy(SEM)observations,and quantum chemical calculations were used to study the interaction and heteroaggregation of BCNPs and *** of BCNPs-FHNPs and BCNPs-GTNPs was stable at neutral and alkaline pH(relative concentration of unsettled nanoparticles C_(res’)=0.679-0.824),whereas fast settling of BCNPs-IMNPs was observed at acidic pH(C_(res’)=0.104-0.628).By contrast,BCNPs-MTNPs consistently showed moderate settling regardless of the mass of magnetite at all pH(C_(res’)=0.423-0.673).Both humic acid(HA,10 mg L^(−1))and ionic strength(IS,10 and 100 mM)facilitated the settling of BCNPs-FHNPs and BCNPs-MTNPs systems,whereas the settling of BCNPs-GTNPs was sensitive only to *** acid(10 mg L^(−1))had a general stabi-lizing effect on the BCNPs-IMNPs *** results of SEM and quantum chemical calculations suggested that the interaction between BCNPs and FHNPs(-2755.58 kJ mol^(−1))was stronger than that between BCNPs and GTNPs(−1706.23 kJ mol^(−1))or MTNPs(−1676.73 kJ mol^(−1)).The enhancement of heteroaggregation between BCNPs and IMNPs under unfavorable conditions(acidic pH,HA,and IS)was regulated by the strength of the ***,the enhancement of heteroaggregation of BCNPs-FHNPs was greater than that of *** the BCNPs-GTNPs system,the high concentration and elongated structure of GTNPs may contribute greatly to heteroag-gregation and settling with small *** results highlight the influence of pH,IS,and HA on the interaction between BCNPs and I

关键词： Biochar Iron mineral nanoparticles Stability DLVO Quantum chemistry

Perovskite thin-film solar cell: excitation in photovoltaic science

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维普期刊数据库

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Science China Chemistry 2015年第2期58卷 221-238页

作者： Junyan Xiao Jiangjian Shi Dongmei Li Qingbo Meng Key laboratory for Renewable Energy Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Key laboratory for New Energy Materials and Devices Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences

As a new member of thin-film solar cells, the perovskite solar ceils have inspired a new research hot in new photoelectric materials and devices, and have given a new energy to the photovoltaic science. Currently, various device structures, including mesoporous and planar, with and without hole transport material have been developed. In this review, much focus has been addressed to the deposition of high-quality perovskite films, structural optimization, and interface engineering as well as the understanding of the charge generation, transport, and recombination mechanisms of the devices. Furthermore, cost, stability, and environment issues of the cell are also discussed for commercial application.

关键词： perovskite solar cell photovoltaic device structure material interface

Structural and magnetic properties of ZnFe_2O_4 films deposited by low sputtering power

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International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials 2012年第10期19卷 964-968页

作者： Jin-long Li Zhong Yu Ke Sun Xiao-na Jiang Zhong-wen Lan State Key laboratory of Electronic Thin Films and Integrated Devices University of Electronic Science and Technology of China Chengdu 610054 China No. 24 research Institute of China Electronics Technology Group Corporation Chongqing 400060 China

To validate the correctness of the Hartman-Perdok Theory （HPT）, which indicates that the { 111 } planes have the lowest surface energy in spinel ferrites, the {111} plane orientated ZnFe204 thin films on Si（100）, Si（111）, and SIO2（500 nm）/Si（111） substrates were obtained through a radio frequency （RF） magnetron sputtering method with a low sputtering power of 80 W. All of the experiments prove that the atom energy determined by sputtering power plays an important role in the orientated growth of the ZnFe204 thin films, and it matches well with HPT. The ZnFe2O4 thin films exhibit ferromagnetism with a magnetization of 84.25 ld/mol at room temperature, which is different from the bulk counterpart （antiferromagnetic as usual）. The ZnFe204 thin films can be used as high-quality oriented inducing buffer layers for other spinel （Ni, Mn）Zn ferrite thin films and may have high potential in magnetic thin films-based devices.

关键词： thin films magnetron sputtering crystal orientation film growth surface energy ferromagnetism

Examining spatio-temporal variations in carbon budget and carbon compensation zoning in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration based on major functional zones

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Journal of Geographical Sciences 2022年第10期32卷 1911-1934页

作者： XIA Siyou YANG Yu Key laboratory of Regional Sustainable Development Modeling Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchCASBeijing 100101China College of Resources and Environment University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China Institute of Strategy research of Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Guangzhou 510070China

research on the carbon budget and zoning for carbon compensation in major functional zones(MFZs)is important for formulating strategies for low-carbon development for each functional zone,promoting the collaborative governance of the regional ecological environment,and achieving high-quality *** work can also contribute to achieving peak emissions and carbon *** paper constructs a theoretical framework for the carbon budget and carbon compensation from the perspective of the MFZ,uses 157 county-level units of the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration(BTHUA)as the study area,and introduces the concentration index,normalized revealed comparative advantage index,and Self Organizing Mapping-K-means(SOM-K-means)model to examine spatio-temporal variations in the carbon budget and carbon compensation zoning for the BTHUA from the perspective of *** authors propose a scheme for the spatial minimization of carbon emissions as oriented by low-carbon *** results show that:(1)From 2000 to 2017,the carbon budget exhibited an upward trend of volatility,its centralization index was higher than the“warning line”of 0.4,and large regional differences in it were noted on the whole.(2)There were significant regional differences in the carbon budget,and carbon emissions exhibited a core-periphery spatial pattern,with a high-value center at Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan that gradually decreased as it moved ***,the spatial pattern of carbon absorption tended to be stable,showing an inverted“U-shaped”*** was high in the east,north,and west,and was low in the middle and the south.(3)The carbon budget was consistent with the strategic positioning of the MFZ,and the optimized development zone and key development zone were the main pressure-bearing areas for carbon emissions,while the key ecological functional zone was the dominant zone of carbon *** difference in the centralization index of carbon absorption among the func

关键词： major functional zones(MFZ) carbon budget carbon compensation zoning spatial optimization Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei urban agglomeration(BTHUA)

Structural and functional variations of phytoplankton communities in the face of multiple disturbances

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2021年第2期33卷 287-297页

作者： Jun R.Yang Xiaoqing Yu Huihuang Chen Yi-Ming Kuo Jun Yang Engineering research Center of Ecology and Agricultural Use of wetland(Ministry of Education)College of Agriculture Yangtze UniversityJingzhou 434025China Aquatic Ecohealth Group Fujian Key Laboratory of Watershed EcologyKey Laboratory of Urban Environment and HealthInstitute of Urban EnvironmentChinese Academy of SciencesXiamen 361021China School of Environmental Studies China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China

The global decline of freshwater biodiversity caused by climate change and human activities are supposed to disrupt ecosystem services related to water quality and alter the structure and function of aquatic communities across space and time,yet the effects of the combination of these factors on plankton community ecosystem has received relatively little *** study aimed to explore the impacts of disturbances(*** activity,temperature,precipitation,and water level)on phytoplankton community structure(*** evenness and community composition)and function(*** use efficiency)in four subtropical reservoirs over 7 years from 2010 to *** results showed that community turnover(measured as community dissimilarity)was positively related to disturbance frequency,but no significant correlation was found between phytoplankton biodiversity(***)and disturbance *** resource use efficiency(RUE=phytoplankton biomass/total phosphorus)was increased with a higher frequency of disturbance with an exception of *** RUE of Cyanobacteria and diatoms showed significantly negative correlations with their community evenness,while the RUE of Chlorophyta exhibited a positive correlation with their community *** suggest that multiple environmental disturbances may play crucial roles in shaping the structure and functioning of plankton communities in subtropical reservoirs,and mechanism of this process can provide key information for freshwater uses,management and conservation.

关键词： Algae Biodiversity Community ecology Plankton Resource use efficiency Subtropical reservoir

Influence of Crop Nutrition on Grain Yield,Seed quality and water Productivity under Two Rice Cultivation Systems

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Rice science 2013年第2期20卷 129-138页

作者： Y.V.SINGH K.K.SINGH S.K.SHARMA Centre for Conservation and Utilization of Blue Green Algae Indian Agricultural Research Institute Seed Production Unit Indian Agricultural Research Institute

The system of rice intensification （SRI） is reported to have advantages like lower seed requirement,less pest attack,shorter crop duration,higher water use efficiency and the ability to withstand higher degree of moisture stress than traditional method of rice *** this background,SRI was compared with traditional transplanting technique at Indian Agricultural research Institute,New Delhi,India during two wet seasons （2009-2011）.In the experiment laid out in a factorial randomized block design,two methods of rice cultivation [conventional transplanting （CT） and SRI] and two rice varieties （Pusa Basmati 1 and Pusa 44） were used under seven crop nutrition treatments,viz.T 1,120 kg/hm2 N,26.2 kg/hm2 P and 33 kg/hm2 K;T 2,20 t/hm2 farmyard manure （FYM）;T 3,10 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N;T 4,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 90 kg/hm2 N;T 5,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N＋ 1.5 kg/hm2 blue green algae （BGA）;T 6,5 t/hm2 FYM＋ 60 kg/hm2 N＋ 1.0 t/hm2 Azolla,and T 7,N 0 P 0 K 0 （control,no NPK application） to study the effect on seed quality,yield and water *** SRI,soil was kept at saturated moisture condition throughout vegetative phase and thin layer of water （2-3 cm） was maintained during the reproductive phase of rice,however,in CT,standing water was maintained in crop growing *** revealed that CT and SRI gave statistically at par grain yield but straw yield was significantly higher in CT as compared to *** quality was superior in SRI as compared to *** nutrient management （INM） resulted in higher plant height with longer leaves than chemical fertilizer alone in both the rice *** yield attributes such as number of effective tillers per hill,panicle length and panicle weight of rice in both the varieties were significantly higher in INM as compared to chemical fertilizer *** yields of both the varieties were the highest in INM followed by the recommended doses of chemical *** grain yield and its attributes of Pusa 44 were significantly

关键词： rice crop nutrition grain yield seed quality system of rice intensification water productivity

Phosphorus speciation and colloidal phosphorus responses to short-term cessation of fertilization in a lime concretion black soil

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Pedosphere 2023年第6期33卷 948-959页

作者： Shanshan BAI Jinfang TAN Zeyuan ZHANG Mi WEI Huimin ZHANG Xiaoqian JIANG School of Agriculture Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University Shenzhen 518107China Modern Agricultural Innovation Center Henan Institute of Sun Yat-sen UniversityZhumadian 463400China Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory for Improving Quality of Arable LandBeijing 100081China

Long-term excessive application of mineral fertilizer has led to soil acidification and phosphorus(P) accumulation, increasing the risk of P loss and environmental pollution, and cessation of fertilization is widely considered as a cost-effective management strategy to relieve this situation;however, how such cessation influences P speciation and concentrations in a bulk soil and colloidal fractions and whether decreasing P concentration might maintain soil fertility remain unclear. In this study, the effects of long-term fertilization(ca. 40 years) and short-term cessation of fertilization(ca. 16 months) on inorganic, organic,and colloidal P in lime concretion black soil were investigated using P sequential fractionation and31P nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. After long-term fertilization, available P, dicalcium phosphate, iron-bound P, orthophosphate monoesters, and orthophosphate diesters increased significantly, but soil p H decreased by ca. 2.8 units, indicating that long-term fertilization caused soil acidification and P accumulation and changed P speciation markedly. In contrast, short-term fertilization cessation increased soil p H by ca. 0.8 units and slightly reduced available and inorganic P. Available P after fertilization cessation was 22.9–29.8 mg kg-1, which was still sufficient to satisfy crop growth requirements. Additionally, fertilization cessation increased the proportions of fine colloids(100–450 nm, including nontronite and some amorphous iron oxides) and drove a significant release of iron/aluminum oxide nanoparticles(1–100 nm) and associated P with orthophosphate and pyrophosphate species. In summary, short-term fertilization cessation effectively alleviated soil acidification and inorganic P accumulation, while concomitantly maintaining soil P fertility and improving the potential mobilization of P associated with microparticles.

关键词： Fe/Al oxide nanoparticles fine colloids P accumulation 31pP nuclear magnetic resonance P sequential fractionation soil acidification

Using hydrochemical and isotopic data to determine sources of recharge and groundwater evolution in an arid region:a case study in the upper-middle reaches of the Shule River basin,northwestern China

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Using hydrochemical and isotopic data to determine sources o...

Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance quality,and Yield in Aromatic Rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所2015年度（第15届）学术年会

作者： Liheng Wang Guomin Li Yanhui Dong Dongmei Han Jiangyi Zhang Key laboratory of Engineering Geomechanics Institute of Geology and GeophysicsChinese Academy of Sciences Key laboratory of water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of Sciences

Understanding sources of recharge and mechanisms for hydrogeochemical evolution of groundwater in the Shule River basin,an arid inland river basin in northwestern China,is essential for successful water resource *** of water and associated groundwater recharge processes were investigated using hydrogeological,hydrogeochemical,and isotopic *** study area was divided into three parts:Changma,the Shule valley,and the Beishan *** hydrogeochemical and isotopic analysis results show that groundwater in Changma mainly originated from precipitation in the Qilian *** flow from Changma is the primary recharge mechanism,while direct recharge by infiltration of precipitation can be neglected in the Shule *** within the aquifer material(e.g.,halite,calcite,dolomite,and gypsum)dissolve into water that recharges the groundwater ***,strong linear relationships were found between Naand Cland between Ca+Mgand SO+HCO,with stoichiometry ratios of approximately 1:1 in both *** quality in the region is generally good,with low salinity and *** precipitation is the only source of recharge for groundwater in the Beishan *** groundwater velocity and dry climatic conditions suggestthat dissolution of minerals from the aquifer material controls hydrogeochemical *** rarely travels from the Beishan area to the Shule valley;therefore,almost all the groundwater in the Shule valley originates from *** climate change and loss of glaciers in the Qilian Mountains may lead to a reduction of recharge;therefore,the groundwater resources of the Shule valley must be managed to sustain water supply.

关键词： Hydrogeochemistry Stable isotopes Groundwater recharge Arid region Northwestern China

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Rice science 2024年第3期31卷 328-342,I0046-I0054页

作者： HONG Weiyuan DUAN Meiyang WANG Yifei CHEN Yongjian MO Zhaowen QI Jianying PAN Shenggang TANG Xiangru State Key laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural Bioresources South China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South China Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic Rice Guangzhou 510642China

Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic *** experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer *** the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and *** results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and *** with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,*** in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also ***,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the ***,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain *** linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between *** correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and ***,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method t

关键词： 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline appearance quality aromatic rice foliar application grain yield iodine