Enriching Iodine and Regulating Grain Aroma,Appearance Quality,and Yield in Aromatic Rice by Foliar Application of Sodium Iodide

作     者：HONG Weiyuan DUAN Meiyang WANG Yifei CHEN Yongjian MO Zhaowen QI Jianying PAN Shenggang TANG Xiangru HONG Weiyuan;DUAN Meiyang;WANG Yifei;CHEN Yongjian;MO Zhaowen;QI Jianying;PAN Shenggang;TANG Xiangru

作者机构：State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agricultural BioresourcesSouth China Agricultural UniversityGuangzhou 510642China Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of Crop Cultivation in South ChinaMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairGuangzhou 510642China Guangzhou Key Laboratory for Science and Technology of Aromatic RiceGuangzhou 510642China 

出 版 物：《Rice science》 (水稻科学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2024年第31卷第3期

页      面：328-342,I0046-I0054页

核心收录：

学科分类：09[农学] 0901[农学-作物学] 

基　　金：supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31971843) the Technology System of Modern Agricultural Industry in Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2020KJ105) the Guangzhou Science and Technology Project,Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.202103000075) the Special Rural Revitalization Funds of Guangdong Province,China(Grant No.2021KJ382)。 

主　　题：2-acetyl-1-pyrroline appearance quality aromatic rice foliar application grain yield iodine 

摘      要：Applying iodine fertilizers to cultivate iodine-rich crops for daily intake is an effective approach for iodine supplementation,especially for aromatic rice.Field experiments were conducted during the early growing seasons of 2021 and 2022 to evaluate the impacts of foliar application of iodine fertilizer on aromatic rice and to explore the optimal iodine fertilizer concentration.At the full heading stage,six different concentrations of sodium iodide solutions of 0%(CK),0.010%(T1),0.025%(T2),0.050%(T3),0.075%(T4),and 0.100%(T5)were applied to indica aromatic rice cultivars Meixiangzhan 2 and Xiangyaxiangzhan.The results showed that sodium iodide treatments significantly increased the iodine and sodium contents in both leaves and grains.Compared with the CK,the T1 and T2 treatments increased the 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline(2-AP)content in mature grains by 8.41%-101.66%and 13.58%-74.60%,respectively.Improvements in the contents of 1-pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid,proline,1-pyrroline,and methylglyoxal,as well as the activity of proline dehydrogenase were also detected.Additionally,sodium iodide treatments remarkably decreased the chalky grain rate,chalkiness area,and chalkiness degree of aromatic rice,with the T2 treatment exhibiting a 17.79%-47.42%decrease in chalkiness degree compared with the CK.Meanwhile,T1 and T2 treatments showed beneficial impacts on chlorophyll content,photosynthetic characteristics,and yield components,while T3,T4,and T5 treatments exhibited adverse effects on leaf and grain yields.The linear discriminant analysis revealed significant differences between treatments.The correlation analysis and piecewise structural equation modeling showed that the iodine and sodium influenced the photosynthetic characteristics and chlorophyll content of the leaves,thereby regulating the 2-AP biosynthesis and yield components,ultimately affecting the 2-AP content and yield.Overall,this study suggests that foliar application of 0.025%sodium iodide is an effective method to enrich the iodine content in rice grains,improve the grain aroma and appearance quality of aromatic rice,without detrimental effects on grain yield.