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China CDC weekly 2024年第6期6卷 105-108页

作者： Wenbo Hu Yijin Chen Ying Liang Tianyun Su Qiyong Liu Xuewen Li Xiaobo Liu School of Public Health Cheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for infectious diseases WHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and ManagementDepartment of Vector Biology and ControlNational Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina EcoZone International Riverside CityCAUSA Department of Environment and Health School of Public HealthCheeloo College of MedicineShandong UniversityJinan CityShandong ProvinceChina Department of Vector control School of Public HealthShandong UniversityJi’nan CityShandong ProvinceChina Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Vector-borne infectious diseases Urumqi CityXinjiang830002

Summary What is already known about this topic?Anopheles sinensis(An.sinensis)is the predominant malaria vector in China.The impact of S-methoprene on the emergence process of mosquito larvae suggests its potential as a control method for vector mosquitoes.However,the efficacy of S-methoprene in controlling An.sinensis has not yet been demonstrated.What is added by this report?

关键词： sinensis China. predominant

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第1期13卷 1-11页

作者： Liu Qin Duan Lei Guo Yun-Hai Yang Li-Min Zhang Yi Li Shi-Zhu Lv Shan Hu Wei Chen Nan-Sheng Zhou Xiao-Nong CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of Oceanology 13. Chinese Academy of Sciences 14. Qingdao 15. Shandong 266071 National Institute of Parasitic diseases at Chinese Center for disease control and Prevention (Chinese Center for Tropical diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology who collaborating centre for Tropical diseases 4. National Center for International Research on Tropical diseases 5. National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for infectious diseases 6. Shanghai 200025 7. People’s Republic of China School of Life Science Fudan University 10. Shanghai 200438

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China, the Philippines and Indonesia.Oncomelania hupensis (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) is the unique intermediate host ofS. japonicum. A complete genome sequence ofO. hupensis will enable the fundamental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with theS. japonicum parasite. Assembling a high-quality reference genome ofO. hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread ofS. japonicum.Methods The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology (PacBio Sequel II) and corrected with Illumina sequencing data. Then, using Hi-C sequencing data, the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level. CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding sequences.Results A total length of 1.46 Gb high-qualityO. hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes (2n = 34) of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb. Additionally, 95.03% of these contig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes. After scanning the assembled genome, a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted. Among them, 86.67% were functionally annotated. Further phylogenetic analysis revealed thatO. hupensis was separated from a common ancestor ofPomacea canaliculata andBellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago. Comparing the genome ofO. hupensis with its most recent common ancestor, it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families (P < 0.05). Functional enrichment of the expanded gene families indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular, DNA-mediated transposition, DNA integration and transposase activity.Conclusions Integrated use of multiple sequencing technologies, we have successfully constructed the geno

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome

The First Detection of Echinococcus Granulosus DNA in Residents’Hands,Dogs’Hair,and Soil in Highly Endemic Region of Echinococcosis-Naqu City,Xizang Autonomous Region,China,2020

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China CDC weekly 2022年第44期4卷 982-985页

作者： Baixue Liu Chuizhao Xue Xu Wang Wenting Wu Shuai Han Weiping Wu National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghaiChina Institute for infectious disease and Endemic disease control Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and ControlBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?Echinococcosis is a serious zoonotic parasitic disease that predominantly infects humans;domestic animals like cattle or sheep;as well as wild animals such as small rodents.To date,there is a lack of comprehensive information about all potential environmental transmission routes for Echinococcus.What is added by this report?This study assesses the importance of under-researched environmental factors for the transmission of Echinococcus.It concludes that hand hygiene is an important factor in the robust environmental transmission of Echinococcus granulosus.What are the implications for public health practice?This study suggests that residents are at risk of catching echinococcosis through hand-oral transmission routes.Health education given to local residents is thus a key intervention,as well as avoiding close contact with dogs and ensuring proper hand-washing practices are followed.

关键词： residents Highly education

Aedes Surveillance and Risk Warnings for Dengue—China,2016−2019

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China CDC weekly 2020年第24期2卷 431-437页

作者： Xiaobo Liu Qiyong Liu State Key Laboratory of infectious disease Prevention and control Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesWHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and ManagementNational Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Aedes surveillance plays an important role in the risk warning and control of dengue in China.This study analyzed Aedes larval density and its indicated dengue risk in 23 provincial-level administrative divisions(PLADs)from 2016 to 2019 to provide scientific evidence for sustainable dengue management(SDM)in the future.Methods:The Breteau index(BI)and Mosq-ovitrap index(MOI)methods were utilized for Aedes larvae surveillance in 23 PLADs with 3 categories based on dengue risk stratification and Aedes distribution.BI and MOI were calculated and then dengue risk warning was carried out for the guidance of SDM in these PLADs based on the findings of Aedes surveillance.Results:The seasonal fluctuations of Aedes larval density were similar in six class I PLADs during 2016–2019,and the density of Aedes larvae was relatively high in the PLADs of Zhejiang,Hainan,and Fujian while it was relatively low in Yunnan and Guangdong.Except Shanghai and Jiangsu,the BI of all other class II PLADs had reached the dengue transmission threshold during the study period.In class III PLADs,the BI had reached dengue transmission threshold in most months in Shandong and Hebei during the study period.The MOI was higher than 5 from June to September in all the studied years in Guangdong and was higher in most studied years in Hunan.The MOI of Beijing in August reached dengue transmission or outbreak threshold from 2017 to 2019.Conclusions and Implications for Public Health Practice:Most class I and class II PLADs were at risk of dengue transmission during the surveillance months,2016–2019.Precise Aedes surveillance and risk warnings should be carried out in specific PLADs so as to provide scientific basis for SDM in the future.

关键词： Aedes utilized surveillance

Epidemic Surveillance of Influenza Infections:A Network-Free Strategy—Hong Kong Special Administrative Region,China,2008–2011

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China CDC weekly 2022年第46期4卷 1025-1031,I0002-I0005页

作者： Zhanwei Du Qi Tan Yuan Bai Lin Wang Benjamin J.Cowling Petter Holme WHO Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control School of Public HealthLi Ka Shing Faculty of MedicineThe University of Hong KongHong Kong SARChina Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health Limited(D24H) Hong Kong Science and Technology ParkHong Kong SARChina Department of Genetics University of CambridgeCambridgeUK Department of Computer Science Aalto UniversityEspooFinland

Introduction:The ease of coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)non-pharmacological interventions and the increased susceptibility during the past COVID-19 pandemic could be a precursor for the resurgence of influenza,potentially leading to a severe outbreak in the winter of 2022 and future seasons.The recent increased availability of data on Electronic Health Records(EHR)in public health systems,offers new opportunities to monitor individuals to mitigate outbreaks.Methods:We introduced a new methodology to rank individuals for surveillance in temporal networks,which was more practical than the static networks.By targeting previously infected nodes,this method used readily available EHR data instead of the contactnetwork structure.Results:We validated this method qualitatively in a real-world cohort study and evaluated our approach quantitatively by comparing it to other surveillance methods on three temporal and empirical networks.We found that,despite not explicitly exploiting the contacts’network structure,it remained the best or close to the best strategy.We related the performance of the method to the public health goals,the reproduction number of the disease,and the underlying temporal-network structure(e.g.,burstiness).Discussion:The proposed strategy of using historical records for sentinel surveillance selection can be taken as a practical and robust alternative without the knowledge of individual contact behaviors for public health policymakers.

关键词： network policy networks

Establishment of an indicator framework for global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index based on the grounded theory and fuzzy analytical hierarchy-entropy weight method

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 97-98页

作者： Jiaxin Feng Zhaoyu Guo Lin Ai Jingshu Liu Xiaoxi Zhang Chunli Cao Jing Xu Shang Xia Xiao‑Nong Zhou Jin Chen Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre 不详

Background:One Health has become a global consensus to deal with complex health problems.However,the pro‑gress of One Health implementation in many countries is still relatively slow,and there is a lack of systematic evalua‑tion index.The purpose of this study was to establish an indicator framework for global One Health Intrinsic Drivers index(GOH-IDI)to evaluate human,animal and environmental health development process globally.Method:First,82 studies were deeply analyzed by a grounded theory(GT)method,including open coding,axial coding,and selective coding,to establish a three-level indicator framework,which was composed of three selective codes,19 axial codes,and 79 open codes.Then,through semi-structured interviews with 28 health-related experts,the indicators were further integrated and simplifed according to the inclusion criteria of the indicators.Finally,the fuzzy analytical hierarchy process combined with the entropy weight method was used to assign weights to the indi‑cators,thus,forming the evaluation indicator framework of human,animal and environmental health development process.Results:An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was formed consisting of three selective codes,15 axial codes and 61 open codes.There were six axial codes for“Human Health”,of which“infectious diseases”had the highest weight(19.76%)and“Injuries and Violence”had the lowest weight(11.72%).There were four axial codes for“Animal Health”,of which“Animal Epidemic disease”had the highest weight(39.28%)and“Animal Nutritional Status”had the low‑est weight(11.59%).Five axial codes were set under“Environmental Health”,among which,“Air Quality and Climate Change”had the highest weight(22.63%)and“Hazardous Chemicals”had the lowest weight(17.82%).Conclusions:An indicator framework for GOH-IDI was established in this study.The framework were universal,balanced,and scientifc,which hopefully to be a tool for evaluation of the joint development of human,animal and environmental health in diferent regions globally.

关键词： Global One Health Intrinsic drivers index Indicator Grounded theory Fuzzy analytical hierarchy process Entropy weight method

Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram Kumar Mahato Uttam Ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal David T.S.Hayman Ajit Kumar Karna Basu Dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel epidemiology and disease control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal epidemiology and disease control Division-Malaria Program Management Unit- SCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal Leprosy control & Disability Management Section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh Leprosy Hospital & Service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and disease Studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA infectious disease Research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the disease.Pediatric cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case detection.This operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt treatment.Methods Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati provinces.Case detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of Nepal.Per case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were calculated.Results New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population screened.However,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,respectively.Developing leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly diferent among household contacts of MB cases(0.3

关键词： Leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

Malaria Elimination in China and Sustainability Concerns in the Post-elimination Stage

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China CDC weekly 2022年第44期4卷 990-994页

作者： Xinyu Feng Li Zhang Hong Tu Zhigui Xia National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesShanghai MunicipalityChina

The World Health Organization(who)certified China as officially malaria-free on June 30,2021.Looking back at the public health history in China,malaria elimination has been a product of complex social engineering.Here,we summarized our experience and lessons,and found that malaria control and elimination in China is mainly attributed to governmental leadership,consistent efforts,technological innovations,and adaptive approaches.We also raised that vigilance should focus on imported cases through strengthening surveillance and response systems in order to prevent any re-establishment of transmission after elimination.China should continue to maintain its laboratory,clinical and field epidemiology capabilities.Continuous policy and financial support,multi-sectoral cooperation,and innovative strategies and approaches will remain essential.By integrating these,a malaria-free status can become sustainable.

关键词： epidemiology elimination maintain

Sustainable Pest Management for Health and Well-Being

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China CDC weekly 2020年第24期2卷 438-442页

作者： Qiyong Liu State Key Laboratory of infectious disease Prevention and control Collaborative Innovation Center for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious DiseasesWHO Collaborating Centre for Vector Surveillance and ManagementNational Institute for Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Pests can not only cause nuisances and allergic reactions and transmit a range of diseases,but they can also pose serious threat to other aspects of life such as the environment,food,agriculture,crops,etc.Over time,th... 详细信息

关键词： diseases allergic crops

Establishment of an indicator framework for the transmission risk of the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis based on the Delphi-entropy weight method

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2022年第6期11卷 27-37页

作者： Zhuowei Luo Zhengbin Zhou Yuwan Hao Jiaxin Feng Yanfeng Gong Yuanyuan Li Yun Huang Yi Zhang Shizhu Li National Institute of Parasitic diseases Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention(Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research)NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research On Tropical DiseasesShanghai 200025China

Background: Visceral leishmaniasis (VL) is one of the most important neglected tropical diseases. Although VL was controlled in several regions of China during the last century, the mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis (MT-ZVL) has reemerged in the hilly areas of China in recent decades. The purpose of this study was to construct an indicator framework for assessing the risk of the MT-ZVL in China, and to provide guidance for preventing disease.Methods: Based on a literature review and expert interview, a 3-level indicator framework was initially established in November 2021, and 28 experts were selected to perform two rounds of consultation using the Delphi method. The comprehensive weight of the tertiary indicators was determined by the Delphi and the entropy weight methods.Results: Two rounds of Delphi consultation were conducted. Four primary indicators, 11 secondary indicators, and 35 tertiary indicators were identified. The Delphi-entropy weight method was performed to calculate the comprehensive weight of the tertiary indicators. The normalized weights of the primary indicators were 0.268, 0.261, 0.242, and 0.229, respectively, for biological factors, interventions, environmental factors, and social factors. The normalized weights of the top four secondary indicators were 0.122, 0.120, 0.098, and 0.096, respectively, for climatic features, geographical features, sandflies, and dogs. Among the tertiary indicators, the top four normalized comprehensive weights were the population density of sandflies (0.076), topography (0.057), the population density of dogs, including tethering (0.056), and use of bed nets or other protective measures (0.056).Conclusions: An indicator framework of transmission risk assessment for MT-ZVL was established using the Delphientropy weight method. The framework provides a practical tool to evaluate transmission risk in endemic areas.

关键词： Mountain-type zoonotic visceral leishmaniasis Transmission risk Indicator framework Delphi Entropy weight China