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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第7期20卷 2005-2007页

作者： Bryan Sun Lulin Li Jian Luo palo alto Veterans Institute for Research VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA Polytrauma system of care VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA

The cyclic GMP-AMP synthase(cGAS)-stimulator of interferon genes(STING)signaling pathway has emerged as a key mediator of *** current studies primarily attribute its effects to neurons and glial cells,emerging research suggests that cGAS-STING signaling may play a critical role in cerebral vasculature,particularly in brain endothelial ***,studying the role 7of inflammation caused by the cGAS-STING pathway in brain endothelial cells could provide a more comprehensive understanding of neuroinflammatory disease and new avenues for therapeutic ***,we review the multifaceted role of global cGAS-STING signaling in various neurological and neuroinflammatory diseases and the potential contribution of cGAS-STING in brain endothelial cells.

关键词： stimulator interferon inflammation

Augmentation of transforming growth factor-βsignaling for the treatment of neurological disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第8期18卷 1711-1712页

作者： Jian Luo palo alto Veterans Institute for Research VA Palo Alto Health Care SystemPalo AltoCAUSA

Members of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily perform a wide range of essential functions during development and in adulthood,as well as in response to injury and inflammation(Luo,2022).In the adult central nervous system,TGF-βs and their receptors are widely expressed in all of the major neuronal,glial,and vascular cell *** of the TGF-βsuperfamily are pivotal responders to pathological insults to the *** of TGF-βsignaling contributes to pathogenesis of neurological *** of TGF-βsignaling pathway alters pathological and functional outcomes in models of neurological diseases(Luo,2022).Therefore,the TGF-βsignaling pathway has emerged as a potential therapeutic target against neurological diseases.

关键词： neurological disorders inflammation

Small caliber overtube-assisted colonoscopy

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2007年第44期13卷 5933-5937页

作者： Shai Friedland Roy M Soetikno Stanford University School of Medicine and va palo alto health care system United States

AIM: To combine the benefits of a new thin flexible scope with elimination of excessive looping through the use of an overtube. METHODS: Three separate retrospective series. Series 1: 25 consecutive male patients undergoing unsedated colonoscopy using the new device at a Veteran's hospital in the United States. Series 2: 75 male patients undergoing routine colonoscopy using an adult colonoscope, pediatric colonoscope, or the new device. Series 3: 35 patients who had incomplete colonoscopies using standard instruments. RESULTS: Complete colonoscopy was achieved in all 25 patients in the unsedated series with a median cecal intubation time of 6 min and a median maximal pain score of 3 on a 0-10 scale. In the 75 routine cases, there was significantly less pain with the thin scope compared to standard adult and pediatric colonoscopes. Of the 35 patients in the previously incomplete colonoscopy series, 33 were completed with the new system. CONCLUSION: Small caliber overtube-assisted colonoscopy is less painful than colonoscopy with standard adult and pediatric colonoscopes. Male patients could undergo unsedated colonoscopy with the new system with relatively little pain. The new device is also useful for most patients in whom colonoscopy cannot be completed with standard instruments.

关键词： Colonoscopy Endoscopy Colon Cancer Colon cancer screening

Lymphatic vessels,miRNAs,and CAR T cells in tumor immunology

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2020年第1期21卷 1-2页

作者： Xinguo JIANG va palo alto health care system Stanford University School of Medicine

This special feature contains three review articles that summarize recent advances pertaining to tumor *** of antitumor immunity through checkpoint inhibitors has achieved significant clinical success and benefited many cancer ***,not all cancer patients respond to these treatments,and among the responders,some may develop resistance and others may suffer autoimmunity that requires intervention.

关键词： immunity cancer patients

Regulatory mechanisms for abnormal expression of the human breast cancer specific gene 1 in breast cancer cells

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2006年第4期49卷 403-408页

作者： LU Aiping1, LI Qing1, LIU Jingwen2 1. Department of Pathology, Peking University School of Oncology, Beijing Cancer Hospital, Beijing 100036, China 2. va palo alto health care system, palo alto, California, CA 94304, USA Department of Pathology Peking University School of Oncology Beijing Cancer Hospital Beijing China va palo alto health care system Palo Alto USA

Breast cancer-specific gene 1 (BCSG1), also referred as synuclein γ, was originally iso-lated from a human breast cancer cDNA library and the protein is mainly localized to presynaptic terminals in the nervous system. BCSG1 is not expressed in normal or benign breast lesions, but expressed at an extremely high level in the vast majority of the advanced staged breast carcinomas and ovarian carcinomas. Overexpression of BCSG1 in cancer cells led to significant increase in cell proliferation, motility and invasiveness, and metastasis. To elucidate the molecular mechanism and regulation for abnormal transcription of BCSG1, a variety of BCSG1 promoter luciferase reporters were constructed including 3′ end deleted sequences, Sp1 deleted, and activator protein-1 (AP1) domains mutated. Transient transfection assay was used to detect the transcriptional activation of BCSG1 promoters. Results showed that the Sp1 sequence in 5′-flanking region was involved in the basal transcriptional activities of BCSG1 without cell-type specificity. In comparison to pGL3-1249, the reporter activities of pGL3-1553 in BCSG1-negative MCF-7 cells and pGL3-1759 in HepG2 cells were notably decreased. Mutations at AP1 sites in BCSG1 intron 1 significantly reduced the promoter ac-tivity in all cell lines. Transcription factors, c-jun, c-fos and cyclin AMP-responsive element binding (CREB) protein, could markedly enhance the promoter activities. Thus, our results suggest that the abnormal expression of BCSG1 in breast cancer cells is likely regulated by multiple mechanisms. The 5′ flanking region of BCSG1 provides the basal transcriptional activity without cell type specificity. A critical promoter element involved in abnormal expression of BCSG1 presents in the first exon. The cell type specificity of BCSG1 transcription is probably affected through intronic cis-regulatory se-quences. AP1 domains in the first intron play an important role in control of BCSG1 transcription.

关键词： breast cancer-specific gene 1, promoter, transcriptional activity.

Endoscopic appearance of esophageal hematomas

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2000年第2期6卷 307-309页

作者： Rodica Ouatu-Lascar Gayatri Bharadhwaj George Triadafilopoulos Gastroenterology Section Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care SystemPalo AltoCalifornia and Division of GastroenterologyDepartment of MedicineStanford UniversityStanfordCaliforniaUSA

INTRODUCTIONEsophageal hematomas develop from the dissectionof the mucosa from the muscular layers of theesophageal wall and represent an uncommoncondition affecting all *** the mostcommon cause of esophageal hematomas isiatrogenic mechanical injury-induced by prolongednasogastric intubation,difficult or forcefulendoscopic intubation,or the result of

关键词： esophagus hematoma/etiology endoscopy gastrointestinal hemorrhage/diagnosis hematoma/classification wounds injuries

Lymphatic vasculature in tumor metastasis and immunobiology

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2020年第1期21卷 3-11页

作者： Xinguo JIANG va palo alto health care system Stanford University School of Medicine

Lymphatic vessels are essential for tissue fluid homeostasis,immune cell trafficking,and intestinal lipid *** lymphatics have long been recognized to serve as conduits for distant tumor ***,recent findings suggest that the regional lymphatic vasculature also shapes the immune microenvironment of the tumor mass and potentiates *** review discusses the role of lymphatic vessels in tumor metastasis and tumor immunity.

关键词： Lymphatic Lymphatic endothelial cell(LEC) Cancer Metastasis Immunotherapy

Cardiorespiratory fitness and cancer in women:A prospective pilot study

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Journal of Sport and health Science 2019年第5期8卷 457-462页

作者： Baruch vainshelboim Ricardo M.Lima Jonathan Myers Master of Cancer care Program School of Health SciencesSaint Francis UniversityLorettoPA 15940USA Cardiology Division Veterans Affairs Palo Alto Health Care System/Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94304USA Faculty of Physical Education University of BrasiliaBrasilia 70910-900Brazil

Purpose:To assess the association between cardiorespiratory fitness(CRF)and the incidence and mortality from cancer in women,and to evaluate the potential public health implications for cancer ***:Maximal exercise testing was performed in a pilot cohort of 184 women(59.3 ± 15.2 years)who were followed for 12.0 ± 6.9 *** hazard models adjusted for established cancer risk factors and accounting for competing events were analyzed for all-type cancer incidence and mortality from ***-attributable risks and exposure impact number were determined for low CRF(valents(METs))as a risk ***:During the follow-up,11.4% of the participants were diagnosed with cancer and 3.2% died from *** was inversely and independently associated with cancer *** every 1-metabolic equivalent increase in CRF,there was a 20% decrease in the risk of cancer incidence(hazard ratio(HR)= 0.80,95% confidence interval(CI):0.69-0.92;p=0.001)and a 26% reduction in risk of cancer mortality(HR = 0.74,95%CI:0.61-0.90;p=0.002).The population-attributable risks of low CRF were 11.6% and 14% for incidence and mortality of cancer,respectively,and the respective exposure impact numbers were 8 and ***:Greater CRF was independently associated with a lower risk of incidence and mortality from cancer in *** for low CRF as a cancer risk factor and referring unfit individuals to a supervised exercise program could be a public health strategy for cancer prevention in middle-age women.

关键词： Exercise capacity Exercise testing Fitness Public health

SARS-CoV-2 infection of monocytes:balancing acts of antibodies and inflammasomes

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2022年第8期7卷 2668-2669页

作者： R.Camille Brewer William H.Robinson Tobias V.Lanz Division of Immunology and Rheumatology Department of MedicineStanford University School of Medicine269 Campus DriveStanfordCA 94305USA Geriatric Research Educationand Clinical Centers(GRECC)VA Palo Alto Health Care System3801 Miranda AvePalo AltoCA 94304USA

In a recent study in Nature,Junqueira et *** evidence that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infects human monocytes and lung macrophages.1 The infection is antibody-mediated via Fc-receptors(FcγRs),and activates NLRP3 and AIM2 inflammasomes,which in turn induce pyroptosis and halt viral *** monocytes secrete the proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-1β(IL-1β)and IL-18,which contribute to systemic inflammation and severe coronavirus disease 19(COVID-19)(Fig.1).

关键词： NLRP3 monocytes infection

Photoactivated growth factor release from bio-orthogonally crosslinkedhydrogels for the regeneration of corneal defects

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Bioactive Materials 2024年第10期40卷 417-429页

作者： Nae-Won Kang Youngyoon Amy Seo Kevin JJackson Kyeongwoo Jang Euisun Song Uiyoung Han Fang Chen Sarah CHeilshorn David Myung Department of Ophthalmology Byers Eye Institute at Stanford UniversitySchool of MedicinePalo AltoCA 94304United States Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305United States Department of Chemical Engineering Stanford UniversityPalo AltoCA 94305United States va palo alto healthcare system Palo AltoCA 94304United States

In situ-forming hydrogels are an attractive option for corneal regeneration, and the delivery of growth factorsfrom such constructs have the potential to improve re-epithelialization and stromal remodeling. However,challenges persist in controlling the release of therapeutic molecules from hydrogels. Here, an in situ-forming bioorthogonallycrosslinked hydrogel containing growth factors tethered via photocleavable linkages (PC-HAColhydrogel) was developed to accelerate corneal regeneration. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) was conjugated tothe hydrogel backbone through photo-cleavable (PC) spacer arms and was released when exposed to mild intensityultraviolet (UV) light (2–5 mW/cm2, 365 nm). The PC-HACol hydrogel rapidly gelled within a few minuteswhen applied to corneal defects, with excellent transparency and biocompatibility. After subsequentexposure to UV irradiation, the hydrogel promoted the proliferation and migration of corneal epithelial cells invitro. The rate of re-epithelialization was positively correlated to the frequency of irradiation, verified through exvivo rabbit cornea organ culture studies. In an in vivo rat corneal wound healing study, the PC-HACol hydrogelexposed to UV light significantly promoted re-epithelialization, the remodeling of stromal layers, and exhibitedsignificant anti-scarring effects, with minimal α-SMA and robust ALDH3A1 expression. Normal differentiation ofthe regenerated epithelia after healing was evaluated by expression of the corneal epithelial biomarker, *** remodeled cornea exhibited full recovery of corneal thickness and layer number without hyperplasia of theepithelium.

关键词： In situ-forming hydrogel Bio-orthogonally crosslinked hydrogel Corneal regeneration Photo-responsive release Growth factor delivery