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Assessing the effectiveness of quarantine measures during the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile using Bayesian structural time series models

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2022年第4期7卷 625-636页

作者： Claudia Barría-Sandoval Guillermo Ferreira Bernardo Lagos Carola Montecino Bacigalupo Nursing School Faculty of Health and Social SciencesUniversidad de las AméricasConcepciònChile Faculty of Nursing Universidad de ConcepciònConcepciònChile department of Statistics Universidad de ConcepciònConcepciònChile Applied Mathematics Group(GMA)Faculty of Sciences Universidad del BiobíoConcepciònChile Nursing School Faculty of Health and Social SciencesUniversidad de las AméricasSantiagoChile

Background:With the emergence of the COVID-19 pandemic,all existing health protocols were tested under the worst health crisis humanity has experienced since the Black death in the 14th century.Countries in Latin america have been the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic,with more than 1.5 million people killed.Worldwide health measures have included quarantines,border closures,social distancing,and mask use,among others.In particular,Chile implemented total or partial quarantine measures depending on the number of infections in each region of the country.Therefore,it is necessary to study the effectiveness of these quarantines in relation to the public health measures implemented by government entities at the national level.Objective:The main objective of this study is to analyze the effectiveness of national-and region-level quarantines in Chile during the pandemic based on information published by the Chilean Ministry of Health,and answers to the following question are sought:Were quarantine measures in Chile effective during the COVID-19 pandemic?Methods:The causal effect between the rates of COVID-19 infections and the population rates in Phase 1 and Phase 2 quarantines in the period from March 2020 to March 2021 in different regions of Chile were evaluated using intervention analyses obtained through Bayesian structural time series models.In addition,the Kendall correlation coefficient obtained through the copula approach was used to evaluate the comovement between these rates.Results:In 75%of the Chilean regions under study(12 regions out of a total of 16),an effective Phase 1 quarantine,which was implemented to control and reduce the number of cases of COVID-19 infection,was observed.The main regions that experienced a decrease in cases were those located in the north and center of Chile.Regarding Phase 2,the COVID-19 pandemic was effectively managed in 31%(5 out of 16)of the regions.In the southcentral and extreme southern regions of Chile,the effectiveness of these phases was null.Conclusion:The findings

关键词： Comovement Bayesian time series models Novel coronavirus 2010 MSC 00e01 99-00

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Influence of Data Clouds Fusion From 3D RealTime Vision System on Robotic Group dead Reckoning in Unknown Terrain

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2020年第2期7卷 368-385页

作者： Mykhailo Ivanov Oleg Sergyienko Vera Tyrsa Lars Lindner Wendy Flores-Fuentes Julio Cesar Rodriguez-Quinonez Wilmar Hernandez Paolo Mercorelli universidad Autónoma de Baja California MexicaliB.C.21100Mexico Universidad de Las Américas Quito 170125Equador Leuphana University of Lueneburg Lüneburg 21335Germany

This paper proposes the solution of tasks set required for autonomous robotic group behavior optimization during the mission on a distributed area in a cluttered hazardous terrain.The navigation scheme uses the benefits of the original real-time technical vision system(TVS)based on a dynamic triangulation principle.The method uses TVS output data with fuzzy logic rules processing for resolution stabilization.Based on previous researches,the dynamic communication network model is modified to implement the propagation of information with a feedback method for more stable data exchange inside the robotic group.According to the comparative analysis of approximation methods,in this paper authors are proposing to use two-steps post-processing path planning aiming to get a smooth and energy-saving trajectory.The article provides a wide range of studies and computational experiment results for different scenarios for evaluation of common cloud point influence on robotic motion planning.

关键词： Data transfer group behavior machine vision navigation robotic group(RG) vision system

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Normalized residual displacement spectra for post-mains

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2021年第2期20卷 403-421页

作者： Saeed amiri Alireza Garakaninezhad Edén Bojórquez Structural Engineering Research Center International Institute of Earthquake Engineering and Seismology(IIEES)TehranIran department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of JiroftJiroftKermanIran Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad Autónoma de SinaloaCalz.de las Américas y Boulevard UniversitariosCd.Universitaria80040 CuliacánMexico

Residual displacement,as a significant measure of structural inelasticity,is effectively used in post-earthquake seismic assessment of structures.This demand can be considered for seismic evaluation of structures under multiple earthquakes.This study introduces a simple and novel index to predict the residual displacement of mainshock-damaged structures against subsequent aftershock.The proposed index is defined as a ratio between residual displacement of damaged structures against aftershock and peak inelastic displacement of intact structures under mainshock.In this study,constantstrength spectra based on the index are developed considering the effects of important structural characteristics and also significant seismic parameters.Moreover,analytical equations are presented to predict the proposed index for bi-linear single-degree-of-freedom(SDOF)systems considering both the effects of positive and negative polarities of aftershock.Furthermore,an equation is suggested to estimate the peak inelastic displacement of intact systems under mainshock,which is required to compute the index.

关键词： residual displacement demand mainshock-aftershock sequences peak inelastic displacement constantstrength spectra

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Post-fire recovery of Puya raimondii, vegetation and birds in the puna of Huascarán National Park, Perú

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Journal of Mountain Science 2024年第1期21卷 20-32页

作者： Mery L.SUNI Giovana P.VADILLO César ARANA Enoc JARA-PENA Letty SALINAS M.Estela PONCE Paul M.RamSAY Plant Physiology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru Natural History Museum Universidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15072Peru Applied Phytology Laboratory Faculty of Biological SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru department of Statistics Faculty of Mathematical SciencesUniversidad Nacional Mayor de San MarcosLima 15081Peru department of Chemical and Biological Sciences Universidad de las Américas PueblaSan Andrés Cholula CP Cholula CP 72810Mexico

A large fire of 233 ha in Huascarán National Park in Peru provided an opportunity to compare plant and bird responses in burned and nearby unburned zones of the puna. Heights and live diameters of flagship Puya raimondii rosettes(assigned to four broad developmental phases), plant communities(66 species in 24 families and nine growth forms) and bird communities(77 species in six trophic guilds) were monitored after the fire. Although no mortality was observed, Puya raimondii plants were affected by the fire, losing approximately 60% of their photosynthetic area across all developmental phases, but recovered quickly during the first two years after fire. The comparison of Puya rosette recovery after fire was complicated by the changes in live rosette diameter for unburned plants, which showed plasticity of photosynthetic area linked to seasonal and annual fluctuations in precipitation in this relatively dry environment(decreased by 26% for mature adult plants over the study period). Fire caused an immediate change in the density, biomass and composition of vegetation. Although the species present remained similar, their abundances changed significantly immediately after the fire, with notable reductions in dominant tussock grasses. This provided opportunities for other plants, resulting in higher postfire diversity of plant species, genera, families and growth forms. In turn, the changes in vegetation after fire affected the composition of birds according to their trophic guild. Granivores largely disappeared,generalists were mostly unaffected, and other guilds showed a more complex response. As the vegetation recovered, most displaced birds returned within approximately one year.

关键词： Burning Plant biomass Trophic guilds Andes Giant rosette plants

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The 2.7 K black-body radiation background reference frame

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Chinese Physics B 2010年第4期19卷 16-20页

作者： López-Carrera Benjamín Rosales Marco Antonio Ares de Parga Gonzalo departamento de Física Escuela Superior de Física y MatemticasInstituto Politécnico NacionalU.P.A.López MateosZacatenco 07738México DFMéxico departamento de Física Universidad de las AméricasSanta Catarina MrtirC.P.72820CholulaPuebla.México

This paper reports that the directional temperature is used to present a scheme for deducing the velocity of the reference frame where the black-body which produces the 2.7 K radiation background is at rest. The new r... 详细信息

关键词： relativistic transformations thermodynamics covariance black-body radiation

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Facial nerve monitoring in parotid gland surgery:design and feasibility assessment of a potential standardized technique

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2023年第4期9卷 280-287页

作者： Carlos S.Duque Andrés F.Londoño Ana M.Duque Jhon J.Zuleta Marcela Marulanda Lina M.Otálvaro Miguel Agudelo Juan P.Dueñas María F.Palacio Gianlorenzo Dionigi Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe Departmento deCancerologíaMedellinColombia Clínica de Otorrinolaringología de Antioquia“Orlant” MedellínColombia Sección Otorrinolaringología Departamentode CirugíaFacultad de MedicinaUniversidadde AntioquiaMedellínColombia Hospital Pablo Tobón Uribe DirecciónCientíficaMedellinColombia Sección Cirugia de Cabeza y Cuello Departamento de CirugíaFacultad deMedicinaUniversidad de AntioquiaMedellinColombia department of Internal Medicine IsraelMedical CenterNewarkNew JerseyUSA departamento de Cirugía Clínica El RosarioEl TesoroMedellínColombia Sección Cabeza y Cuello Instituto deCancerologíaClínica Las Américas–AunaMedellínColombia Chirurgia Generale Capitanio AuxiologicoMilanItaly

Background:Even though the use of nerve monitoring during parotid gland surgery is not the gold standard to prevent damage to the nerve,it surely offers some advantages over the traditional approach.Different from thyroid surgery,where a series of steps in intraoperative nerve monitoring have been described to confirm not only the integrity but—most importantly—the function of the recurrent laryngeal nerve,in parotid gland surgery,a formal guideline to follow while dissecting the facial nerve has yet to be described.Methods:A five‐year retrospective study was done reviewing the intraoperative records of patients who underwent parotid gland surgery under neural monitoring.The operative findings regarding the neuromonitoring process,particularly in regard to the amplitude of two main branches,were revised.A literature search was done to search for guidelines to follow when a facial nerve loss of signal is encountered.Results:Fifty‐five patients were operated on using the Nim 3 Nerve Monitoring System(Medtronic);31 were female patients,and 47 patients had benign lesions.Minimum changes were observed in the amplitude records after a comparison was made between the first and the last stimulation.There were only three articles discussing the term loss of signal during parotid gland surgery.Conclusion:Today,no sufficient attention has been given to the facial nerve monitoring process during parotidectomy.This study proposes a formal guideline to follow during this procedure as well as an instruction to consider when a loss of signal is observed to develop a uniform technique of facial nerve stimulation.

关键词： amplitude facial nerve intraoperative neural monitoring latency loss of signal nerve monitoring parotid gland

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Diagnostic Approach of Thrombocytopenia in Pregnancy: A Review

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2022年第8期12卷 784-792页

作者： John Alexander Yela Cono Sandra Ximena Olaya David Ricardo Murillo-Garcia Brahyan Osorio Juan David Hernández Susana Lopez de Valencia Hospital Popayán Colombia Institución Universitaria Visión de las américas Pereira Colombia The Jewish Hospital Cincinnati USA universidad Tecnológica de Pereira Pereira Colombia

Thrombocytopenia (defined as platelet count 9/L) is present in 7% - 12% of pregnant women at delivery. Although there are mild etiologies of this condition that are often diagnosed incidentally, there are more severe causes that can be life threating. Thrombocytopenia also has a great implication in surgical risk and regional anesthesia. A structured evaluation of thrombocytopenia is necessary to allow an adequate diagnostic approach. Here we summarized the current knowledge of thrombocytopenia in pregnancy.

关键词： Pregnancy Thrombocytopenia Gestational Thrombocytopenia Preeclampsia HELLP Syndrome Immune Thrombocytopenia Thrombotic Microangiopathy Heparin-Induced Thrombocytopenia Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation

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determination of altitudes of the three main Ecuadorian summits through GNSS positioning

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2022年第4期13卷 343-351页

作者： Maria Jose Merizalde Mora Cesar Alberto Leiva Gonzalez dennys Alexander Enriquez Hidalgo Theofilos Toulkeridis universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE SangolquiEcuador Instituto Geografico Militar IGM QuitoEcuador universidad de Especialidades Turisticas UdeT QuitoEcuador

determining the altitude of mountains is one of the most fundamental challenges for humankind.Therefore,the main objective of the study is to determine the altitudes of the three main summits in Ecuador through GNSS positioning,referring to the official vertical datum of Ecuador and the geo-potential surface(W_(o)).The three peaks are active volcanoes named Chimborazo,Cotopaxi and Cayambe,all of which are known to be over 5700 m above sea level.Positioning GNSS was performed on the summit of the volcanoes,and the GPS leveling method was applied on nearby plates.At these summits,the correction of the potential difference between the mean sea level and W_(o) was used.The altitudes referred to the mean sea level were compared with other registered heights,and the results are more accurate than previous geodetic missions.

关键词： Altitude Volcanoes GNSS GPS leveling Geopotential

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Long-term results of the treatment of Hodgkin’s lymphoma in a resource-constrained setting:Real-world data from a single center

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2021年第9期12卷 800-807页

作者： Luisa Fernanda Sánchez-Valledor Thomas M Habermann Iván Murrieta-Alvarez Alejandra Carmina Córdova-Ramírez Montserrat Rivera-Álvarez Andrés León-Peña Yahveth Cantero-Fortiz Juan Carlos Olivares-Gazca Guillermo JoséRuiz-delgado Guillermo JoséRuiz-Argüelles Escuela de Medicina Universidad de las Américas PueblaCholula 72810PueblaMexico department of Medicine Division of HematologyMayo Clinical and Mayo FoundationRochesterMN 55905United States Centro de Hematología y Medicina Interna Clínica RuizPuebla 72530Mexico Escuela de Medicina Universidad Popular Autónoma del Estado de PueblaPuebla 72410Mexico

BACKGROUND The outcomes of Hodgkin's lymphoma(HL)in Mexico have not been widely reported.Simplified and affordable treatments have been adopted in middleincome countries.AIM The aim was to evaluate long-used therapies for HL in Mexico in a long-term basis.METHODS In a 34-year time period,88 patients with HL were treated at a single institution in Mexico.Patients were treated with adriamycin bleomycin vinblastine and dacarbazine(ABVD)or mechlorethamine,vincristine,procarbazine,and prednisone(MOPP).Relapsed or refractory patients were given ifosfamide,carboplatin,and etoposide(ICE)followed by autologous or allogeneic stem cell transplants.RESULTS Thirty-seven women and 51 men were included;the median age was 29 years.Patients were followed for a mean of 128 mo.The 310-mo overall survival(OS)was 83%for patients treated with MOPP and 88%for those treated with ABVD.The OS of patients who received autologous stem cell transplantation was 76%(330 mo)vs 93%(402 mo)in those who did not.CONCLUSION HL may be less aggressive in Mexican population than in Caucasians.Combined chemotherapy renders acceptable results,regardless of clinical stage.

关键词： Hodgkin Lymphoma Treatment ABVD chemotherapy

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Geoid undulation modeling through the Cokriging methode——A case study of Guayaquil, Ecuador

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2021年第5期12卷 356-367页

作者： Iván Palacios Orejuela César Leiva González Xavier Buenano Guerra Elena Chicaiza Mora Theofilos Toulkeridis universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE SangolquíEcuador universidad Politécnica de Madrid MadridSpain

The determination of vertical component plays a fundamental role in the initial phase of engineering applications. However, its acquisition is technically and economically demanding, mainly due to the precise heights relative to a reference surface, such as the mean sea level. The Cokriging technique is a necessary input for the calculation of the vertical component of the geodetic control points measured by GNSS, and it requires less auxiliary data and uses complementary available variables for the calculation.Therefore, the main goal is to use Cokriging to establish a geoid undulation prediction model for the rural area of the canton of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Ordinary, Residual and Universal Cokriging and Kriging techniques were used to compare their results and select the best for achieving accuracy. The validation of the application techniques yielded that Universal Cokriging was the most accurate with an RMSE of 8 cm and RSR of 2 cm, obtained just with 66 samples(20% of the dataset). Furthermore, considering the comparison with other regional geoid undulation models, the proposed model increased the accuracy of the results by a ratio of 9.68 and 6.96 in relation to EGM96 and EGM08, respectively.

关键词： Universal Cokriging Kriging Mean sea level GNSS

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