Geoid undulation modeling through the Cokriging methode——A case study of Guayaquil, Ecuador

作     者：Iván Palacios Orejuela César Leiva González Xavier Buenano Guerra Elena Chicaiza Mora Theofilos Toulkeridis Iván Palacios Orejuela;César Leiva González;Xavier Buena?o Guerra;Elena Chicaiza Mora;Theofilos Toulkeridis

作者机构：Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPESangolquíEcuador Universidad Politécnica de MadridMadridSpain 

出 版 物：《Geodesy and Geodynamics》 (大地测量与地球动力学（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2021年第12卷第5期

页      面：356-367页

核心收录：

学科分类：0709[理学-地质学] 08[工学] 0707[理学-海洋科学] 0708[理学-地球物理学] 0804[工学-仪器科学与技术] 081601[工学-大地测量学与测量工程] 0705[理学-地理学] 0815[工学-水利工程] 0816[工学-测绘科学与技术] 0825[工学-航空宇航科学与技术] 0704[理学-天文学] 0812[工学-计算机科学与技术（可授工学、理学学位）] 

主　　题：Universal Cokriging Kriging Mean sea level GNSS 

摘      要：The determination of vertical component plays a fundamental role in the initial phase of engineering applications. However, its acquisition is technically and economically demanding, mainly due to the precise heights relative to a reference surface, such as the mean sea level. The Cokriging technique is a necessary input for the calculation of the vertical component of the geodetic control points measured by GNSS, and it requires less auxiliary data and uses complementary available variables for the calculation.Therefore, the main goal is to use Cokriging to establish a geoid undulation prediction model for the rural area of the canton of Guayaquil, Ecuador. Ordinary, Residual and Universal Cokriging and Kriging techniques were used to compare their results and select the best for achieving accuracy. The validation of the application techniques yielded that Universal Cokriging was the most accurate with an RMSE of 8 cm and RSR of 2 cm, obtained just with 66 samples(20% of the dataset). Furthermore, considering the comparison with other regional geoid undulation models, the proposed model increased the accuracy of the results by a ratio of 9.68 and 6.96 in relation to EGM96 and EGM08, respectively.