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Taeniasis vs cysticercosis infection routes

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第6期9卷 599-600页

作者： Maria Teresa Galán-Puchades Department of Cell Biology and parasitology Faculty of Pharmacy University of Valencia

Although cysticercosis caused by Taenia solium(T. solium) is considered a neglected disease, its life cycle has been well known for more than two centuries. T. solium not only causes cysticercosis but also taeniasis in humans. These two diseases have totally different infection routes. To acquire taeniasis(the presence of the adult stage of T. solium in the intestine), humans have to ingest the larval stage(cysticercus) that infects a variety of organs and viscera in pigs, its intermediate hosts. Therefore, taeniasis is acquired when eating raw or undercooked infected pork. The adult stage in the human intestine release eggs that contain a hexacanth embryo, the oncosphere. If humans accidentally ingest the eggs of T. solium, the released oncospheres penetrate the intestine and become cysticerci. Therefore, cysticercosis is acquired by the ingestion of eggs that contaminate water, vegetables, hands etc. These facts should not be forgotten to avoid misinformation in scientific publications.

关键词： Taeniasis Cysticercosis Infection routes

Neurocysticercosis causing sudden death:a case report

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第8期3卷 669-670页

作者： Martinez Fernanda Seley Celeste Marchesi Liliana Fontanarossa Victoria Rodriguez Dominique Troncoso Alcides Department of Microbiology Parasitology and Infectious DiseasesSchool of MedicineBuenos Aires University

We report an acute case of a native man from Bolivia suffered from cephalalgia which rapidly worsened and ended in his sudden and unexpected *** resonance imaging(MRI) of the brain was *** demonstrated on brain MRI scan were consistent with a diagnosis of neurocysticercosis(NCC).An autopsy showed the presence of intraventricular Taenia solium(***) cysts which caused blockage of cerebrospinal fluid and secondary *** to the increasing travel movements of people neurocysticercosis must be considered as a cause of unexplained sudden death.

关键词： Neurocysticercosis Taenia solium Sudden death

Comparison of histopathology and PCR based assay for detection of experimentally induced toxoplasmosis in murine model

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2015年第6期8卷 448-451页

作者： Vikrant Sudan A.K.Tewari R Singh Harkirat Singh Department of parasitology College of Veterinary Sciences & Animal HusbandryU.P.Pandit Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Pashu Chikitsa Vigyan Vishuavidyalaya Evam Go Anusandhan SansthanMathura- 281001India Department of parasitology Indian Veterinary Research Institute CADRAD.Indian Veterinary Research Institute Department of parasitology.GADVASU

Objective:To compare histopathology and PCR based detection in diagnosis of experimentally induced toxoplasmosis of RH human strain of the parasite in murine ***:A comparison of histopathology and PCR based detection was done to diagnose experimentally induced toxoplasmosis in ten inbred swiss albino mice after intraperitoneal inoculation of 100 tachyzoites of laboratory mantained human RH strain of the *** samples from lung,liver,spleen,brain,heart and kidney were taken and processed for histopathological examination while all the samples also were subjected to PCR,using primers directed to the multicopy of SAG 3 gene,in ***:Histopathology revealed presence of tachyzoites only in liver while along with lung,liver,spleen and brain tissue yielded desired positive PCR ***:The SAG 3 based PCR is able to diagnose toxoplasmosis in those tissues which are declared negative by histopathological assay.

关键词： Experimental infection Histopathology SAG 3 based PCR detection Toxoplasmosis

A comparative study of bacterial isolates from the urine samples of AIDS and non-AIDS patients in Benue,Nigeria

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2010年第5期3卷 382-385页

作者： Okwori EE Nwadioha SI Jombo GTA Nwokedi EOP Odimayo MS Department of Medical Microbiology& parasitology College of Health SciencesBenue State University

Objective:To determine the common bacterial causes of urinary tract infection and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in AIDS patients versus non-AIDS ***:One thousand consecutive AIDS patients with signs and symptoms of AIDS and non-AIDS patients (served as control) each on admission were recruited into the study between January 2005 to January 2008,in Federal Medical Center,*** samples were collected with sterile universal bottles and analysed with appropriate laboratory methods and antibiotic susceptibility test was carried out by disk diffusion technique in accordance with National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards(NCCLS,now CLSI) *** results were analysed using SPSS 11.0 statistical ***:Urine samples of AIDS patients with urinary infection had a more spectrum of micro-organisms including Candida organisms,Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus ***,Ceftazidime or Ciprofloxacin had a remarkably high anti-bacterial activity across the two study groups.A general resistance was recorded in *** and *** was no significant difference in antibiotic susceptibility patterns between AIDS and non- AIDS patients(P>0.05).Conclusions:A reduction in unnecessary use of antibiotics as well as infection control should be encouraged in our health facilities.

关键词： Urinary bacterial isolates Antibiotic susceptibility pattern AIDS patient Benue

The Midgut Bacterial Flora of Laboratory-Reared Hard Ticks, Haemaphysalis longicornis, Hyalomma asiaticum, and Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第8期13卷 1766-1771页

作者： LI Chun-hong CAO Jie ZHOU Yong-zhi ZHANG Hou-shuang GONG Hai-yan ZHOU Jin-lin Key Laboratory of Animal parasitology Ministry of Agriculture/Shanghai Veterinary Research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences

Ixodid ticks play an important role in the transmission of a variety of zoonoses of viral, bacterial and protozoan origin, and they also harbor a wealth of microorganisms. To gain more detailed insights into the potential interactions between bacterial flora and tick-borne pathogens, we investigated the midgut bacterial flora of laboratory-reared Haemaphysalis longicornis, Hyalomma asiaticum and Rhipicephalus haemaphysaloides. Based on morphological, biochemical, and 16 S rDNA sequencing results, we identified 15 species belonging to 12 genera in the midgut of the three ticks. The bacterial communities were similar to those found in other studies of hematophagous arthropods. Kocuria sp. was the most frequently isolated species and its 16 S rDNA gene sequence was very similar to Kocuria koreensis P31 T. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the bacterial flora of tick midguts and the results show that there were many different bacterial species in each tick species. Among the most common genera, there may have been a novel species in the genus Kocuria. The results might be the first step for looking for different aspects of the pathogen and tick interaction.

关键词： bacteria Kocuria sp. tick midgut

Phylogeography,genetic variability and structure of Acanthamoeba metapopulations in Iran inferred by 18S ribosomal RNA sequences:A systematic review and meta-analysis

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2017年第9期10卷 855-863页

作者： Adel Spotin Hamid Reza Moslemzadeh Mahmoud Mahami-Oskouei Ehsan Ahmadpour Maryam Niyyati Seyed Hossein Hejazi Fatemeh Memari Jafar Noori Immunology Research Center Tabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Department of parasitology and Mycology Faculty of MedicineTabriz University of Medical SciencesTabrizIran Department of Medical parasitology and Mycology School of MedicineShahid Beheshti University of Medical SciencesTehranIran Department of parasitology and Mycology School of MedicineIsfahan University of Medical SciencesIsfahanIran

Objective: To verify phylogeography and genetic structure of Acanthamoeba populations among the Iranian clinical isolates and natural/artificial environments distributed in various regions of the ***: We searched electronic databases including Medline, Pub Med, Science Direct, Scopus and Google Scholar from 2005 to 2016. To explore the genetic variability of Acanthamoeba sp, 205 sequences were retrieved from keratitis patients, immunosuppressed cases and environmental sources as of various geographies of ***: T4 genotype was the predominant strain in Iran, and the rare genotypes belonged to T2, T3, T5(Acanthamoeba lenticulata), T6, T9, T11, T13 and T15(Acanthamoeba jacobsi).A total of 47 unique haplotypes of T4 were identified. A parsimonious network of the sequence haplotypes demonstrated star-like feature containing haplogroups IR6(34.1%) and IR7(31.2%) as the most common haplotypes. In accordance with the analysis of molecular variance, the high value of haplotype diversity(0.612–0.848) of Acanthamoeba T4 represented genetic variability within populations. Neutrality indices of the 18 S ribosomal RNA demonstrated negative values in all populations which represented a considerable divergence from neutrality. The majority of genetic diversity belonged to the infected contact lens and dust samples in immunodeficiency and ophthalmology wards, which indicated potential routes for exposure to a pathogenic Acanthamoeba sp. in at-risk individuals. A pairwise fixation index(FST) was from low to high values(0.024 33–0.418 92). The statistically FST points out that T4 is genetically differentiated between north-west, north-south and centralsouth metapopulations, but not differentiated between west-central, west-south, centralsouth, and north-central ***: An occurrence of IR6 and IR7 displays that possibly a gene flow of Acanthamoeba T4 occurred after the founder effect or bottleneck experience through ecological changes or host mobility

关键词： Acanthamoeba metapopulations Genetic variability Gene flow Molecular phylogeny Iran

Clinical and molecular features of human cystic echinococcosis in Tehran,Iran,2011-2019

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2022年第12期15卷 558-567页

作者： Narges Amani Hamedani Majid Pirestani Abdolhossein Dalimi parasitology&Entomology Department Faculty of Medical SciencesTarbiat Modares UniversityTehranIran

Objective:To evaluate the clinical and molecular features of human cystic echinococcosis in Tehran,***:In this cross-sectional study,all human cystic echinococcosis patients admitted to Tehran’s hospitals from 2011 to 2019 were enrolled,and demographic characteristics,clinical findings,and laboratory data were ***,paraffin-embedded and fresh tissue samples of 175 cystic echinococcosis patients were evaluated for molecular *** samples’isolated DNA was used to amplify cytochrome c oxidaseⅠand NADH dehydrogenase subunitⅠ***,the morphological features of fresh samples were ***:In total,175 patients with a mean age of 45(9-98)years were admitted to Tehran’s hospitals diagnosed with cystic ***,the highest(26.9%)and the lowest(2.9%)prevalence of cystic echinococcosis cases were in the 16-30 and 1-15 years range,***/female ratio was 0.96(49.1%vs.50.9%).The liver was affected in 92 patients(52.6%),and two or more organs were infected in 7 patients(4.0%).The cysts’diameter varied from 1 to 25 cm,and 96.0%of the patients had a single hydatid *** patients underwent radical surgery and the PAIR technique was applied for all *** significant difference was observed between the protoscolex hooks of pulmonary and hepatic cysts.G1-G3 had the highest percentage(99.4%)over other identified G6 genotypes(0.6%).Conclusions:The sheep-dog cycle plays an important role in transmitting the human cystic echinococcosis infection in Tehran.

关键词： Human cystic echinococcosis Clinical features Genotype Tehran

Cytomorphological Variations of Leishman-Donovan Bodies Found in Cutaneous Leishmaniasis Patients in Sri Lanka

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Infectious Microbes & Diseases 2023年第2期5卷 93-100页

作者： Arumugam Murugananthan Kanchana P.Amarasinghe Gayanie W.Rathnaweera Ponnathurai T.Amalraajan Rajadurai Arulenthiran Department of parasitology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Department of Zoology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of JaffnaJaffnaSri Lanka Dermatology unit National HospitalColomboSri Lanka.

Leishmania parasites undergo a dimorphic life *** of cutaneous leishmaniasis(CL)is primarily made by the microscopic identification of the amastigote form of the parasite in a ***,correct identification of Leishman-Donovan(LD)bodies in smears is crucial for CL *** aim of this study was to provide a broad overview of different cytomorphologies of LD bodies to improve the sensitivity of microscopic detection of Leishmania donovani,which causes CL in Sri Lanka.A total of 125 smears,prepared from patients who met the positive diagnostic criteria of CL,were Giemsa stained and examined *** density,cellular location and all possible cytomorphological forms of the parasite were documented.A total of 10 different cytomorphological forms of LD bodies were *** them,the round form was observed only *** other morphological forms,namely the pear shape,cigarette shape,candle flame form,embryo shape,flagellate form,binary form and rosette form,were found only *** spindle form and lens shape were observed in both intracellular and extracellular *** amastigotes have a wide range of morphologies besides their classical *** Leishmania are considered as obligatory intracellular parasites,theymanage to survive successfully within the extracellular hostile conditions as ***,having a broader view of different morphological forms for Leishmania parasites may help to improve diagnosis of CL.

关键词： cutaneous leishmaniasis Leishmania donovani cytomorphology amastigote diagnostic microscopy

Prevalence and virulence factors of Candida spp. associated with blow flies

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 428-431页

作者： Wimonrat GunTang Nathamon Kamonvoradej Chitchanok Chomchat Sangrawee Suriyakan Sangob Sanit Jintana Wongwigkarn Nophawan Bunchu Damrongpan Thongwat Supaporn Lamlertthon Centre of Excellence in Fungal Research Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityThailand Department of Microbiology and parasitology Faculty of Medical ScienceNaresuan UniversityThailand Department of parasitology Faculty of MedicineChiang Mai UniversityThailand

Objective:To investigate the prevalence of Candida *** the virulence factors of Candida albicans(***) isolated from external surfaces of blow flies collected from Mae Sot,Tak Province,***:The blow flies were collected by sterile sweep nets from three areas in Mae *** isolation was first performed on Sabouraud dextrose agar(SDA) supplemented with chloramphenicol and *** yeast isolates were then identified by using chromogenic agar,a yeast identification test kit,a germ tube formation test and a carbohydrate utilization *** β-hemolysis was determined on 7% sheep blood agar,while phospholipase activity was measured on SDA agar supplemented with 10% egg yolk *** susceptibility testing was determined by broth micro-dilution testing against ketoconazole and amphotericin ***:The prevalence rate of Candida *** the external surfaces of the blow flies was 78.1%.All *** isolated from the blow fly demonstrated b-hemolysin and potent phospholipase activities and 47.1% of *** were resistant to ketoconazole with MIC values 128 mg/m ***:The results indicate that blow flies could play an essential role in the transmission of potentially pathogenic and antifungal resistant *** into the *** investigation on other virulence factors and genetic relatedness among isolates from the blow flies,the environment and clinical specimens is required to confirm this role.

关键词： Blow flies Candida albicans β-Hemolysin Phospholipase Antifungal resistance