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Protective and Adverse Roles of DDX3X in Different Cell Types in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Progression

Research 2024年第3期6卷 561-574页

作者： Suzhen Yang Lin Zhou Tianming Zhao Hanlong Zhu Tingting Luo Kang Jiang Xiaoxiao Shi Chunyan Chen Han Zhang Si Zhao Xiaoping Zou Yuzheng Zhuge Fangyu Wang Lei Wang Mingzuo Jiang Bing Xu Department of Gastroenterology the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolJiangsuNanjing210002China. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology the Affiliated Jinling Hospital of Nanjing University Medical SchoolJiangsuNanjing210002China school of Medicine Northwest UniversityShaanxiXi’an710069China. Department of Gastroenterology Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalChinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeJiangsuNanjing210008China.

Persistent hepatic cellular metabolic stress and liver inflammatory stimuli are key signatures of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH).DDX3X is a vital molecule involved in cell fate decisions in both pro-survival stress granule(SG)and pro-death NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain containing 3(NLRP3)inflammasome assembly in response to stress ***,the role of DDX3X in NASH remains *** characterized the cell type-specific roles of DDX3X in *** liver tissues from NASH patients and normal control subjects were collected to assess DDX3X expression and *** steatohepatitis models were constructed by feeding macrophage-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3^(XΔMφ)),hepatocyte-specific DDX3X knockout(DDX3X^(Δhep)),and wild-type control(DDX3X^(fl/fl))mice a high-fat and high-cholesterol(HFHC)diet,a methionine-and choline-deficient(MCD)diet,and a high-fat/high-iron/high-fructose/high-cholesterol,low-methionine,and choline-deficient(HFHIHFHC-MCD)*** study demonstrated that DDX3X was predominantly expressed in macrophages and hepatocytes in control liver tissues,and its expression was down-regulated in patients or mice with *** to DDX3X^(fl/fl) littermates,DDX3^(XΔMφ)mice showed improved liver histology in nutritional steatohepatitis *** of macrophage DDX3X inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated pyroptosis,causing anti-inflammatory M2 polarization and alleviating hepatocyte steatohepatitic ***3X^(Δhep) mice developed marked steatohepatitis in multiple nutritional steatohepatitis models compared to DDX3X^(fl/fl) ***3X-deleted hepatocytes showed impaired SG assembly,leading to increased sensitivity and intolerance to metabolic stimulation and resultant *** conclusion,DDX3X plays opposite roles in different cell types during the progression of NASH.A better understanding of the cell-specific differences in the crosstalk between SG formation and NLRP3 activation is crucial for developing pr

关键词： NLRP3 impaired inhibited

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Associations of daily sedentary behavior,physical activity,and sleep with irritable bowel syndrome:A prospective analysis of 362,193 participants

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 72-80页

作者： Xu Gao Sifan Tian Ninghao Huang Gang Sun Tao Huang Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology First Medical Center of People's Liberation Army General HospitalBeijing 100853China

Background:Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)substantially affects quality of life and requires early *** study aimed to elucidate the relationships between IBS and daily behaviors,including sedentary behavior(SB),physical activity(PA),and *** particular,it seeks to identify healthy behaviors to reduce IBS risk,which previous studies have rarely ***:Daily behaviors were retrieved from self-reported data of 362,193 eligible UK Biobank *** cases were determined by self-report or health care data according to RomeⅣ***:A total of 345,388 participants were IBS-free at baseline,during a median follow-up of 8.45 years,19,885 incident IBS cases were *** examined individually,SB and shorter(≤7 h/day)or longer(>7 h/day)sleep duration were each positively associated with increased IBS risk,and PA was associated with lower IBS *** isotemporal substitution model suggested that replacing SB with other activities could provide further protective effects against IBS *** people sleeping≤7 h/day,replacing 1 h of SB with equivalent light PA,vigorous PA,or sleep was associated with 8.1%(95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.901-0.937),5.8%(95%CI:0.896-0.991),and 9.2%(95%CI:0.885-0.932)reduced IBS risk,*** people sleeping>7 h/day,light and vigorous PA were associated with a 4.8%(95%CI:0.926-0.978)and a 12.0%(95%CI:0.815-0.949)lower IBS risk,*** benefits were mostly independent of genetic risk for ***:SB and unhealthy sleep duration are risk factors for IBS.A promising way to mitigate IBS risk for individuals sleeping≤7 h/day and for those sleeping>7 h/day appears to be by replacing SB with adequate sleep or vigorous PA,respectively,regardless of the genetic predisposition of IBS.

关键词： Irritable bowel syndrome Isotemporal substitution model Physical activity Sedentary behavior Sleep

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Cell membrane vesicles derived from hBMSCs and hUVECs enhance bone regeneration

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Bone Research 2024年第2期12卷 361-371页

作者： Dandan Wang Yaru Guo Boon Chin Heng Xuehui Zhang Yan Wei Ying He Mingming Xu Bin Xia Xuliang Deng Department of Pediatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyBeijing 100081P.R.China Department of Geriatric Dentistry Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Center for StomatologyNational Clinical Research Center for Oral DiseasesNational Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijing 100081P.R.China Department of Dental Materials&Dental medical Devices Testing Center Peking University School and Hospital of StomatologyNational Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical DevicesBeijing 100081P.R.China

Bone tissue renewal can be enhanced through co-transplantation of bone mesenchymal stem cells(BMSCs)and vascular endothelial cells(ECs).However,there are apparent limitations in stem cell-based therapy which hinder its clinic ***,we investigated the potential of alternative stem cell substitutes for facilitating bone *** this study,we successfully prepared cell membrane vesicles(CMVs)from BMSCs and *** results showed that BMSC-derived cell membrane vesicles(BMSC-CMVs)possessed membrane receptors involved in juxtacrine signaling and growth factors derived from their parental ***-derived cell membrane vesicles(EC-CMVs)also contained BMP2 and VEGF derived from their parental ***-CMVs enhanced tube formation and migration ability of hUVECs,while EC-CMVs promoted the osteogenic differentiation of hBMSCs in *** a rat skull defect model,we found that co-transplantation of BMSC-CMVs and EC-CMVs could stimulate angiogenesis and bone formation in ***,our research might provide an innovative and feasible approach for cell-free therapy in bone tissue regeneration.

关键词： hinder apparent vesicles

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Formal Verification of Data Modifications in Cloud Block Storage Based on Separation Logic

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Chinese Journal of Electronics 2024年第1期33卷 112-127页

作者： Bowen ZHANG Zhao JIN Hanpin WANG Yongzhi CAO Key Laboratory of High Confidence Software Technologies (MOE) School of Computer Science Peking University school of Computer and Artificial Intelligence Zhengzhou University school of Computer Science and Cyber Engineering Guangzhou University

Cloud storage is now widely used, but its reliability has always been a major concern. Cloud block storage(CBS) is a famous type of cloud storage. It has the closest architecture to the underlying storage and can provide interfaces for other types. Data modifications in CBS have potential risks such as null reference or data *** verification of these operations can improve the reliability of CBS to some extent. Although separation logic is a mainstream approach to verifying program correctness, the complex architecture of CBS creates some challenges for verifications. This paper develops a proof system based on separation logic for verifying the CBS data modifications. The proof system can represent the CBS architecture, describe the properties of the CBS system state, and specify the behavior of CBS data modifications. Using the interactive verification approach from Coq, the proof system is implemented as a verification tool. With this tool, the paper builds machine-checked proofs for the functional correctness of CBS data modifications. This work can thus analyze the reliability of cloud storage from a formal perspective.

关键词： Cloud computing Behavioral sciences Reliability Formal verification

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Stationary Almost Markov ε-Equilibria for Discounted Stochastic Games with Borel Spaces and Unbounded Payoffs

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Journal of Systems Science & Complexity 2024年第4期37卷 1672-1684页

作者： WU Yiting ZHANG Junyu HUANG Song school of Mathematics Sun Yat-Sen UniversityGuangzhou 510275China school of Software and Microelectronics Peking UniversityBeijing 100871China

This paper is concerned with nonzero-sum discrete-time stochastic games in Borel state and action spaces under the expected discounted payoff *** payoff function can be *** transition probability is a convex combination of finite probability measures that are dominated by a probability measure on the state space and depend on the state *** suitable conditions,the authors establish the existence of stationary almost Markov ε-equilibria and give an approximation method via some stochastic games with bounded ***,a production game is introduced to illustrate the applications of the main result,which generalizes the bounded payoff case.

关键词： Almost Markovε-equilibrium Borel state space expected discounted payoff criterion nonzero-sum stochastic games unbounded payoffs

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A strong physical unclonable function with machine learning immunity for Internet of Things application

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第1期67卷 271-283页

作者： Pengpeng REN Yongkang XUE Linglin JING Lining ZHANG Runsheng WANG Zhigang JI National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Micro/Nano Fabrication Shanghai Jiao Tong University Department of Micro/Nano Electronics Shanghai Jiao Tong University school of Electronic and Computer Engineering Peking University school of Integrated Circuits Peking University

The physical unclonable functions(PUFs) are novel cryptographic primitives in modern hardware security *** with traditional alternatives based on digital keys and non-volatile memory(NVM),the PUF system shows great unclonability,high efficiency,and physical attack ***,the conventional PUF design suffers from weak machine learning immunity,high storage overhead,and unreliability,making it difficult to implement in the Internet of Things(Io T) and edge computing *** paper presents a new PUF design that could solve the proposed *** utilizing the emission probability of traps commonly found in nano-scaled transistors,a model-based PUF system with strong machine learning resistance could be *** PUF design,called Prob-PUF,needs fewer challengeresponse pairs(CRPs) space and reveals superior resistance to modeling attacks due to the mixture of stable/random bits in its output ***,the Prob-PUF system could reach a high level of uniqueness and robustness,making it a potential candidate for future cryptographically secured protocols within the IoT.

关键词： physical unclonable function (PUF) electron traps authentication encryption cryptography security

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Comparison Between Threshold Method and Artificial Intelligence Approaches for Early Warning of Respiratory Infectious Diseases-Weifang City,Shandong Province,China,2020-2023

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China CDC weekly 2024年第26期6卷 635-641,I0010,I0011页

作者： Ting Zhang Liuyang Yang Ziliang Fan Xuancheng Hu Jiao Yang Yan Luo Dazhu Huo Xuya Yu Ling Xin Xuan Han Jie Shan Zhongjie Li Weizhong Yang school of Population Medicine and Public Health Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences(CAMS)&Peking Union Medical College(PUMC)BeijingChina State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity BeijingChina Key Laboratory of Pathogen Infection Prevention and Control(peking Union medical College) Ministry of EducationBeijingChina The Third Affiliated Hospital of Kunming medical university Yunnan Cancer HospitalKunming CityYunnan ProvinceChina school of Data Science Fudan UniversityShanghaiChina Weifang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Weifang CityShandong ProvinceChina school of Health Policy and Management Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijingChina

Introduction:Respiratory infectious diseases,such as influenza and coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),present significant global public health *** emergence of artificial intelligence(AI)and big data offers opportunities to improve traditional disease surveillance and early warning ***:The study analyzed data from January 2020 to May 2023,comprising influenza-like illness(ILI)statistics,Baidu index,and clinical data from *** methodologies were evaluated:the adaptive dynamic threshold method(ADTM)for dynamic threshold adjustments,the machine learning supervised method(MLSM),and the machine learning unsupervised method(MLUM)utilizing anomaly *** comparison focused on sensitivity,specificity,timeliness,and warning ***:ADTM issued 37 warnings with a sensitivity of 71%and a specificity of 85%.MLSM generated 35 warnings,with a sensitivity of 82%and a specificity of 87%.MLUM produced 63 warnings with a sensitivity of 100%and specificity of 80%.The initial warnings from ADTM and MLUM preceded those from MLSM by five *** Kappa coefficient indicated moderate agreement between the methods,with values ranging from 0.52 to 0.62(P<0.05).Discussion:The study explores the comparison between traditional methods and two machine learning approaches for early warning *** emphasizes the validation of machine learning’s reliability and underscores the unique advantages of each ***,it stresses the significance of integrating machine learning models with various data sources to enhance public health preparedness and response,alongside acknowledging limitations and the need for broader validation.

关键词： specificity integrating utilizing

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Scalar dark energy models and scalar–tensor gravity:theoretical explanations for the accelerated expansion of the present Universe

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Communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第10期76卷 160-189页

作者： Peixiang Ji Lijing Shao Department of Astronomy School of Physics Peking University Kavli Institute for Astronomy and Astrophysics Peking University National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences

The reason for the present accelerated expansion of the Universe stands as one of the most profound questions in the realm of science, with deep connections to both cosmology and fundamental physics. From a cosmological point of view, physical models aimed at elucidating the observed expansion can be categorized into two major classes: dark energy and modified gravity. We review various major approaches that employ a single scalar field to account for the accelerating phase of our present Universe. Dynamic system analysis was employed in several important models to find cosmological solutions that exhibit an accelerating phase as an *** scalar field models of dark energy, we consistently focused on addressing challenges related to the fine-tuning and coincidence problems in cosmology, as well as exploring potential solutions to them. For scalar–tensor theories and their generalizations, we emphasize the importance of constraints on theoretical parameters to ensure overall consistency with experimental tests. Models or theories that could potentially explain the Hubble tension are also emphasized throughout this review.

关键词： cosmology dark energy dynamic system modified gravity quintessence

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Difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium salt: A new general and versatile difluoromethylating reagent with divergent ·CF_(2)H, CF_(2)H^(+), and :CF_(2) reactivities

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第3期67卷 953-962页

作者： Yuan-Qing Gu Hong-Xin Long Dan-Dan Zhang Mei-Feng Ruan Guo-Kai Liu school of Pharmacy Shenzhen University Medical SchoolShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518055China

Development of practical and versatile electrophilic difluoromethylating reagent is still a grand challenge so far due to its inherent instability or low ***,we report the design and synthesis of difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium tetrafluoroborate(PT-CF_(2)H^(+)BF_(4)^(-)) as a novel difluoromethylating reagent,which proves to be a bench-stable,general,powerful and versatile reagent with divergent·CF_(2)H,CF_(2)H^(+),and:CF_(2) *** use of this reagent,we demonstrated a vast array of difluoromethyl radical transfer reactions via diverse pathways involving photocatalyst-free visible-light induction,visible-light photoredox catalysis and visible-light mediation single electron transfer of EDA ***,the green and highly effective CF_(2)H^(+) and:CF_(2) transfer reactions were also readily accomplished.

关键词： difluoromethyl phenoxathiinium salt versatile difluoromethylating reagent difluoromethyl radical difluoromthyl cation difluorocarbene

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Updated prevalence of latent prostate cancer in Chinese population and comparison of biopsy results: An autopsy-based study

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 80-87页

作者： Yuliang Chen Zhien Zhou Yi Zhou Zhipeng Mai Shijie Jin Zhen Liang Zhiyuan Shang Yuzhi Zuo Yu Xiao Wenze Wang Haibo Wang Weigang Yan Department of Urology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics Beijing HospitalNational Centre of GerontologyBeijing 100730China Department of Pathology Peking Union Medical College HospitalChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100730China peking university Clinical Research Institute Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China

Prostate cancer detected by autopsy is named latent prostate *** the repertoire of clinical prostate cancer,latent cancer may better reflect the disease *** clinical prostate specimens,which are obtained exclusively from biopsy-positive cases,prostate specimens obtained through autopsy provide information on biopsy-negative cases,helping calculate the true sensitivity of prostate *** 2014 to 2021,we collected autopsy specimens of the prostate from body donors in China and performed transperineal and transrectal biopsies on specimens before step-sectioning and pathological *** found that the crude prevalence of latent prostate cancer in middle-aged and elderly men was 35.1%(81/231),which was higher than previous estimates for Chinese *** overall per-patient sensitivities of transperineal and transrectal biopsies were not significantly different(33.3%vs.32.1%,p=0.82),but the two approaches differed in preferential sampling area along the proximal-distal axis of the *** biopsy had a higher sensitivity for detecting clinically significant lesions in the distal third(34.7%vs.16.3%,p=0.02)and distal half(30.6%vs.18.1%,p=0.04),while transrectal biopsy had a higher sensitivity for lesions in the proximal half(25.0%vs.13.9%,p=0.046).Both transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy missed most small lesions(0.5 mL).In conclusion,the prevalence of latent prostate cancer in China has increased over the past 2 *** transperineal and transrectal methods of biopsy had comparable sensitivities but had different preferential sampling *** approaches miss one-third of large lesions.

关键词： biopsy prevalence latent

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