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Identification of speckle-type POZ protein somatic mutations in African American prostate cancer

Asian Journal of Andrology 2014年第6期16卷 829-832页

作者： Eric Buckles Chiping Qian Andrew Tadros Sumana Majumdar Jennifer Cvitanovic Jovanny Zabaleta John Estrada John Wilson Wanguo Liu department of Biology School of Science Technology Engineering and Mathematics Dillard University New Orleans LA USA New Orleans LA USA department of Genetics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA Stanley S. Scott Cancer Center Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA Biospecimen Core Laboratory Louisiana Cancer Research Consortium New Orleans LA USA department of Pediatrics Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center New Orleans LA USA.

The speckle-type POZ protein （SPOP） is a tumor suppressor in prostate cancer （PCa）. SPOP somatic mutations have been reported in up to 15% of PCa of those of European descent. However, the genetic roles of SPOP in African American （AA）-PCa are currently unknown. We sequenced the SPOP gene to identify somatic mutations in 49 AA prostate tumors and identified three missense mutations （p.Y87C, p.F102S, and p.G111E） in five AA prostate tumors （10%） and one synonymous variant （p.11061） in one tumor. Intriguingly, all of mutations and variants clustered in exon six, and all of the mutations altered conserved amino acids. Moreover, two mutations （p.F102S and p.G111E） have only been identified in AA-PCa to date. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed a lower level of SPOP expression in tumors carrying SPOP mutations than their matched normal prostate tissues. In addition, SPOP mutations and novel variants were detected in 5 of 27 aggressive PCa and one of 22 less aggressive PCa （P 〈 0.05）. Further studies with increased sample size are needed to validate the clinicopathological significance of these SPOP mutations in AA-PCa.

关键词： African American mutation analysis prostate cancer speckle-type POZ protein

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Determining Optimal Strategies to Reduce Maternal and Child Mortality in Rural Areas in Western China: an Assessment Using the Lives Saved Tool

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2015年第8期28卷 606-610页

作者： JIANG Zhen GUO Sufang Robert W.SCHERPBIER WEN Chun Mei XU Xiao Chao GUO Yan School of Public health Peking University Chinese Center of Disease Control and Prevention United Nations Children’s Fund China Office World health Organization China Office department of Maternal and Child health Ministry of Health and Family Planning of China

China, as a whole, is about to meet the Millennium Development Goals for reducing the maternal mortality ratio (MMR) and infant mortality rate (IMR), but the disparities between rural area and urban area still exists. This study estimated the potential effectiveness of expanding coverage with high impact interventions using the Lives Saved Tool (LiST). It was found that gestational hypertension, antepartum and postpartum hemorrhage, preterm birth, neonatal asphyxia, and neonatal childhood pneumonia and diarrhea are still the major killers of mothers and children in rural area in China. It was estimated that 30% of deaths among 0-59 month old children and 25% of maternal deaths in 2008 could be prevented in 2015 if primary health care intervention coverage expanded to a feasible level. The LiST death cause framework, compared to data from the Maternal and Child Mortality Surveillance System, represents 60%-80% of neonatal deaths, 40%-50% of deaths in 1-59 month old children and 40%-60% of maternal deaths in rural areas of western China.

关键词： rate Li an Assessment Using the Lives Saved Tool Determining Optimal Strategies to Reduce Maternal and Child Mortality in Rural Areas in Western China

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Inequality and workforce development in the post-COVID-19 environment:The case of Maine

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Economic and Political Studies 2023年第2期11卷 211-233页

作者： Thomas F.Remington department of Government Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA department of Political Science Emory UniversityAtlantaGAUSA International Centre for the Study of Institutions and Development National Research University Higher School of EconomicsMoscowRussia

The article analyses the interaction between the COVID-19 pandemic and social inequality in the United States,taking the state of Maine as a case *** pandemic has revealed the effects of high economic inequality on public health in the United States,where in comparison to most developed capitalist democracies,the health care system is expensive,inefficient,and highly skewed in quality and ***,for industries that were already losing jobs,the pandemic has accelerated a painful transition and intensified the harsh social and economic consequences of high and rising inequality,especially for low-wage *** case of Maine underscores the point that policies aimed at reducing the disparities in the distribution of income,health care,education,and opportunity will reduce inequality,protect public health,and stimulate economic growth.

关键词： Maine COVID-19 pandemic inequality skill formation workforce development

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How socioeconomic status affected the access to health facilities and malaria diagnosis in children under five years:findings from 19 sub-Saharan African countries

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2023年第2期12卷 127-127页

作者： Yue Ge Di Liang Jun Cao Roland Gosling Vivian Mushi Jiayan Huang School of Public health Global Health Institute Fudan University Shanghai China Key Laboratory of National health Commission on Parasitic Disease Control and Prevention Key Laboratory of Jiangsu Province on Parasite and Vector Control Technology Jiangsu Institute of Parasitic Diseases Wuxi China department of Disease Control London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine London UK department of Parasitology and Medical Entomology Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences Dar es Salaam Tanzania

Background Prompt and appropriate clinical management of malaria is critical for reducing the continued high burden of malaria among children under five years in sub-Saharan ***,more remains to be known about how a patient’s socioeconomic status(SES)would affect the access to diagnosis of *** In this cross-sectional study using the Demographic and health Survey and Malaria Indicators Survey,we pooled the data of 38,567 febrile under-five children in 2016–2018 from 19 sub-Saharan *** logistic regression was used to assess the associations between SES and two binary outcomes:the visit to a health facility and a blood test for *** analyses were further conducted by the type of health facilities(public hospitals/public primary healthcare facilities/private hospitals/private primary healthcare facilities)for the latter *** Fifty-eight percent of the febrile children were taken to health facilities,among whom only 55%took blood *** to children from households in the highest wealth quintile,children in the lowest quintile were less likely to be taken to medical facilities[adjusted odds ratio(aOR)=0.775,95%confidence interval(CI):0.675–0.889].Parents with more than secondary education were more likely to seek care(aOR=1.830,95%CI:1.561–2.145)and to have blood tests(aOR=1.729,95%CI:1.436–2.082)for their febrile children than parents without formal *** probabilities of receiving blood tests at public hospitals and public primary healthcare facilities stayed relatively high across parental education levels and wealth quintiles,while these probabilities remained the lowest at private primary healthcare facilities,ranging from 0.100(95%CI:0.074–0.127)to 0.139(95%CI:0.083–0.194)across parental education levels and from 0.104(95%CI:0.078–0.130)to 0.125(95%CI:0.090–0.160)across wealth *** Significant socioeconomic disparities existed both in the access to health facilities

关键词： Malaria diagnosis Children under five years of age Socioeconomic status healthcare facility Sub-Saharan Africa

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disparities in employment outcomes among critical care graduates with different training backgrounds

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Emergency and Critical Care Medicine 2023年第4期3卷 163-170页

作者： Greg J.Eisinger Patrick J.Sylvester Dheeraj Duggineni David P.Way Jing Peng Jiang Ma Jennifer W.McCallister Matthew C.Exline Division of Pulmonary Critical Care and Sleep Medicine Department of Internal MedicineThe Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA Team health KnoxvilleTNUSA department of Emergency Medicine The Ohio State University Wexner Medical CenterColumbusOHUSA department of Biomedical Informatics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Background:We sought to characterize the impact of critical care training pathways on subsequent employment ***:A survey assessing the postfellowship work environment and barriers to employment in a preferred setting was electronically distributed on September 16,2019,to program directors and coordinators at all US adult critical care fellowships with instructions to for-ward it to the prior year’s ***:Data collection was interrupted by the coronavirus disease 2019 ***-nine participants were included,reflecting a low rate of *** worked in urban areas(76.6%)at academic hospitals(81.7%).Graduates of internal medicine critical care(IMCC)were more likely than pulmonary critical care(PCC)to report their fellowship as a barrier to employment(50%vs 0%;P<0.05).Emergency medicine graduates were more likely than internal medicine to report their residency as a barrier to employment(83.3%vs 4.6%;P<0.05).Inability to find a desired position at an academic center(50%vs 5.9%;P<0.05)and in the preferred metropolitan setting(37.5%vs 0%;P<0.05)were more common among IMCC than ***:In this survey of critical care graduates,residency in emergency medicine and fellowship in IMCC were associated with in-creased barriers to finding desired employment.

关键词： Bias Critical care Critical care workforce Employment medicine Employment barriers Employment opportunities Fellowship training Job market Residency training

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Hesitant adopters:COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among diverse vaccinated adults in the United States

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Infectious Medicine 2023年第2期2卷 89-95页

作者： Sharon Reece Sheena CarlLee Aaron J.Scott Don E.Willis Brett Rowland Kristin Larsen Ijanae Holman-Allgood Pearl A.McElfish College of Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestFayettevilleAR 72703USA Office of Community health and research University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestSpringdaleAR 72703USA College of Medicine University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences NorthwestSpringdaleAR 72703USA

Background:Despite the United States(US)having an abundant supply of COVID-19 vaccines,vaccination rates lag behind other high-income countries,suggesting that vaccine hesitancy and attitudes play a greater role in public health measures than pure supply and *** the acknowledgment that vaccination attitudes and status may or may not be correlated,this study examined COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among vaccinated US adults by asking:(1)What is the prevalence of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the vaccinated?(2)Does COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy vary across sociodemographic characteristics?(3)Does COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy vary by healthcare access and influenza vaccination over the past 5 years?Methods:Data were collected through an online survey of 2022 US adults with a final analytic sample of 1383 vaccinated ***:Overall,48.8%of vaccinated adults reported some level of hesitancy,while a slight majority reported they were“not at all hesitant”.Younger respondents,women,and Black and American Indian or Alaska Native participants had greater adjusted odds of being more hesitant towards receiving the COVID-19 ***-dents who had a primary care physician had greater adjusted odds than those who did not have a primary care physician of being more hesitant towards receiving the COVID-19 ***:This is the first population-based national sample study examining COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among vaccinated individuals from subgroups of distinctive backgrounds in order to inform targeted strategies for reducing vaccine *** can assist in efforts to increase vaccination rates and also decrease vaccine hesitancy at the national level.

关键词： COVID-19 vaccine Vaccine hesitancy Hesitant adopters US adults

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Analysis of Funding Allocated to the Fight against HIV/AIDS in the Democratic Republic of Congo from 2008 to 2017

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2022年第1期12卷 24-37页

作者： Marc Saba Aliocha Nkodila Jean Paul Divengi Benjamin Longo-Mbenza Catholic University of Congo Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo department of Family Medicine and Primary health Care Protestant University Congo Democratic Republic of Congo department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology Lomo University of Research Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo department of Internal Medicine University Simon Kimbangu Congo Democratic Republic of Congo department of Internal Medicine University of Kinshasa Kinshasa Democratic Republic of Congo

On the basis of the documentary analysis and interview, we noted that the total funds in the four interventions whose identified axes made it possible to know how the resources mobilized for the AIDS response were distributed during the period of 2008 to 2017. These funds are distributed as follows: Treatment: 1,016,982,472 USD;Prevention: 302,542,391 USD;Governance: 459,246,584 USD;Mitigation of the impact: 115,757,443 USD. It should be noted that the analysis of resource allocations by component during the period 2008 to 2017 reveals significant disparities. Indeed, it was noted that the treatment component has received significant funding compared to the other components. It is followed by governance, prevention and impact mitigation which happens to be the component that received less funding compared to the other four (4) components.

关键词： Funding Response HIV/AIDS DRC

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Integration of community health workers into health systems in developing countries:Opportunities and challenges

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Family Medicine and Community health 2016年第1期4卷 37-45页

作者： Collins Otieno Asweto Mohamed Ali Alzain Sebastian Andrea Rachel Alexander Wei Wang School of Public health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina School of health Sciences Great Lakes University of KisumuKenya Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology BeijingChina Community Medicine department Faculty of Medicine and Health SciencesUniversity of DongolaSudan Systems and Intervention research Centre for health School of Medical SciencesEdith Cowan UniversityPerthWAAustralia

Background:Developing countries have the potential to reach vulnerable and underserved populations marginalized by the country’s health care systems by way of community health work-ers(CHWs).It is imperative that health care systems focus on improving access to quality continu-ous primary care through the use of CHWs while paying attention to the factors that impact on CHWs and their ***:To explore the possible opportunities and challenges of integrating CHWs into the health care systems of developing ***:Six databases were examined for quantitative,qualitative,and mixed-methods stud-ies that included the integration of CHWs,their motivation and supervision,and CHW policy making and implementation in developing ***-three studies met the inclusion criteria and were double read to extract data relevant to the context of CHW *** coding was conducted and evidence on the main categories of contextual factors influencing integration of CHWs into the health system was ***:CHWs are an effective and appropriate element of a health care team and can assist in addressing health disparities and social determinants of *** facilitators of integration of CHWs into health care teams are support from other health workers and inclusion of CHWs in case management *** integration of CHWs into the health care system requires the formulation and implementation of polices that support their work,as well as financial and nonfinancial incentives,motivation,collaborative and supportive supervision,and a manageable ***:For sustainable integration of CHWs into health care systems,high-performing health systems with sound governance,adequate financing,well-organized service delivery,and adequate supplies and equipment are ***,competent communities could contrib-ute to better CHW performance through sound governance of community resources,promotion of inclus

关键词： Community health workers health care systems and policy supportive supervi-sion developing countries

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Current status of disparity in liver disease

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第11期14卷 1940-1952页

作者： Tomoki Sempokuya Josh Warner Muaataz Azawi Akane Nogimura Linda L Wong Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Department of Internal MedicineUniversity of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States department of Internal Medicine University of Nebraska Medical CenterOmahaNE 68198United States Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Sanford Center for Digestive HealthSioux Falls 57105SDUruguay department of Public health Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya 467-8601AichiJapan Division of Psychiatry and Cognitive-Behavioral Medicine Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical SciencesNagoya 467-8601AichiJapan department of Surgery John A.Burns School of MedicineUniversity of Hawaii at ManoaHonoluluHI 96813United States

disparities have emerged as an important issue in many aspects of healthcare in developed countries and may be based on race,ethnicity,sex,geographical location,and socioeconomic *** liver disease specifically,these potential disparities can affect access to care and outcome in viral hepatitis,chronic liver disease,and hepatocellular *** in hepatologists and medical providers versed in liver disease may amplify these disparities by compromising early detection of liver disease,surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma,and prompt referral to subspecialists and transplant *** the United States,continued efforts have been made to address some of these disparities with better education of healthcare providers,use of telehealth to enhance access to specialists,reminders in electronic medical records,and modifying organ allocation systems for liver *** review will detail the current status of disparities in liver disease and describe current efforts to minimize these disparities.

关键词： Disparity Transplant Race Age Gender Hepatitis

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Gender medicine:Lessons from COVID-19 and other medical conditions for designing health policy

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2020年第17期8卷 3645-3668页

作者： Yossy Machluf Yoram Chaiter Orna Tal Shamir research Institute University of HaifaKazerin 1290000Israel The Israeli Center for Emerging Technologies in Hospitals and Hospital-based health Technology Assessment Shamir(Assaf Harofeh)Medical CenterZerifin 7030100Israel Shamir(Assaf Harofeh)Medical Center Affiliated to the Sackler Faculty of MedicineTel Aviv UniversityZerifin 7030100Israel department of Management Program of Public Health and Health System AdministrationBar Ilan UniversityRamat Gan 5290002Israel

Gender-specific differences in the prevalence,incidence,comorbidities,prognosis,severity,risk factors,drug-related aspects and outcomes of various medical conditions are well *** present a literature review on the extent to which research in this field has developed over the years,and reveal gaps in gender-sensitive awareness between the clinical portrayal and the translation into gender-specific treatment regimens,guidelines and into gender-oriented preventive strategies and health ***,through the lens of gender,we describe these domains in detail for four selected medical conditions:Asthma,obesity and overweight,chronic kidney disease and coronavirus disease *** some of the key gender differences become more apparent during adolescence,we focus on this developmental ***,we propose a model which is based on three influential issues:(1)Investigating gender-specific medical profiles of related health conditions,rather than a single disease;(2)The dynamics of gender disparities across developmental stages;and(3)An integrative approach which takes into account additional risk factors(ethnicity,socio-demographic variables,minorities,lifestyle habits etc.).Increasing the awareness of gender-specific medicine in daily practice and in tailored guidelines,already among adolescents,may reduce inequities,facilitate the prediction of future trends and properly address the characteristics and needs of certain subpopulations within each gender.

关键词： Gender medicine Adolescent health Model Risk factors Guidelines and policy Asthma COVID-19 Obesity Chronic kidney disease

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