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The Combination of Achnatherum inebrians Extracts and Soil Microorganisms Inhibited Seed Germination and Seedling Growth in Elymus nutans

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2024年第3期93卷 567-580页

作者： Rui Zhang Taixiang Chen Zhenjiang Chen Hao Chen Xuekai Wei Malik Kamran Chunjie Li State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Animal Husbandry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland AgricultureMinistry of EducationWest Gansu Province Prataculture Technology Innovation CenterCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou730020China Center for grassland research National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationCaFBeijing100091China

In a greenhouse experiment,the effects of soil microorganisms and extracts of Achnatherum inebrians on the seed germination and seedling growth of Elymus nutans were *** results showed that both the extracts from aboveground and belowground parts of *** signiﬁcantly inhibited the germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling height,root length,and fresh weight of ***,but increased malondialdehyde content,catalase,peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity of *** seedlings(p<0.05).The allelopathy of aqueous extracts of the aboveground parts of *** was stronger than that of the *** extracts of the aboveground parts of *** decreased seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,root length,and seedling fresh weight by 10.45%-74.63%,24.18%-32.50%,19.03%-73.36%,37.83%-88.41%,21.42%-53.14%,2.65%-40.21%,and 20.45%-61.36%,respectively,and malondialdehyde content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity increased by 8.09%-62.24%,27.83%-86.47%,22.90%-93.17%,and 11.15%-75.91%,*** above indexes were higher in live soil than in sterilized *** microorganisms increased the allelopathy of *** seed germination rate,germination potential,germination index,vigor index,seedling length,and seedling fresh weight of *** planted in live soil decreased by 8.22%-48.48%,10.00%-51.85%,8.19%-53.26%,16.43%-60.03%,12.91%-28.81%,and 9.09%-22.86%compared with sterilized soil,*** content,peroxidase,catalase,and superoxide dismutase activity of *** planted in live soil increased by 53.91%-81.06%,15.71%-57.34%,33.33%-86.31%,and 9.78%-52.51%compared with sterilized soil,*** existence of soil microorganisms enhanced the allelopathy of the secondary metabolites of ***.A combination of microorganisms and aqueous extracts from the aboveground parts of *** had the s

关键词： Achnatherum inebrians water immersion liquid aqueous leachate precipitate allelopathy Elymus nutans soil microorganisms

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Whole-genome resequencing of Hu sheep identifies candidate genes associated with agronomic traits

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2024年第8期51卷 866-876页

作者： Liming Zhao Lvfeng Yuan Fadi Li Xiaoxue Zhang Huibin Tian Zongwu Ma Deyin Zhang Yukun Zhang Yuan Zhao Kai Huang Xiaolong Li Jiangbo Cheng Dan Xu Xiaobin Yang Kunchao Han Xiuxiu Weng Weimin Wang State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and grassland Agro-Ecosystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansu 730020China Lanzhou Veterinary research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesLanzhouGansu 730046China College of animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansu 730070China

The phenotypic diversity resulting from artificial or natural selection of sheep has made a significant contribution to human *** sheep are a local sheep breed unique to China with high reproductive rates and rapid *** selection signatures have been widely used to investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation in ***,we conduct whole-genome sequencing of 207 Hu sheep and compare them with the wild ancestors of domestic sheep(Asiatic mouflon)to investigate the genetic characteristics and selection signatures of Hu *** on six signatures of selection approaches,we detect genomic regions containing genes related to reproduction(BMPR1B,BMP2,PGFS,CYP19,CAMK4,GGT5,and GNAQ),vision(ALDH1A2,SAG,and PDE6B),nervous system(NAV1),and immune response(GPR35,SH2B2,PIK3R3,and HRAS).Association analysis with a population of 1299 Hu sheep reveals that those missense mutations in the GPR35(GPR35 g.952651 A>G;GPR35 g.952496 C>T)and NAV1(NAV1 g.84216190 C>T;NAV1 g.84227412 G>A)genes are significantly associated(Presearch offers unique insights into the selection characteristics of Hu sheep and facilitates further genetic improvement and molecular investigations.

关键词： Hu sheep Whole-genome resequencing Selection signature GPR35 NAV1 Single nucleotide polymorphism

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Application of a simplified ADM1 for full-scale anaerobic co-digestion of cattle slurry and grass silage:assessment of input variability

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2024年第4期18卷 125-139页

作者： Sofia Tisocco Sören Weinrich Gary Lyons Michael Wills Xinmin Zhan Paul Crosson Civil Engineering College of Science and EngineeringUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland teagasc animal and Bioscience research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreDunsanyC15 PW93Ireland Biochemical Conversion Department Deutsches Biomasseforschungszentrum gemeinnützige GmbHLeipzig 04347Germany Faculty of Energy·Building Services·Environmental Engineering Münster University of Applied SciencesSteinfurt 48565Germany Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute HillsboroughBT266DRUK Ryan Institute University of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland MaREI research centre for Energy Climate and MarineRyan InstituteUniversity of GalwayGalwayH91 TK33Ireland

Mathematical modeling of anaerobic digestion is a powerful tool to predict gas yields and optimize the *** Anaerobic Digestion Model No.1(ADM1)is a widely implemented model for this ***,modeling full-scale biogas plants is challenging due to the extensive substrate and parameter characterization *** study describes the modification of the ADM1 through a simplification of individual process phases,characteristic components and required ***,the ability of the simplified model to simulate the co-digestion of grass silage and cattle slurry was evaluated using data from a full-scale biogas *** impacts of substrate composition(crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration)and variability of carbohydrate degradability on simulation results were assessed to identify the most influential *** indicated that the simplified version was able to depict biogas and biomethane production with average model efficiencies,according to the Nash-Sutcliffe efficiency(NSE)coefficient,of 0.70 and 0.67,respectively,and was comparable to the original ADM1(average model efficiencies of 0.71 and 0.63,respectively).The variability of crude carbohydrate,protein and lipid concentration did not significantly impact biogas and biomethane output for the data sets *** contrast,carbohydrate degradability seemed to explain much more of the variability in the biogas and methane ***,the application of simplified models provides a reliable basis for the process simulation and optimization of full-scale agricultural biogas plants.

关键词： ADM1 Agricultural feedstocks Biogas technology Input variability Parameter estimation

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Dynamic changes of rumen microbiota and serum metabolome revealed increases in meat quality and growth performances of sheep fed bio‑fermented rice straw

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1207-1226页

作者： Yin Yin Kyawt Min Aung Yao Xu Zhanying Sun Yaqi Zhou Weiyun Zhu Varijakshapanicker Padmakumar Zhankun Tan Yanfen Cheng Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Microbiology National Center for International Research on Animal Gut NutritionNanjing Agricultural UniversityNanjing 210095China Department of animal Nutrition University of Veterinary ScienceNay Pyi Taw 15013Myanmar International Livestock research Institute Nairobi 00100Kenya College of animal Science Tibet Academy of Agricultural and Animal Husbandry SciencesLhasa 850000China State Key Laboratory of grassland Agro‑Ecosystems Center for Grassland MicrobiomeCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China

Background Providing high-quality roughage is crucial for improvement of ruminant production because it is an essential component of their *** previous study showed that feeding bio-fermented rice straw(BF)improved the feed intake and weight gain of ***,it remains unclear why feeding BF to sheep increased their feed intake and weight ***,the purposes of this research were to investigate how the rumen micro-biota and serum metabolome are dynamically changing after feeding BF,as well as how their changes influence the feed intake,digestibility,nutrient transport,meat quality and growth performances of *** growing Hu sheep were allocated into 3 groups:alfalfa hay fed group(AH:positive control),rice straw fed group(RS:negative control)and BF fed group(BF:treatment).Samples of rumen content,blood,rumen epithelium,muscle,feed offered and refusals were collected for the subsequent *** Feeding BF changed the microbial community and rumen fermentation,particularly increasing(P<0.05)relative abundance of Prevotella and propionate production,and decreasing(P<0.05)enteric methane *** histomorphology(height,width,area and thickness)of rumen papillae and gene expression for carbohydrate trans-port(MCT1),tight junction(claudin-1,claudin-4),and cell proliferation(CDK4,Cyclin A2,Cyclin E1)were improved(P<0.05)in sheep fed ***,serum metabolome was also dynamically changed,which led to up-regulating(P<0.05)the primary bile acid biosynthesis and biosynthesis of unsaturated fatty acid in sheep fed *** a result,the higher(P<0.05)feed intake,digestibility,growth rate,feed efficiency,meat quality and mono-unsaturated fatty acid concentration in muscle,and the lower(P<0.05)feed cost per kg of live weight were achieved by feeding *** Feeding BF improved the growth performances and meat quality of sheep and reduced their feed ***,bio-fermentation of rice straw could be an innovative way for improving rum

关键词： Bio-fermentation Growth rate Meat quality Metabolome Microbiota Rice straw

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First complete genomic sequence analysis of canine distemper virus in wild boar

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第4期39卷 702-704页

作者： Tong Wang Haiying Du Na Feng Yuhang Liu Yu Xu Heting Sun Peng Peng Siyuan Qin Xiaotian Zhang Yan Liu Mingyuan Yu Hongrui Liang Biao He Guoqiang Zhu Changchun Tu Zhongzhong Tu Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for the Prevention and Control of Important animal Infectious Disease and Zoonoses Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Changchun Veterinary research Institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesChangchun 130122China Biological Disaster Control and Prevention Center National Forestry and Grassland AdministrationShenyang 110034China

Dear Editor,Canine distemper virus(CDV)is the causal agent of a highly contagious viral infectious disease that affects domestic and wild carnivores *** is an enveloped,non-segmented negative sense RNA virus that belongs to the Morbillivirus genus in Paramyxoviridae family,which contains viruses of epidemiological relevance to humans and *** on the variability of the hemagglutinin gene(H),CDV strains have been at least 21 major genetic lineages:America-1 to America-5,Canada-1 and-2,Asia-1 to Asia-6,Europe wild-life,Arctic,Africa-1/South Africa,Africa-2,South America-1 to South America-3 and Rockborn-like(Giacinti et al.,2022).Mutations in the binding sites of the H protein,which interact with viral entry receptors such as signaling lymphocytic activation molecule(SLAM)and nectin-4,are associated with the emergence of the disease in new host species(Beineke et al.,2015).

关键词： distemper Canada globally

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Blastoids generated purely from embryonic stem cells both in mice and humans

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 418-420页

作者： Baojiang Wu Yanqiu Wang Jia Yan Mengya Liu Xihe Li Fuchou Tang Siqin Bao The State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Regulation and Breeding of grassland Livestock Inner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010020China research Center for animal Genetic Resources of Mongolia Plateau College of Life SciencesInner Mongolia UniversityHohhot 010020China Beijing Advanced innovation Center for Genomics and Biomedical Pioneering innovation Center College of Life SciencesPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China Inner Mongolia Saikexing Institute of Breeding and Reproductive Biotechnology in Domestic animal Hohhot 011517China

Dear Editor,Embryonic stem cells(ESCs)and trophoblast stem cells(TSCs)are derived from blastocysts(Lu et al.,2001).Blastocyst-like structures(blastoids)are self-assembled structures formed by a combination of ESCs and TSCs(Rivron et al.,2018).To increase the success rate of blastoid formation and its similarity with the features of blastocysts,some reports showed that blastoid could also be derived from a combination of three cell lines,ESCs,TSCs,and extraembryonic endoderm cells(XENs),or novel type of stem cells(Sozen et al.,2018;Weatherbee et al.,2023:Wu et al.,2023;Zhang et al.,2023;Zhang et al.,2019).

关键词： purely similarity

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An alfalfa MYB-like transcriptional factor MsMYBH positively regulates alfalfa seedling drought resistance and undergoes MsWAV3-mediated degradation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2024年第4期66卷 683-699页

作者： Kun Shi Jia Liu Huan Liang Hongbin Dong Jinli Zhang Yuanhong Wei Le Zhou Shaopeng Wang Jiahao Zhu Mingshu Cao Chris S.Jones Dongmei Ma Zan Wang College of grassland Science and Technology China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China Institute of animal Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193China Agresearch grasslands research centre Palmerston North 4442New Zealand International Livestock research Institute Nairobi 00100Kenya School of Ecology and Environment Ningxia UniversityYinchuan 750021China

Drought is a major threat to alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)*** discovery of important alfalfa genes regulating drought response will facilitate breeding for drought-resistant alfalfa ***,we report a genome-wide association study of drought resistance in *** identified and functionally characterized an MYB-like transcription factor gene(MsMYBH),which increases the drought resistance in *** with the wild-types,the biomass and forage quality were enhanced in MsMYBH overexpressed *** RNA-seq,proteomics and chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis showed that MsMYBH can directly bind to the promoters of MsMCP1,MsMCP2,MsPRX1A and MsCARCAB to improve their *** outcomes of such interactions include better water balance,high photosynthetic efficiency and scavenge excess H_(2)O_(2)in response to ***,an E3 ubiquitin ligase(MsWAV3)was found to induce MsMYBH degradation under long-term drought,via the 26S proteasome ***,variable-number tandem repeats in MsMYBH promoter were characterized among a collection of germplasms,and the variation is associated with promoter ***,our findings shed light on the functions of MsMYBH and provide a pivotal gene that could be leveraged for breeding drought-resistant *** discovery also offers new insights into the mechanisms of drought resistance in alfalfa.

关键词： alfalfa drought resistance E3 ubiquitin ligase MsMYBH MsWAV3 MYB-like transcriptional factor

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Effect of genotype on duodenal expression of nutrient transporter genes in dairy cows

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第2期5卷 145-153页

作者： Sinéad M Waters Kate Keogh Frank Buckley David A Kenny teagasc animal and Bioscience research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo.MeathIreland teagasc animal and Bioscience research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre MooreparkFermoyCo CorkIreland

Background： Studies have shown clear differences between dairy breeds in their feed intake and production efficiencies. The duodenum is critical in the coordination of digestion and absorption of nutrients. This study examined gene transcript abundance of important classes of nutrient transporters in the duodenum of non lactating dairy cows of different feed efficiency potential, namely Holstein-Friesian （HF）, Jersey （JE） and their F1 hybrid. Duodenal epithelial tissue was collected at slaughter and stored at -80℃. Total RNA was extracted from tissue and reverse transcribed to generate cDNA. Gene expression of the following transporters, namely nucleoside amino acid; sugar; mineral; and lipid transporters was measured using quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Data were statistically analysed using mixed models ANOVA in SAS. Orthogonal contrasts were used to test for potential heterotic effects and spearman correlation coefficients calculated to determine potential associations amongst gen, expression values and production efficiency variables. Results： While there were no direct effects of genotype on expression values for any of the genes examined, there was evidence for a heterotic effect （P 〈 0.05） on ABCGS, in the form of increased expression in the F1 genotype compared to either of the two parent breeds. Additionally, a tendency for increased expression of the amino acid transporters, SLC3A1 （P= 0.072）, SLC3A2 （P= 0.081） and SLC6A 14 （P= 0.072） was also evident in the F1 genotype. A negative （P 〈 0.05） association was identified between the expression of the glucose transporter gene SLCSA1 and total lactational milk solids yield, corrected for body weight. Positive correlations （P 〈 0.05） were also observed between the expression values of genes involved in common transporter roles. Conclusion： This study suggests that differences in the expression of sterol and amino acid transporters in the duodenum could contribute towards the documented differences in feed effic

关键词： Bovine Duodenum Gene expression Nutrient transporters

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Process stability and microbial community composition in pig manure and food waste anaerobic co-digesters operated at low HRTs

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017年第3期11卷 53-65页

作者： Conor Dennehy Peadar G. Lawlor Gillian E. Gardiner Yan Jiang Paul Cormican Matthew S. McCabe Xinmin Zhan Department of Civil Engineering College of Engineering and Informatics National University of Ireland Galway Ireland teagasc Pig Development Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Fermoy Ireland Department of Science Waterford Institute of Technology Waterford Ireland teagasc animal and Bioscience research Department Animal and Grassland Research and Innovation Centre Dunsany Meath Ireland

This study assessed the effects of reducing hydraulic retention times （HRTs） from 21 days to 10.5 days when anaerobically co-digesting pig manure and food waste. Continuously stirred tank reactors of 3.75 L working volume were operated in triplicate at 42℃. Digester HRT was progressively decreased from 21 to 15 days to 10.5 days, with an associated increase in organic loading rate （OLR） from 3.1 kg volatile solids （VS）·m^-***^-1 to 5.1 kg VS·m^***-1 to 7.25 kg VS.m^-3·day^-1. Reducing HRT from 21 days to 15 days caused a decrease in specific methane yields and VS removal rates. Operation at a HRT of 10.5 days initially resulted in the accumulation of isobutyric acid in each reactor. High throughput 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed that this increase coincided with a shift in acidogenic bacterial populations, which most likely resulted in the increased isobutyric acid concentrations. This may in turn have caused the increase in relative abundance of Clocamonaceae bacteria, which syntrophically degrade non-acetate volatile fatty acids （VFAs） into H2 and CO2. This, along with the increase in abundance of other syntrophic VFA oxidizers, such as Spiorchatetes, suggests that VFA oxidation plays a role in digester operation at low HRTs. Reducing the HRT to below 21 days compromised the ability of the anaerobic digestion system to reduce enteric indicator organism counts below regulatory limits.

关键词： Biogas Sequencing Clocamonaeeae Spiorchatetes Isobutyrate Biosafety

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Stress and immunological response of heifers divergently ranked for residual feed intake following an adrenocorticotropic hormone challenge

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Journal of animal Science and Biotechnology 2018年第1期9卷 111-118页

作者： A.K.Kelly P.Lawrence B.Earley D.A.Kenny M.McGee School of Agriculture and Food Science College of Health and Agricultural SciencesUniversity College Dublin Livestock Systems research Department teagasc Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreGrangeDunsanyCo. animal and Bioscience research Department Animal&Grassland Research and Innovation CentreTeagascDunsanyCo.

Background： When an animal is exposed to a stressor, metabolic rate, energy consumption and utilisation increase primarily through activation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal（HPA） axis. Changes to partitioning of energy by an animal are likely to influence the efficiency with which it is utilised. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the physiological stress response to an exogenous adrenocorticotropic hormone（ACTH） challenge in beef heifers divergently ranked on phenotypic residual feed intake（RFI）.Results： Data were collected on 34 Simmental weaning beef heifers the progeny of a well characterized and divergently bred RFI suckler beef herd. Residual feed intake was determined on each animal during the postweaning stage over a 91-day feed intake measurement period during which they were individually offered adlibitum grass silage and 2 kg of concentrate per head once daily. The 12 highest [0.34 kg DM/d] and 12 lowest[-0.48 kg DM/d] ranking animals on RFI were selected for use in this study. For the physiological stress challenge heifers（mean age 605 ± 13 d; mean BW 518 ± 31.4 kg） were fitted aseptically with indwelling jugular catheters to facilitate intensive blood collection. The response of the adrenal cortex to a standardised dose of ACTH（1.98 IU/kg metabolic BW^（0.75）） was examined. Serial blood samples were analysed for plasma cortisol, ACTH and haematology variables. Heifers differing in RFI did not differ（P = 0.59） in ACTH concentrations. Concentration of ACTH peaked（P 〈 0.001） in both RFI groups at 20 min post-ACTH administration, following which concentration declined to baseline levels by 150 min. Similarly, cortisol systemic profile peaked at 60 min and concentrations remained continuously elevated for 150 min. A RFI × time interaction was detected for cortisol concentrations（P = 0.06） with high RFI heifers had a greater cortisol response than Low RFI from 40 min to 150 min relative to ACTH administration. Cortisol response was positively assoc

关键词： Beef cattle Cortisol Feed efficiency Residual feed intake Stress response

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