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Oyster is an effective transmission vehicle for Cryptosporidium infection in human

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2016年第6期9卷 544-547页

作者： Chantira Sutthikornchai Supaluk Popruk Kamlang Chumpolbanchorn Woraporn Sukhumavasi Yaowalark Sukthana Department of Protozoology Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University Mahidol university International College Parasitology Unit Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Science Chulalongkorn University

Objective: To determine the ability of oysters to trap and maintain viable Cryptosporidium oocysts, and the feasibility of Cryptosporidium multiplication in oysters’ organs. Methods: Seventy oysters were raised in experimentally seeded natural seawater for up to 3 months, with weekly oocysts inoculations. Cryptosporidium oocysts, viable and non-viable, as well as other stages were detected using two immunofluorescence vital staining techniques(SporoGlo and Merifluor~) with confocal microscopy. Viability rate at various times after inoculations were calculated. Results: Cryptosporidium oocysts were found most concentrated in oysters’ digestive organs than in gill and water inside the oysters. Oocysts numbers were 857.33 at 24 h after inoculation and strikingly decreased to 243.00 and 126.67 oocysts at 72 h and 7 days, respectively. The oocysts in oyster were also less viable over time; 70%, 60% and 30% viable at 24 hrs, 72 hrs and 7days after inoculation, respectively. At 77 days, the number of oocysts was very low and none was found at 84 days onwards. Although some oocysts were ruptured with released sporozoites, there was no evidence throughout the study of sporozoites multiplication to indicate that oyster is a biological host. Despite the significant reduction in oocysts number after 7 days of inoculation, the remained viable oocysts can still cause cryptosporidiosis. Conclusion: The findings confirm that Cryptosporidium parvum does not multiply in oyster, and is therefore not a biological host. nevertheless, the results suggest that oyster can be an effective transmission vehicle for Cryptosporidium oocysts, especially within 24-72 h of contamination, with viable oocysts present at up to 7 days post infection. Unless consuming well-cooked oyster dishes, eating raw oyster remains a public health concern and at least 3 days of depuration in clean sea water prior to consumption is recommended.

关键词： Cryptosporidium Oysters IFAT Crassostrea belcheri

Effects of concomitant diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism on testicular and epididymal histoarchitecture and steroidogenesis in male animals

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Journal of Zhejiang university-science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2016年第11期17卷 850-863页

作者： nazar Ali KOREJO Quan-wei WEI Atta Hussain SHAH Fang-xiong SHI Laboratory of Animal Reproduction College of Animal Science and Technology Nanjing Agricultural University faculty of Animal Husbandry and veterinary sciences Sindh Agriculture University Tandojam

This study evaluated the effects of comorbid disorders of diabetes and hyperthyroidism in the adult male mice. In total, 32 ICR strain mice were equally distributed into four groups： control （C）, diabetic （D）, diabetic-plus- hyperthyroid （DH）, and hyperthyroid （H）. Mice allocated for diabetes received a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin （STZ） at 200 mg/kg body weight. At the onset of diabetes, one group of mice was concomitantly injected levothyroxine （LT4; 0.3 mg/kg body weight） and the other set of animals received the same treatment independently on a daily basis. The body weight, as well as the testicular and epididymal weights, was reduced markedly in D and DH mice. Higher trends of blood glucose levels were seen in the DH group, in comparison to euthyroid diabetic mice. Thyroid hormones could exert a transient effect on blood glucose homeostasis by altering the serum blood glucose level in diabetic patients. Histomorphometric analysis showed increased luminal sizes of seminiferous tubules, along with decreased epithelial height and atrophic changes in germinal stem cells in the testis of DH and H mice. Caput epididymis of DH mice showed extensive compaction of principal cells, loss of stereocilia, lipid vacuolization, and inflammatory infiltrations; however, damaged tubular integrity, packed clear cells, exfoliated cells, and round sperma- tids were profoundly noticed in the cauda epididymis. Hyperthyroidism elevated the serum testosterone levels in H and DH mice and produced critical damages to the histoarchitecture of the epididymis. Collectively, this experiment en- deavored to mimic the polyglandular autoimmune syndrome, which will be helpful to better understand the reasons for male infertility in diabetic-cum-hyperthyroid patients.

关键词： Diabetes Hyperthyroidism Testicular and epididymal morphology

Determining the IgG concentrations in bovine colostrum and calf sera with a novel enzymatic assay

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Journal of Animal science and Biotechnology 2019年第1期10卷 239-247页

作者： M.Drikic C.Windeyer S.Olsen Y.Fu L.Doepel J.De Buck Department Production Animal Health Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Calgary

Background: Immune protection in newborn calves relies on a combination of the timing,volume and quality of colostrum consumed by the calf after *** quality colostrum with inadequate immunoglobulin concentration contributes to failed transfer of passive immunity in calves,leading to higher calf morbidity and ***,estimating colostrum quality and ensuring the transfer of passive immunity on farm is of critical ***,there are no on-farm tools that directly measure immunoglobulin content in colostrum or *** aim of this study was to apply a novel molecular assay,split trehalase immunoglobulin G assay(STIGA),to directly estimate immunoglobulin content in dairy and beef colostrum and calf sera,and to examine its potential to be developed as on-farm *** STIGA is based on a split version of trehalase TreA,an enzyme that converts trehalose into glucose,enabling the use of a common glucometer for signal *** a first study,60 dairy and64 beef colostrum and 83 dairy and 84 beef calf sera samples were tested with STIGA,and the resulting glucose production was measured and compared with radial immunodiffusion,the standard method for measuring immunoglobulin ***: Pearson correlation coefficients between the methods were determined and the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy of the test were calculated for different colostrum quality and failed transfer of passive immunity cut-off *** correlations of the STIGA measured by colorimetric enzymatic reaction compared to radial immunodiffusion for dairy and beef colostrum were 0.72 and 0.73,respectively,whereas the correlations for dairy and beef sera were 0.9 and 0.85,***,STIGA was tested in a blinded study with fresh colostrum and serum samples where the correlation coefficient was 0.93 and 0.94,***,the performance of STIGA followed by glucometer readings resulted in correlations with radial immunodiffusion of 0.7 and

关键词： Cattle Colostrum Immunoglobulins Passive immunity Radial immunodiffusion Split trehalase

C-glycosyl flavonoid orientin alleviates learning and memory impairment by radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in mice via improving antioxidant defence mechanism

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第12期9卷 518-523页

作者： Isaac O.Akefe Ibrahim L.Yusuf Victoria A.Adegoke Department of Physiology Biochemistry and PharmacologyFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of JosNigeria Department of veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology University of MaiduguriNigeria Department of science and Laboratory Technology Ekiti State UniversityNigeria

Objective: To investigate the antioxidant efficacy of oral orientin on 900 MHz radiofrequencyelectromagnetic radiation-induced oxidative stress in ***: The mice were randomly allotted into 5 groups consisting of 7 mice each. The deionised water and radiofrequency electromagnetic radiations(RF-EMR) groups were administered with deionised water while orientin was administered to the RF-EMR + low dose of orientin group(10 mg/kg), RF-EMR + high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg) and high dose of orientin group(20 mg/kg). All the groups except deionised water and high dose groups were exposed to 900 MHz radiofrequency-electromagnetic radiation for 28 consecutive days(1 h/day). Learning and memory was assessed via the step-down inhibitory avoidance task. Activities of lipid prexidation and antioxidant enzymes were measured using ***: Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation caused impairment in learning and memory and reduced activities of brain antioxidant enzymes, increased lipoperoxidation and corticosterone concentration as well as histopathological aberrations in the hippocampal tissues. Conversely, orientin alleviated learning and memory deficit, improved the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes and mitigated brain lipoperoxidation and neuronal degeneration in mice exposed to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation. Conclusions: Orientin alleviates learning and memory impairment due to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation in mice by improving antioxidant defence mechanism and may be considered as a promising therapeutic agent for improving the antioxidant system of people living in radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation-prone environment.

关键词： Orientin Antioxidants Radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation Mice Oxidative stress

Molecular detection of Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma ovis in sheep and goat in west highland pasture of Iran

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2017年第5期7卷 455-459页

作者： Ali Yousefi Sadegh Rahbari Parviz Shayan Zainab Sadeghi-dehkordi Alireza Bahonar Department of Microbiology Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad University Department of Parasitology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Tehran Department of Parasitology Faculty of Paraveterinary MedicineBu-Ali Sina University Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of Tehran

Objective:To determine the prevalence of Anaplasma marginale(***) and Anaplasma ovis from sheep and goat in different highland pasture in west of ***:From July 2015 to October 2015,370 blood samples of sheep and goat were collected from different regions in Hamedan province,*** DnA extracted from blood and subsequently,16 S r RnA and MSP4 genes were analyzed by nested-PCR,semi nested-PCR and RFLP ***:In the PCR assessment,overall 27.5%(102/370) of sheep and goat were positive for Anaplasma ovis and *** infection,which was lower than reports from tropical and subtropical regions of *** analysis(the Chi-square test) did not show any significant relation between infection and variables such as location,tick infestation age and sex(P > 0.05).no significant correlation between the altitude and the Anaplasma species infection was found(Mann–Whitney test:P > 0.05).However,Anaplasma infection in goat significantly is more than the sheep(P = 0.008).Conclusions:The ecological changes affect the frequency and distribution of Anaplasma ***,our results indicate that sheep as potential reservoirs of ***.

关键词： Anaplasma PCR Sheep Goat Iran

Reformulation of traditional Iranian food(Doeeneh)using probiotics:Bifidobacterium animalis *** BB-12,Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5,Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG,and inulin and its effect on diabetic and non-diabetic rats

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第4期7卷 566-578页

作者： Mahdi AziziShafa Afshin Akhondzadeh Basti Anousheh Sharifan Ali Khanjari Department of Food science and Technology Science and Research BranchIslamic Azad UniversityTehranIran Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran

Objectives:The purposes of this study were to produce novel formulations of Doeeneh using three probiotic strains and different inulin ratios and to investigate the survival of ***,the effect of Doeeneh on the biological properties of non-diabetic and diabetic rats was also *** and Methods:Doeeneh,composed of milk and wheat bulgur,was enriched with different proportions of inulin and fermented by Bifidobacterium animalis *** BB-12(B),Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5(A),Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus LGG(R),and their *** physicochemical and sensory properties and probiotics viability were investigated for 14 *** was induced in albino rats by administration of alloxan monohydrate(150 mg/kg i.p.).Changes in weight and blood glucose were measured weekly,and food and water consumption were measured daily;total cholesterol and triglycerides were measured after 35 d by a biochemical ***:The increased proportion of high-degree of polymerization inulin decreased pH and increased ***,a higher concentration of inulin applied to Doeeneh resulted in a slower decrease in pH *** result can show the buffering effect of inulin in Doeeneh as well;changes in pH were slow over time due to the presence of the buffering ***,the probiotics’survival was in the standard range even in the inulin-free ***,the Doeeneh sample containing 5%inulin(SABR3)considerably reduced the levels of blood glucose,total cholesterol,and triglyceride in diabetic ***,the diabetic rats fed Doeeneh demonstrated less weight loss and food/water intake than the ***:Traditional foods and their preparation methods are a suitable target for the development of health-oriented products,and functional food with nutraceutical capabilities can be designed and produced based on them.

关键词： Synbiotics traditional food probiotics prebiotics functional food nutraceutical buffer effect biological properties

The potential of rapid visco-analysis starch pasting profiles to gauge the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production

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Animal nutrition 2017年第1期3卷 11-18页

作者： Ha H.Truong Ali Khoddami Amy F.Moss Sonia Y.Liu Peter H.Selle Poultry Research Foundation Faculty of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Australian Poultry CRC University of New England Department of Plant and Food sciences Faculty of Agriculture and Environment The University of Sydney

Thirteen extensively characterised grain sorghum varieties were evaluated in a series of 7 broiler bioassays. The efficiency of energy utilisation of broiler chickens offered sorghum-based diets is problematic and the bulk of dietary energy is derived from sorghum starch. For this reason, rapid visco-analysis(RVA)starch pasting profiles were determined as they may have the potential to assess the quality of sorghum as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. In review, it was found that concentrations of kafirin and total phenolic compounds were negatively correlated with peak and holding RVA viscosities to significant extents across 13 sorghums. In a meta-analysis of 5 broiler bioassays it was found that peak, holding,breakdown and final RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and peak and breakdown RVA viscosities with apparent metabolizable energy corrected for nitrogen(AMEn) to significant extents. In a sixth study involving 10 sorghum-based diets peak, holding and breakdown RVA viscosities were positively correlated with ME:GE ratios and AMEn. Therefore, it emerged that RVA starch pasting profiles do hold promise as a relatively rapid means to assess sorghum quality as a feed grain for chicken-meat production. This potential appears to be linked to quantities of kafirin and total phenolic compounds present in sorghum and it would seem that both factors depress RVA starch viscosities in vitro and, in turn, also depress energy utilisation in birds offered sorghum-based diets. Given that other feed grains do not contain kafirin and possess considerably lower concentrations of phenolic compounds, their RVA starch pasting profiles may not be equally indicative.

关键词： Kafirin Phenolics Poultry Rapid visco-analysis Sorghum Starch

A report of left dorsal displacement of the large colon in a tropical horse

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2013年第4期3卷 325-329页

作者： Farhang Sasani Javad Javanbakht Mehdi Ghamsari Mehdi Aghamohammad Hassan Department of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran Department of Clinical science Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranTehranIran

We report one such case which was diagnosed intraoperatively as left dorsal colon volvulus due to multiple mesenteric abnormalities.A 17-year-old castrated male horse was taken to the Tehran university veterinary Hospital for treatment of metacarpal wound accompanied by severe abdominal distension and acute *** treatment and measurement were taken for a month,and the prepared biopsy indicated that the healing trend was ***,prior to discharge,the clinical colic manifestations emerged and the animal suddenly *** large intestine was palpated per rectum and a ventral midline exploratory laparotomy was performed,a complete volvulus of the ascending colon was identified with multiple mesenteric anomalies of unknown *** pathologic changes observed in this study accurately reflect those changes reported in horse with naturally occurring colonic volvulus and can serve as a reference for subsequent studies on attenuating bowel *** present study results can be used to make a scientific assessment of prognosis in the pre-operative,operative,and post-operative management of horses with large colon volvulus.

关键词： Large colon Horse Pathology Volvulus Laparotomy

Effect of royal jelly on in vitro fertilization and early embryo development following nicotine treatment in adult female rats

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Asian pacific Journal of Reproduction 2021年第3期10卷 121-126页

作者： Zhila Khodabandeh Vahid nejati Ali Shalizar-Jalali Gholamreza najafi Fatemeh Rahmani Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran Department of veterinary Basic sciences Faculty of Veterinary MedicineUrmia UniversityUrmiaIran

Objective:To scrutinize the protective role of royal jelly as an antioxidant on nicotine-induced changes in malondialdehyde(MDA)level,p53 expression,in vitro fertilization(IVF)rate,and early embryo development in adult female ***:A total of 56 adult female Wistar rats were divided into 8 groups(n=7 in each group).Group 1 served as an untreated control group,group 2,3 and 4 received nicotine at a dose of 0.50,1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg respectively,group 5 received royal jelly at a dose of 100.00 mg/kg,and group 6,7 and 8 received 0.50,1.00 and 2.00 mg/kg nicotine,respectively,with 100.00 mg/kg body weight royal *** and royal jelly were administered daily for 49 days in the experimental groups intra-peritoneally and orally,*** the end of the experimental period,p53 expression,IVF rate and early embryo development as well as MDA concentration were ***:The IVF rate,number of cumulus oocytes,two-cell embryos and blastocysts decreased in the nicotine-treated groups in a dose-dependent *** addition,p53 mRnA expression and MDA levels increased in the nicotine-treated *** jelly co-administration led to partial improvement in the aforementioned ***:Royal jelly may have a repro-protective effect in nicotine-administered female rats in terms of its anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties.

关键词： Fertility nicotine Ovary Rat Royal jelly In vitro fertilization Embryo development