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De novo assembly and comparative analysis of root transcriptomes from different varieties of Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer grown in different environments

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2015年第11期58卷 1099-1110页

作者： ZHEN Gang ZHANG Lei DU YaNan YU RenBo LIU XinMin CAO FangRui CHANG Qi DENG Xing Wang XIA Mian HE Hang state key laboratory of Protein and Plant Gene Research College of Life Sciences Peking University School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University Frontier Laboratories of Systems crop Design Co. Ltd. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College

Panax ginseng C. A. Meyer is an important traditional herb in eastern Asia. It contains ginsenosides, which are primary bioactive compounds with medicinal properties. Although ginseng has been cultivated since at least the Ming dynasty to increase production, cultivated ginseng has lower quantities of ginsenosides and lower disease resistance than ginseng grown under natural conditions. We extracted root RNA from six varieties of fifth-year P. ginseng cultivars representing four different growth conditions, and performed Illumina paired-end sequencing. In total, 163,165,706 raw reads were obtained and used to generate a de novo transcriptome that consisted of 151,763 contigs(76,336 unigenes), of which 100,648 contigs(66.3%) were successfully annotated. Differential expression analysis revealed that most differentially expressed genes(DEGs) were upregulated(246 out of 258, 95.3%) in ginseng grown under natural conditions compared with that grown under artificial conditions. These DEGs were enriched in gene ontology(GO) terms including response to stimuli and localization. In particular, some key ginsenoside biosynthesis-related genes, including HMG-Co A synthase(HMGS), mevalonate kinase(MVK), and squalene epoxidase(SE), were upregulated in wild-grown ginseng. Moreover, a high proportion of disease resistance-related genes were upregulated in wild-grown ginseng. This study is the first transcriptome analysis to compare wild-grown and cultivated ginseng, and identifies genes that may produce higher ginsenoside content and better disease resistance in the wild; these genes may have the potential to improve cultivated ginseng grown in artificial environments.

关键词：人参皂苷生长条件人工环境转录组品种差异表达基因抗病相关基因 HMG-CoA

An R2R3 MYB transcription factor is critical for cold stress tolerance in apple

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An R2R3 MYB transcription factor is critical for cold stress...

2016年全国植物生物学大会

作者： Yinpeng Xie Pengxiang Chen Liping Wang Yan Yan Haiyan Li Xuewei Li Jidi Xu Fengwang Ma Qingmei Guan College of Horticulture Northwest A&F University state key laboratory of crop stress Biology in Arid Areas Northwest A&F University

Cold stress is one of the adverse effects on apple distribution and production. However,the molecular mechanisms underlying apple cold stress tolerance are not clear. In this study,we cloned a novel R2R3 MYB transcription factor,Md MYB5523,and its close homolog Md MYB0970 from Golden Delicious(Malus × domestica). Expression of Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 was slightly induced by cold stress. Sub-cellular localization revealed that both proteins are localized in the nucleus. With Affinity Purification-Mass Spectrometry(AP-MASS) and yeast two-hybrid screening,we obtained two interacting partners of Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970,Md HYL1(HYPONASTIC LEAVES 1) and Md SERRATE. Chromatin Immunoprecipitation-PCR showed that Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 target genes involved in cold stress,including Md SIZ1 and Md CSP3(COLD SHOCK DOMAIN PROTEIN 3). RNAi lines of Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 in Gala-3(Malus × domestica) showed increased sensitivity to cold stress,while over-expression lines of Md MYB5523 or Md MYB0970 showed increased tolerance to cold stress,indicating that Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 are two positive regulators of cold stress in apple. Taken together,our results indicate that Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 played important roles in cold stress tolerance of apple.

关键词： Malus × domestica Md MYB5523 and Md MYB0970 cold stress

Characteristics of Soil Organic Carbon, Total Nitrogen, and C/N Ratio in Chinese apple Orchards

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2013年第5期3卷 213-217页

作者： Shunfeng Ge Haigang Xu Mengmeng Ji Yuanmao Jiang state key laboratory of crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian China state key laboratory of crop Biology College of Horticulture Science and Engineering Shandong Agricultural University Taian China.

Soil organic carbon and nitrogen are used as indexes of soil quality assessment and sustainable land use management. At the same time, soil C/N ratio is a sensitive indicator of soil quality and for assessing the carbon and nitrogen nutrition balance of soils. We studied the characteristics of soil organic carbon and total nitrogen by investigating a large number of apple orchards in major apple production areas in China. high apple orchard soil organic carbon content was observed in the provinces of Heilongjiang, Xinjiang, and Yunnan, whereas low content was found in the provinces of Shandong, Henan, Hebei, and shaanxi, with the values ranging between 6.44 and 7.76 g·kg-1. Similar to soil organic carbon, soil total nitrogen content also exhibited obvious differences in the 12 major apple producing provinces. Shandong apple orchard soil had the highest total nitrogen content (1.26 g·kg-1), followed by Beijing (1.23 g·kg-1). No significant difference was noted between these two regions, but their total nitrogen content was significantly higher than the other nine provinces, excluding Yunnan. The soil total nitrogen content for Xinjiang, Heilongjiang, Hebei, Henan, and Gansu was between 0.87 and 1.03 g·kg-1, which was significantly lower than that in Shandong and Beijing, but significantly higher than that in Liaoning, Shanxi, and shaanxi. Six provinces exhibited apple orchard soil C/N ratio higher than 10, including Heilongjiang (15.42), Xinjiang (13.38), Ningxia (14.45), Liaoning (12.24), Yunnan (11.03), and Gansu (10.63). The soil C/N ratio was below 10 in the remaining six provinces, in which the highest was found in shaanxi (9.47), followed by Beijing (8.98), Henan (7.99), and Shanxi (7.62), and the lowest was found in Hebei (6.80) and Shandong (6.05). Therefore, the improvement of soil organic carbon should be given more attention to increase the steady growth of soil C/N ratio.

关键词： Chinese apple Orchard Soil Organic Carbon Total Nitrogen C/N Ratio

Multi-gene co-expression can improve comprehensive resistance to multiple abiotic stresses in Brassica napus L.

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Multi-gene co-expression can improve comprehensive resistanc...

中国作物学会油料作物专业委员会第八次会员代表大会暨学术...

作者： WANG Zai-qing YANG Cui-ling CHEN Hao WANG Pei WANG Peng-tao SONG Chun-peng ZHANG Xiao WANG Dao-jie key laboratory of Plant stress Biology State Key Laboratory of Cotton BiologySchool of Life SciencesSchool of Mathematics and StatisticsHenan University

Rapeseed(Brassica napus L.) is an important oil crop *** current *** production,it is urgent to develop new varieties with higher seed productivity and increased stress tolerance for better adaptation to abiotic stresses as a result of global climate *** engineering,to some extent,can overcome limitations of genetic exchange in conventional ***,it considered as an effective method for improving modern crop breeding for *** crop stress resistance is a complex polygenic trait,only multi-gene synergistic effects can effectively achieve the comprehensive stress ***,in present study,5 stress resistance genes,NCED3,ABAR,CBF3,L0 S5 and ICE1 were transferred into *** with wild type(WT) plants,multi-gene transformants K15 exhibited pronounced growth advantage under bodi normal growdi and stress ***,K15 plants also showed significantly higher resistance response to multiple stresses at seed germination and seedling stages than WT ***,K15 plants had significantly higher leaf temperature lower stomatal aperture and water loss rate than WT plants,which indicated that water-holding capacity of K15 plants was significantly superior to that of WT plants after stress *** addition,K15 plants had significantly higher abscisic acid(ABA) content and remarkably lower malondialdehyde(MDA) content than WT *** conclusion,the above results suggested that multi-gene co-expression could rapidly trigger plant stress resistance,reduce the stress injury and synergistically improve comprehensive resistance of ***.

关键词： Brassica napus L. abiotic stress co-expression comprehensive stress resistance multi-genes transformation

Genome-wide analysis of NDR1/HIN1-like genes in pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)and functional characterization of CaNHL4 under biotic and abiotic stresses

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Horticulture Research 2020年第1期7卷 1611-1625页

作者： Changyun Liu Haoran Peng Xinyu Li Chaolong Liu Xing Lv Xuefeng Wei Aihong Zou Jian Zhang Guangjin Fan Guanhua Ma Lisong Ma Xianchao Sun laboratory of plant immunity and ecological control of plant disease College of Plant ProtectionSouthwest University400716 ChongqingChina Department of Botany and Plant Biology Section of BiologyFaculty of ScienceUniversity of Geneva1211 Geneva 4Switzerland state key laboratory of North China crop Improvement and Regulation College of Plant ProtectionHebei Agricultural University071001 BaodingChina

Plant NDR1/HIN1-like(NHL)genes play an important role in triggering plant defenses in response to biotic *** this study,we performed a genome-wide identification of the NHL genes in pepper(Capsicum annuum L.)and characterized the functional roles of these CaNHL genes in response to abiotic stresses and infection by different *** analysis revealed that CaNHLs can be classified into five distinct subgroups,with each group containing generic and specific *** element analysis showed that the majority of the promoter regions of the identified CaNHLs contain jasmonic acid(JA)-responsive and salicylic acid(SA)-responsive elements,and transcriptomic analysis revealed that CaNHL genes are expressed in all the examined tissues of *** CaNHL1,CaNHL4,CaNHL6,CaNHL10,CaNHL11,and CaNHL12 genes were significantly upregulated under abiotic stress as well as in response to different pathogens,such as TMV,Phytophthora capsici and Pseudomonas *** addition,we found that CaNHL4 localizes to the plasma ***4-silenced pepper plants display significantly increased susceptibility to TMV,Phytophthora capsici and Pseudomonas syringae,exhibiting reduced expression of JA-related and SA-related genes and reduced ROS ***,transient overexpression of CaNHL4 in pepper increases the expression of JArelated and SA-related genes,enhances the accumulation of ROS,and inhibits the infection of these three ***,for the first time,we identified the NHL genes in pepper and demonstrated that CaNHL4 is involved in the production of ROS and that it also regulates the expression of JA-related and SA-related genes in response to different pathogens,suggesting that members of the CaNHL family play an essential role in the disease resistance of pepper.

关键词： pepper analysis functional

Simultaneously Transfer of Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew resistance From Hexaploid Triticale cv. Sorento into Wheat

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Simultaneously Transfer of Leaf Rust and Powdery Mildew Resi...

第八届全国小麦基因组学及分子育种大会

作者： Feng Li Yinghui Li Miaomiao Geng Lirong Cao Peiyuan Liu Qiang Zhang Lina Qiu Rongqi Liang Baoyun Li Mingshan You Zhongfu Ni Chaojie Xie Qixin Sun state key laboratory of Agrobiotechnology of China Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement and Genome of Ministry of AgrbultureCollege of Agronomy

wheat powdery mildew,caused by Blumeria graminis ?***,and wheat leaf rust,caused by Puccinia triticina Eriks,are two important diseases that threaten wheat production *** of each disease can lead to wheat yield bss above40%.Wheat wild relatives,which bear abundant resistance genes,provide a critical resource for the exploitation of new resistance ***(AABBRR,2 n=6 x=42),synthetized artificially by combining the genomes of Triticum turgidum(AABB,2 n=4 x=28) and rye(RR,2 n=2 x=14),confers outstanding resistance to wheat powdery mildew and leaf rust *** introduce the resistance genes into common wheat,we crossed the resistant triticale cultivar sorento as the female parent with the susceptible line xuezao,the hybrids Fi were then backcrossed with xuezao as the recurrent male *** disease reaction of their progenies was evaluated at seeding stage in greenhouse and adult-plant stage in *** EST-derived SSR markers reported previously in rye were selected to genotype the individuals of BC F and BC F ***(bulked segregant analysis) was performed to locate the resistance genes by molecular marker *** methods such as FISH and GISH can be adopted to verify the genetkal constitutes of the *** molecular analysis,we demonstrate that both2 R and 4 R chromosomes of sorento confer resistance to wheat powdery mildew and 2 R also displays strong resistance against wheat leaf ***,no evidence of resistance against powdery mildew and leaf rust for the rest of the rye chromosomes was *** newly produced germplasms containing these fragments are of great value in our wheat improvement.

关键词： powdery mildew leaf rust triticale resistance marker analysis cytotogical methods

Genetic Variation Dissection of Rice Blast resistance Using an Indica Population

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Rice science 2020年第4期27卷 255-258页

作者： ZHANG Mengchen WEI Zhonghua YUAN Xiaoping WANG Caihong WANG Shan NIU Xiaojun XU Xin XU Qun FENG Yue YU Hanyong WANG Yiping ZHU Zhiwei ZHAI Rongrong YANG Yaolong WEI Xinghua state key laboratory of Rice Biology China National Rice Research InstituteHangzhou 310006China Suihua Branch of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences Suihua 152000China Institute of crop and Nuclear Technology Utilization Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021China

Rice blast disease,caused by fungus pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae,is one of the most destructive diseases that impact rice *** the worldwide,rice harvests lose 10%to 30%of the total production because of blast infection... 详细信息

关键词： Population enough farming

Horizontal gene transfer of Fhb7 from a fungus underlies Fusarium head blight resistance in wheat

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Horizontal gene transfer of Fhb7 from a fungus underlies Fus...

第十九届中国作物学会学术年会

作者： Hongwei Wang Silong Sun Wenyang Ge Lanfei Zhao Bingqian Hou Kai Wang Zhongfan Lyu Liyang Chen Shoushen Xu Jun Guo Min Li Peisen Su Xuefeng Li Guiping Wang Cunyao Bo Xiaojian Fang Wenwen Zhuang Xinxin Cheng Jianwen Wu Luhao Dong Wuying Chen Wen Li Guilian Xiao Jinxiao Zhao Yongchao Hao Ying Xu Yu Gao Wenjing Liu Yanhe Liu Huayan Yin Jiazhu Li Xiang Li Yan Zhao Xiaoqian Wang Fei Ni Xin Ma Anfei Li Steven S Xu Guihua Bai Eviatar Nevo Caixia Gao Herbert Ohm Lingrang Kong state key laboratory of crop Biology College of Agronomy Shandong Agricultural University

Fusarium head blight(FHB) has devastated wheat production globally. Mycotoxin, especially trichothecenes, produced by the Fusarium pathogen is a major safety concern for human health and animal production. Fhb7 discovered from a wheat relative, Thinopyrum elongatum, shows a stable major effect on FHB resistance. Here, we cloned the Fhb7 by assembling the Triticeae E genome of T. elongatum, a wheatgrass species used in wheat distant hybridization breeding. Fhb7 encodes a glutathione S-transferase(GST) and confers broad resistance to Fusarium species by detoxifying trichothecenes via de-epoxidation. Presence of GST homologs in Epichlo? fungal species but not in plants supports that T. elongatum gained GST via horizontal gene transfer(HGT) from an endophytic Epichlo? that established symbiosis with temperate grasses. When introgressed into wheat, GST confers resistance to both FHB and crown rot in diverse wheat backgrounds without yield penalty, providing an excellent Fusarium resistant source for breeding.

关键词： Fusarium head blight (FHB) Glutathione S-transferase (GST) Thinopyrum elongatum Horizontal gene transfer(HGT) Wheat breeding for FHB resistance

A NIS1-like protein from apple canker pathogen（Valsa mali）may escape plant recognition and serves as a virulence factor

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A NIS1-like protein from apple canker pathogen（Valsa mali）...

中国植物病理学会2021年学术年会

作者： NIE Jiajun ZHOU Wenjing LIN Yonghui LIU Zhaoyang YIN Zhiyuan HUANG Lili state key laboratory of crop stress Biology for Arid Areas College of Plant ProtectionNorthwest A＆F University Department of Plant Pathology China Agricultural University

Phytopathogens-produced conserved effectors play important roles in plant-microbe ***1-like proteins represent a newly identified family of effectors represented in a wide array of fungal ***,their biological roles in pathogenic fungi remain largely *** this study,we characterized two NIS1-like proteins VmNISl and VmNIS2 from Valsa mali,the causal agent of apple Valsa *** found that VmNISl induced intense cell death,whereas VmNIS2 suppressed INF1 elicitin-triggered cell death when transiently expressed in the model plant Nicotiana *** of *** with VmNISl recombinant protein activated a series of immune responses and greatly enhanced plant resistance against Phytophthora *** contrast,VmNIS2 strongly suppressed plant immune responses and promoted the infection of *** when transiently expressed in *** observations indicate that VmNISl but not VmNIS2 can be recognized by *** alignment revealed that,compared to VmNISl,VmNIS2 is truncated at Cterminus by 13 amino acids residues（C13）.Interestingly,deletion of C13 greatly compromised VmNIS1-triggered cell death,whereas fusion of C13 to the C-terminus of VmNIS2 can induce visible cell death in *** indicates that C13 is essential for plant detection of VmNISl,and VmNIS2 may evade plant recognition via C-terminal *** further found that knocking out of VmNIS1 showed no apparent influence on *** virulence,however,knocking out of VmNIS2 obviously attenuated pathogen virulence,suggesting that VmNIS2 is essential for *** infection of *** conclusion,our data suggest that the NIS1-like protein VmNIS2 from the pathogenic *** may have escaped plant recognition and functions as a virulence factor.

关键词： Valsa mali NIS1-like protein cell death immune responses virulence