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Determination of ice jam thickness—A new approach

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Journal of Hydrodynamics 2024年第3期36卷 570-581页

作者： Jun Wang Lian-sheng sang Fei-hu song Tie-jie Cheng Jueyi sui school of Civil and Water Engineering Hefei University of TechnologyHefei230009China school of Engineering University of Northern British ColumbiaPrince GeorgeCanada

In winter,rivers in cold regions often experience flood disasters resulted from ice jams or ice *** of the variation of ice jam thickness and water level during an ice jammed period are not only a practical need for ice prevention to avoid disaster and plan water resource,but also essential for the development of any mathematical model for predicting the evolution of ice *** far,some equations based on the energy equation have been proposed to describe the relationship between ice jam thickness and water ***,in the derivation of these equations,the local head loss coefficient at the ice jam head and the riverbed slope factor were ***,those reported equations cannot be used to preciously describe the flow energy equation with ice jams and accurately calculate the ice jam thickness and water *** the present study,a more comprehensive theoretical model for hydraulic calculation of ice jam thickness has been derived by considering important and essential factors including riverbed slope and local head loss coefficient at the ice jam ***,based on the data collected from laboratory experiments of ice jam accumulation,the local head loss coefficient at the ice jam head has been calculated,and the empirical equation for calculating the local head loss coefficient has been established by considering flow Froude number and the ratio of ice discharge to flow *** results of this study not only provide a new reference for calculating ice jam thickness and water level,but also present a theoretical basis for accurate CFD simulation of ice jams.

关键词： Energy equation ice jam thickness local head loss coefficient ice jam head riverbed slope

Inhibition of CXCR4/CXCL12 signaling:a translational perspective for Alzheimer’s disease treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 108-109页

作者： Yuval Gavriel Inna Rabinovich-Nikitin Beka solomon The shmunis school of Biomedicine and Cancer Research George S.Wise Faculty of Life SciencesTel Aviv UniversityTel AvivIsrael

The mechanism of AD remains uncovered:The current mainstream doctrine in Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is the amyloid cascade *** to this hypothesis,amyloid-β(Aβ)deposition is the main reason for neurofibrillary tangles f... 详细信息

关键词： Alzheimer amyloid Aβ

Optimal design of a scaled-up PRO system using swarm intelligence approach

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science China(Information sciences) 2021年第12期64卷 175-188页

作者： Yingxue CHEN Zhongke sHI Bin XU Mohammad Hasan sHAHEED school of Power and Energy Northwestern Ploytechnical University school of Automatic Northwestern Polytechnical University school of Engineering and Materials science Queen Mary University of London

In this study, the pressure-retarded osmosis(PRO) process is optimized using Harris hawks optimization(HHO)-based maximum power point tracking(MPPT) technology. To make the practical implementation of salinity-gradient-based energy harvesting using PRO feasible, MPPT is envisaged to play a substantial role. Therefore, this study focuses on the development of a novel MPPT controller using swarm intelligence. The HHO algorithm is the latest approach that mimics the unique chasing strategy of Harris hawks in nature. To test the cost effectiveness of the proposed method, two case studies with various operational scenarios are presented. Compared with the performance of selected well-known and recent approaches, such as perturb & observe, incremental mass resistance, and whale optimization algorithm techniques, that of the proposed metaheuristic-based MPPT technique is found to be highly *** also show that the proposed algorithm can overcome other methods’ limitations, such as low tracking efficiency; low robustness when encountered in various operational conditions, including temperature and salinity; and steady-state oscillations. Furthermore, the proposed MPPT strategy is suitable for use in other fields of renewable energy harvesting.

关键词： maximum power point tracking (MPPT) swarm intelligence metaheuristic algorithms pressure-retarded osmosis (PRO) Harris hawks optimization (HHO)

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Cryogel scaffolds: soft and easy to use tools for neural tissue culture

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第9期17卷 1981-1983页

作者： Ben Newland Katherine R.Long school of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical sciences Cardiff UniversityCardiffUK Centre for Developmental Neurobiology Institute of PsychiatryPsychology and NeuroscienceKing’s College LondonMRC Centre for Neurodevelopmental DisordersKing’s College LondonLondonUK

The mammalian central nervous system(CNs)is highly complex,with a vast array of processes and interactions occurring in a dynamic and often transient *** these processes are combined to regulate our behavior remains poorly *** has in turn led to a lack of understanding of how these processes have gone awry in the many disorders of the nervous *** order to address this,researchers need a controlled way to manipulate the nervous system in in vitro and ex vivo cultures,in both a specific area and for a specific period of time to start to pick apart these *** date,this has been technically challenging,especially when modeling focal injury to the CNs or when working with human brain tissue.

关键词： culture neural transient

subjective scar assessment scales in orthopaedic surgery and determinants of patient satisfaction: A systematic review of the literature

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2023年第5期26卷 276-283页

作者： Diego A Abelleyra Lastoria Clerin K Benny Caroline B Hing Institute for medical and Biomedical Education St George's University of LondonLondonSW17 OREUnited Kingdom Faculty of Medicine Medical University of SofiaSofia1641Bulgaria Department of Trauma and Orthopaedics St George's University Hospitals NHS Foundation TrustLondonSW17 OQTUnited Kingdom

Purpose:scar assessment tools can be utilized during the post-operative period to monitor scar *** primary aim of this systematic review was to evaluate current subjective scar assessment scales utilized in orthopaedic *** secondary aim was to identify determinants of patients'satisfaction with their scars and evaluate current measurement ***:The preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses checklist was *** databases,curently registered studies,conference proceedings and the reference lists of included studies were *** were no constraints based on language or publication status.A narrative synthesis provided a description and evaluation of scales utilized in orthopaedic *** of patient satisfaction were identified along with the scales used to measure ***:A total of 6059 records were screened in the initial ***-six articles satisfied the inclusion criteria,assessing 7130 *** the literature,six validated subjective scar scales were identified,including the Vancouver scar scale,patient and observer scar assessment scale,Manchester scar scale,stony Brook scar evaluation scale,visual analogue scale,and Hollander wound evaluation *** utilizing these scales to evaluate scars following orthopaedic procedures did so *** were total hip arthroplasty,total knee arthroplasty,and limb *** scales demonstrated satisfactory *** outcomes such as restoration of movement ranked among patients'highest *** cosmesis was found to be amongst patients'lowest ***:subjective scar assessment scales identified in the literature were not designed specifically for orthopaedic ***,these were able to appropriately assess scars in the studies identified in this *** evidence suggests the effect of scar cosmesis on patient satisfaction with orthopaedic procedures is li

关键词： scar Cosmesis Orthopaedics Patient satisfaction

Corneal astigmatic outcomes after femtosecond laser-assisted cataract surgery combined with surface penetrating arcuate keratotomies

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2023年第7期16卷 1084-1092页

作者： Nick stanojcic David O’Brart Chris Hull Vijay Wagh Elodie Azan Mani Bhogal scott Robbie Ji-Peng Olivia Li Department of Ophthalmology Guy’s and St.Thomas’NHS Foundation TrustLondon SE17EHUK Centre for Applied Vision Research School of Health SciencesUniversity of LondonLondon EC1V 0HBUK King’s College london London WC2R 2LSUK

AIM:To evaluate corneal astigmatic outcomes of femtosecond laser-assisted arcuate keratotomies(FAKs)combined with femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery(FLACs)over 12mo ***:Totally 145 patients with bilateral cataracts and no ocular co-morbidities were recruited to a singlecentre,single-masked,prospective randomized controlled trial(RCT)comparing two monofocal hydrophobic acrylic intraocular *** with corneal astigmatism(CA)of>0.8 dioptres(D)received unpaired,unopened,surface penetrating FAKs at the time of *** acuity,subjective refraction and scheimpflug tomography were recorded at 1,6,and *** vectoral analyses were ***:Fifty-one patients(61 eyes),mean age 68.2±9.6y[standard deviation(sD)],received *** eyes were available for analysis,except at 12mo when 59 *** were no complications due to *** pre-operative CA was 1.13±0.20 *** was a reduction of astigmatism at all post-operative visits(residual CA 1mo:0.85±0.42 D,P=0.0001;6mo:0.86±0.35 D,P=0001;and 12mo:0.90±0.39,P=0.0001).Alpins indices remained stable over ***,the cohort was under-corrected at all time *** 12mo,61%of eyes were within±15 degrees of pre-operative astigmatic ***:Unpaired unopened penetrating FAKs combined with on-axis phacoemulsification are safe but minimally *** is largely under-corrected in this cohort using an existing unmodified *** effect of arcuate keratotomies on CA remained stable over 12mo.

关键词： femtosecond cataract surgery astigmatic keratotomy laser cataract surgery femtosecond-laser assisted cataract surgery arcuate keratotomy

An iterative blending integrating grinding force model considering grain size and dislocation density evolution

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Advances in Manufacturing 2023年第3期11卷 428-443页

作者： Zi-shan Ding Yun-Hui Zhao Miao-Xian Guo Wei-Cheng Guo Chong-Jun Wu steven Y.Liang school of Mechanical Engineering University of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093People's Republicof China College of Mechanical Engineering Donghua UniversityShanghai 201620People's Republic of China george W.Woodruff school of Mechanical Engineering Georgia Institute of TechnologyAtlanta 30332USA

The dynamic force load in grinding process is considered as a crucial factor affecting the quality of parts,and a better understanding of the mechanism of force generation is conducive to revealing the evolution of material microstructure more *** this study,an iterative blending integrating grinding force model that comprehensively considers the impact of grain size and dislocation density evolution of the material is *** to the grinding kinematics,the interaction of grit-workpiece is divided into rubbing,plowing,and chip formation stages in each grinding *** this basis,the evolution of material microstructure in the current chip formation stage will affect the rubbing force in the next grinding arc through flow stresses,which in turn will influence the total grinding ***,the flow stress models in rubbing and chip formation stages are firstly established,and then the dislocation density prediction model is established experimentally based on the characteristics of grain *** effects of the evolution of grain size and dislocation density on the grinding forces during the grinding process are studied by means of iterative *** results indicate that the implementation of an iterative blending scheme is instrumental in obtaining a higher accurate prediction of the grinding force and a deeper insight of the influence mechanisms of materials microstructure on grinding process.

关键词： Grinding force Grain size Dislocation density Iterative loop

CD137 agonist potentiates the abscopal efficacy of nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy for melanoma

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Nano Research 2022年第3期15卷 2300-2314页

作者： Preethi Bala Balakrishnan Debbie KLedezma Juliana Cano-Mejia Jaclyn Andricovich Erica Palmer Vishal APatel Patricia sLatham Eric sYvon Alejandro Villagra Rohan Fernandes Elizabeth E.sweeney GW Cancer Center Department of MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA The Institute for Biomedical sciences School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA GW Cancer Center Department of Biochemistry and Molecular MedicineSchool of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20052USA Department of Dermatology&Oncology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA Department of Pathology School of Medicine and Health SciencesGeorge Washington UniversityWashingtonDC 20037USA ImmunoBlue BethesdaMD 20817USA

Despite the promise of immunotherapy such as the immune checkpoint inhibitors(ICIs)anti-PD-1 and anti-CTLA-4 for advanced melanoma,only 26%–52%of patients respond,and many experience grade III/IV immune-related adverse *** by the need for an effective therapy for patients non-responsive to clinically approved ICIs,we have developed a novel nanoimmunotherapy that combines locally administered Prussian blue nanoparticle-based photothermal therapy(PBNP-PTT)with systemically administered agonistic anti-CD137 monoclonal antibody therapy(aCD137).PBNP-PTT was administered at various thermal doses to melanoma cells in vitro,and was combined with aCD137 in vivo to test treatment effects on melanoma tumor progression,animal survival,immunological protection against tumor rechallenge,and *** administered at a melanoma-specific thermal dose,PBNP-PTT elicits immunogenic cell death(ICD)in melanoma cells and upregulates markers associated with antigen presentation and immune cell co-stimulation in ***,PBNP-PTT eliminates primary melanoma tumors in vivo,yielding long-term tumor-free ***,the antitumor immune effects generated by PBNP-PTT cannot eliminate secondary tumors,despite significantly slowing their *** addition of aCD137 enables significant abscopal efficacy and improvement of survival,functioning through activated dendritic cells and tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells,and generates CD4^(+)and CD8^(+)T cell memory that manifests in the rejection of tumor rechallenge,with no long-term *** study describes for the first time a novel and effective nanoimmunotherapy combination of PBNP-PTT with aCD137 mAb therapy for melanoma.

关键词： photothermal therapy Prussian blue nanoparticles anti-CD137 melanoma nanoimmunotherapy

An unclassified tibial plateau fracture： Reverse schatzker type Ⅳ

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2018年第4期21卷 211-215页

作者： Tien Yeoh Efthymios Iliopoulos Alex Trompeter st george's university Hospital NHS Trust London United Kingdom

The most commonly accepted system of classification for tibia plateau fractures is that of schatzker. Increasingly, both high energy injuries and atypical osteoporotic fragility failures have led to more complex, unusual and previously undescribed fracture patterns being recognized. We present a case of a patient with a previously unreported pattern of tibia plateau fracture and knee dislocation. We highlight the challenges confronted and present the management and the outcomes of his injury. A 28-year old male motorcyclist was involved in a head on collision with a truck and was transferred by helicopter to our level I major trauma centre emergency department. His injuries were a circumferential degloving injury to his left leg and a right lateral tibial plateau fracture/knee dislocation. The pattern of the lateral tibial plateau fracture was unique and did not fit any recognised classification system. The patient received a spanning external fixator initially and after latency of 12 days for soft tissue resuscitation he underwent definite fixation through an antero-lateral approach to the proximal tibia with two cannulated 6.5 mm partially threaded screws and an additional lateral proximal tibia plate in buttress mode. A hinged knee brace was applied with unrestricted range of motion post-operatively and free weight bearing were permitted post operatively. At the 6 months follow up, the patient walks without aids and with no limp. Examination revealed a stable joint and full range of motion. Plain radiographs revealed that the fracture healed with good alignment and the fixation remained stable. High energy injuries can lead to more complicated fracture patterns, which challenge the orthopaedic surgeons in their management. It is crucial to understand the individual fracture pattern and the possible challenges that may occur. This study reports a lateral tibia plateau fracture/dislocation which perhaps is best described as a reverse schatzker IV type fracture.

关键词： Knee Tibial plateau fractures schatzker classification Lower limb trauma

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