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Comprehensive DNA barcode reference library and optimization of genetic divergence threshold facilitate the exploration of species diversity of green lacewings (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

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Insect Science 2024年第2期31卷 613-632页

作者： Yan Lai Kaiyu Li Xingyue Liu Deparment of Entomology Cllege of Plant ProtectionChina Agricultural UniversityBejingChina College of Bioogical Sciencs China Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina

Chrysopidae are a family of Neuroptera of significant importance in biocontrol against agricultural pests because of their predatory ***,the taxonomy of Chrysopidae lacks a comprehensive revision,which impedes the exploration of species diversity as well as the selection and the conservation of green lacewings as biocontrol *** have established a DNA barcode reference library of the Chinese green lacewings based on an approximately complete sampling(95.63%)in 25 of the 34 provincial regions in China,comprising 1119 barcodes of 25 genera and 197 species(representing 85%genera and 43.62%species from China).Combining other 1049 high quality green lacewing DNA barcodes,we first inferred the optimal threshold of interspecific genetic divergence(1.87%)for successful species identification in multiple simulated scenarios based on present *** further inferred the threshold of genetic divergence(7.77%)among genera with biocontrol *** inference and performance of the threshold appears to be mainly associated with the completeness of sampling,the proportion of closely related species,and the analytical *** new combinations,Apertochrysa platypa(Yang&Yang,1991)***.,Apertochrysa shennongana(Yang&Wang,1990)***.,Apertochrysa pictifacialis(Yang,1988)***.,Apertochrysa helana(Yang,1993)***.,Plesiochrysa rosulata(Yang&Yang,2002)***.,and Signochrysa hainana(Yang&Yang,1991),are proposed according to integrative species *** library and optimal threshold will effectively facilitate the exploration of species diversity of green *** study also provides a methodological reference in molecular delimitation of other insects.

关键词： Chrysopidae DNA barcode genetic distance optimal threshold species delimitation

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Multi-dimensionality in plant root traits:progress and challenges

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Journal of Plant Ecology 2024年第4期17卷 1-8页

作者： Jiabao Zhao Binglin Guo Yueshuang Hou Qingpei Yang Zhipei Feng Yong Zhao Xitian Yang Guoqiang Fan Deliang Kong College of Forestry Henan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhouChina

Plant roots,the major agent for water and nutrient acquisition,are fundamental for plant growth,evolution and ecosystem services that human beings depend on(Bardgett et al.2014;Weigelt et al.2023).Nutrient acquisition can be depicted by a wealth of traits of absorptive roots,the few terminal root branch orders with primarily developed tissues(Guo et al.2008;McCormack et al.2015).

关键词： traits plant roots

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The involvement of brassinolides in fruit ripening:crosstalk with plant growth regulators and transcription factors

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Food Quality and Safety 2024年第1期8卷 41-49页

作者： Ailing Li Xuetong Wu Yi Huang Xuejuan Pan KangdingYao Zhiya Liu ChunleiWang Weibiao Liao College of Horticulture Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouChina

Brassinolides(BRs)are a kind of endogenous plant hormone that play an important role in regulating fruit *** can regulate the process of fruit ripening by interacting with plant growth regulators and transcription *** this review,we discuss recent research advances on the role of BRs in fruit ripening and its relation to plant growth regulators and transcription *** addition,BR signaling molecules that are involved in fruit ripening and ripening-related genes are also *** review provides a better theoretical basis for improving fruit quality and regulating fruit ripening to speed up market availability,and for studying the mechanisms of BRs in fruit ripening.

关键词： Fruit quality ethylene abscisic acid nitric oxide brassinazole-resistant 1.

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Dietary sodium acetate and sodium butyrate attenuate intestinal damage and improve lipid metabolism in juvenile largemouth bass(Micropterus salmoides) fed a high carbohydrate diet by reducing endoplasmic reticulum stress

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第1期16卷 443-456页

作者： Liulan Zhao Liangshun Cheng Yifang Hu Xiaohui Li Yihui Yang Jin Mu Lianfeng Shen Guojun Hu Kuo He Haoxiao Yan Qiao Liu Song Yang College of Animal Science and Technology Sichuan Agricultural University

High-carbohydrate(HC) diets decrease the intestinal levels of sodium acetate(SA) and sodium butyrate(SB) and impair the gut health of largemouth bass; however, SA and SB have been shown to enhance immunity and improve intestinal health in farmed animals. Thus, the present study was to investigate the effects of dietary SA and SB on HC diet-induced intestinal injury and the potential mechanisms in juvenile largemouth bass. The experiment set five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets, including a lowcarbohydrate diet(9% starch)(LC), a high carbohydrate diet(18% starch)(HC), and the HC diet supplemented with 2 g/kg SA(HCSA), 2 g/kg SB(HCSB) or a combination of 1 g/kg SA and 1 g/kg SB(HCSASB).The feeding experiment was conducted for 8 weeks. A total of 525 juvenile largemouth bass with an initial body weight of 7.00 ± 0.20 g were used. The results showed that dietary SA and SB improved the weight gain rate and specific growth rate (P<0.05) and ameliorated serum parameters(alkaline phosphatase, acid phosphatase, glutamate transaminase, and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase)(P<0.05). And, importantly, dietary SA and SB repaired the intestinal barrier by increasing the expression levels of zonula occludens-1, occludin, and claudin-7(P<0.05), reduced HC-induced intestinal damage, and alleviated intestinal inflammation and cell apoptosis by attenuating HC-induced intestinal endoplasmic reticulum stress(P<0.05). Further results revealed that dietary SA and SB reduced HC-induced intestinal fat deposition by inhibiting adipogenesis and promoting lipolysis(P<0.05). In summary, this study demonstrated that dietary SA and SB attenuated HC-induced intestinal damage and reduced excessive intestinal fat deposition in largemouth bass.

关键词： Sodium acetate Sodium butyrate High carbohydrate diet Endoplasmic reticulum stress Intestine health Lipid metabolism

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Optimization design of the hydro-pneumatic suspension system for high clearance self-propelled sprayer using improved MOPSO algorithm

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 109-122页

作者： Fan Yang Yuefeng Du Changkai Wen Zhen Li Enrong Mao Zhongxiang Zhu College of Engineering China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China Beijing Key Laboratory of Optimized Design for Modern agricultural Equipment China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

Large high clearance self-propelled sprayers were widely used in field plant protection due to their high-efficiency operation *** by the characteristics of field operations such as high power,heavy weight,high ground clearance,and fast operation speed,the comprehensive requirements for the ride comfort,handling stability and road friendliness of the sprayer were increasingly *** the present stage,the chassis structure of the high clearance selfpropelled sprayer that attaches great importance to the improvement of comprehensive performance still has the problems of severe bumps,weak handling performance and serious road damage in complex field ***,this paper proposes an optimization design method for hydro-pneumatic suspension system of a high clearance self-propelled sprayer based on the improved MOPSO(Multi-Objective Particle Swarm Optimization)algorithm,covering the entire process of configuration design,parameter intelligent optimization,and system verification of the high clearance self-propelled sprayer ***,chassis structure of the hydro-pneumatic suspension suitable for the high clearance self-propelled sprayer was designed,and a design method combining the improved MOPSO algorithm based on time-varying fusion strategy and adaptive update with the parameter optimization of hydro-pneumatic suspension based on this algorithm was proposed,and finally the software simulation and bench performance verification were carried *** results show that the optimized hydropneumatic suspension has excellent vibration reduction effect,and the body acceleration,suspension dynamic deflection and tire deflection were increased by 16.5%,9.9%and 0.9%respectively,compared with those before *** comprehensive performance of the hydro-pneumatic suspension designed in this study is better than that of the traditional suspension.

关键词： high clearance self-propelled sprayer vibration reduction hydro-pneumatic suspension MOPSO multi-objective optimization

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Remediation of di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP)contaminated black soil by freeze-thaw aging biochar

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 681-692页

作者： Lei Wang Zeyu Dou Chaoran Ma Xiaochen Jia Hongye Wang Wenjing Bao Lei Wang Jianhua Qu Ying Zhang School of Resources and Environment Northeast Agricultural UniversityHarbin 150030China

Di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate(DEHP),a complex structure with high toxicity,is a common organic *** study investigated the effects of fresh biochar(FBC),and freeze-thaw cycled aged biochar(FTC-BC)on DEHP-contaminated soils using a pot *** specific surface area of FBC increased from 145.20 to 303.50 m~2/g,and oxygen-containing functional groups increased from 1.26 to 1.48 mol/g after freeze-thaw cycles,greatly enhancing the adsorption of DEHP by biochar in the *** comprehensive radar chart evaluation showed that FBC and FTC-BC reduced DEHP growth stress and improved the soil *** with FBC,FTC-BC performed better in protecting the normal growth of pakchoi and improving soil *** addition,the application of biochar increased the diversity and abundance of bacteria in the DEHP-contaminated soil and changed the composition of the soil bacterial *** partial least squares path model(PLS-PM)showed that adding biochar as a soil remediation agent significantly positively impacted soil nutrients and indirectly reduced the DEHP levels in soil and plants by increasing soil microbial *** with FBC,FTC-BC creates a more satisfactory living environment for microorganisms and has a better effect on the degradation of DEHP in the *** study provides a theoretical basis for future biochar remediation of DEHP-contaminated soils in cold high-latitude regions.

关键词： DEHP Freeze-thaw cycles Biochar Soil restoration

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Discrete element modeling and parameter calibration of safflower biomechanical properties

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International Journal of agricultural and Biological Engineering 2024年第2期17卷 37-46页

作者： Zhenguo Zhang Chao Zeng Zhenyu Xing Peng Xu Quanfeng Guo Ruimeng Shi Yunze Wang College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China Key Laboratory of Xinjiang Intelligent agricultural Equipment Xinjiang Agricultural UniversityUrumqi 830052China

Understanding the biomechanical properties of safflowers is essential for appropriately designing harvesting machinery and optimizing the harvesting *** is a flexible crop that lacks a basis for relevant simulation parameters,which causes difficulties in designing harvesting *** this study,a calibration method for safflowers was ***,a discrete element model was established by measuring the intrinsic parameters of a safflower,such as its geometric parameters,density,Poisson’s ratio,and modulus of ***,the contact and bonding parameters were calibrated using a combination of physical and simulation *** the contact parameter tests,the Hertz-Mindlin(no-slip)model was implemented for the stacking angle tests conducted regarding the safflower filament.A regular two-level factorial design was used to determine the important factors and perform the steepest climb ***,the Box-Behnken design was adopted to obtain the optimal contact *** the bonding parameter tests,the Hertz-Mindlin model with bonding contact was applied for the safflower shear simulation tests;moreover,the optimum bonding parameters were obtained through the central composite design *** results demonstrated that the relative errors between the simulated and measured stacking angles and maximum shear were 3.19%and 5.29%,*** a result,the safflower simulation parameters were accurately calibrated,providing a reference for appropriately setting the simulation parameters and designing key mechanical components.

关键词： safflower DEM parameter calibration shear test biomechanical properties

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Preface:Special issue on soil ecology and sustainability for celebrating the 70th anniversary of ISSCAS

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Pedosphere 2024年第1期34卷 1-2页

作者： Fusuo ZHANG China agricultural university Beijing 100193China

The Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences (ISSAS) was founded in 1953. The institute aims to solve the problems of agricultural development, ecological conservation, and environmental protection and to promote the development of soil ***’s arable land is facing dual pressure of construction occupation and ecological degradation. This is because the rapid urbanization and industrialization continue to occupy high-quality arable land and the quality of complementary arable land is relatively low (Cumming et al., 2014;Wang S T et al., 2021). To ensure national food security, agricultural product quality, and agricultural ecology security,it is particularly important to ensure soil health to maintain sustainable agricultural production.

关键词： soil occupation maintain

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The effect of abiotic stresses on plant C:N:P homeostasis and their mitigation by silicon

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The Crop Journal 2024年第2期12卷 340-353页

作者： Milton Garcia Costa Renato de Mello Prado Luiz Fabiano Palaretti Jonas Pereira de Souza Júnior Department of agricultural Production Science School of Agricultural and Veterinarian SciencesSão Paulo State UniversityJaboticabalBrazil

In crop plants, various environmental stresses affect the balance of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus(C:N:P), leading to biochemical and physiological alterations and reductions in yield. Silicon(Si) is a beneficial element that alleviates plant stress. Most studies involving silicon have focused on physiological responses, such as improvements in photosynthetic processes, water use efficiency, and antioxidant defense systems. But recent research suggests that stressed plants facing either limited or excessive resources(water, light, nutrients, and toxic elements), strategically employ Si to maintain C:N:P homeostasis, thereby minimizing biomass losses. Understanding the role of Si in mitigating the impact of abiotic stresses on plants by regulating C:N:P homeostasis holds great potential for advancing sustainable agricultural practices in crop production. This review presents recent advances in characterizing the influence of environmental stresses on C:N:P homeostasis, as well as the role of Si in preserving C:N:P equilibrium and attenuating biological damage associated with abiotic stress. It underscores the beneficial effects of Si in sustaining C:N:P homeostasis and increasing yield via improved nutritional efficiency and stress mitigation.

关键词： Nutritional stoichiometry Elemental stoichiometry Beneficial element Environmental stresses Nutritional efficiency Carbon use efficiency agricultural sustainability

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Insights into the dwarfing mechanism of pear(Pyrus betulaefolia) based on anatomical and structural analysis using X-ray scanning

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Horticultural Plant Journal 2024年第2期10卷 355-366页

作者： Lili Dong Chuxuan Yang Jing Wang Jingjing Li Mei Zhao Dingli Li Zhiyun Qiu Chunhui Ma Zhenhua Cui College of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China College of Landscape and Forestry Qingdao Agricultural UniversityQingdaoShandong 266109China

The lack of a suitable rootstock to control scion growth has limited the development of high-density plantations in pear production, which is partly attributed to poor understanding of the dwarfing mechanism. In the present study, the rootstock of the dwarf-type pear (Pyrus betulaefolia)PY-9’ was identified and used as the material for anatomical ***-9’ grew to half the tree height of the normal cultivar Zhengdu’, along with fewer internodes and shorter length. Significant differences in growth rate betweenPY-9’ andZhengdu’ were detected at approximately 30 days after full bloom, which corresponded with the time of the greatest difference in water potential between the dwarf and normal ***-9’ showed a higher photosynthetic rate thanZhengdu’. Anatomical analysis showed thatPY-9’ had higher area ratios of both phloem and xylem and more developed vascular tissues thanZhengdu’. The three-dimensional reconstructed skeleton of the xylem from X-ray computed tomography scanning revealed greater intervessel connectivity inZhengdu’ than inPY-9’, which could contribute to the more vigorous growth ofZhengdu’. This study thus provides the first comparison of the microstructural properties of xylem elements between a dwarfing-type and vigorous-type pear rootstock, providing new insights into the dwarfing mechanism in pear and facilitating breeding of dwarf pear rootstocks to increase crop productivity.

关键词： Pyrus betulaefolia Anatomical analysis Dwarfing mechanism Intervessel connectivity Rootstock

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