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Evaluating active leprosy case identifcation methods in six districts of Nepal

infectious diseases of Poverty 2023年第6期12卷 105-106页

作者： Ram Kumar Mahato Uttam Ghimire Madhav Lamsal Bijay Bajracharya Mukesh Poudel Prashnna Napit Krishna Lama Gokarna Dahal David T.S.Hayman Ajit Kumar Karna Basu Dev Pandey Chuman Lal Das Krishna Prasad Paudel epidemiology and Disease Control Division Department of Health Services Ministry of Health and Population Kathmandu Nepal epidemiology and Disease Control Division-Malaria Program Management unit- SCI-GF Kathmandu Nepal Leprosy Control & Disability Management Section EPidemiology and Disease Control Division DoHS Kathmandu Nepal Lalgadh Leprosy Hospital & Service Center Nepal Leprosy Trust Lalgadh Nepal Molecular epidemiology and Public Health Laboratory Infectious Disease Research Centre Hopkirk Research Institute Massey University Palmerston North New Zealand Center for Health and Disease Studies-Nepal Kathmandu Nepal DEJIMA infectious Disease research Alliance Nagasaki University Nagasaki Japan

Background Nepal has achieved and sustained the elimination of leprosy as a public health problem since 2009,but 17 districts and 3 provinces with 41%(10,907,128)of Nepal’s population have yet to eliminate the *** cases and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)indicate recent transmission and late diagnosis,respectively,which necessitate active and early case *** operational research was performed to identify approaches best suited for early case detection,determine community-based leprosy epidemiology,and identify hidden leprosy cases early and respond with prompt *** Active case detection was undertaken in two Nepali provinces with the greatest burden of leprosy,Madhesh Province(40%national cases)and Lumbini Province(18%)and at-risk prison populations in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati *** detection was performed by(1)house-to-house visits among vulnerable populations(n=26,469);(2)contact examination and tracing(n=7608);in Madhesh and Lumbini Provinces and,(3)screening prison populations(n=4428)in Madhesh,Lumbini and Bagmati Provinces of *** case direct medical and nonmedical costs for each approach were *** New case detection rates were highest for contact tracing(250),followed by house-to-house visits(102)and prison screening(45)per 100,000 population ***,the cost per case identifed was cheapest for house-to-house visits[Nepalese rupee(NPR)76,500/case],followed by contact tracing(NPR 90,286/case)and prison screening(NPR 298,300/case).House-to-house and contact tracing case paucibacillary/multibacillary(PB:MB)ratios were 59:41 and 68:32;female/male ratios 63:37 and 57:43;pediatric cases 11%in both approaches;and grade-2 disabilities(G2D)11%and 5%,*** leprosy was not signifcantly diferent among household and neighbor contacts[odds ratios(OR)=1.4,95%confdence interval(CI):0.24-5.85]and for contacts of MB versus PB cases(OR=0.7,95%CI 0.26-2.0).Attack rates were not signifcantly d

关键词： Leprosy Early case detection Community-based epidemiology Hidden case New case detection rate Attack rate Cost per case identifed Nepal

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Impact of hepatitis C virus core mutations on the response to interferon-based treatment in chronic hepatitis C

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2016年第37期22卷 8406-8413页

作者： Camelia Sultana Gabriela Oprisan Monica Delia Teleman Sorin Dinu HepGen 88/2012 Project Team Cristiana Oprea Mihai Voiculescu Simona Ruta Virology Discipline Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Emergent diseases Department Stefan S.Nicolau Institute of Virology Faculty of Pharmacy Titu Maiorescu University Molecular epidemiology Laboratory NIRDMI Cantacuzino Department of Microbiology and epidemiology Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Clinic of infectious and Tropical diseases Fundeni Institute

AIM To determine whether hepatitis C virus(HCV) core substitutions play a role in the response to interferon-based treatment in Caucasian patients. METHODS One hundred eight HCV chronically infected patients initiating treatment with pegylated IFN plus ribavirin for 48 wk were tested for baseline substitutions at codons 70 and 91 of the viral core protein(Big Dye Terminator vers.3.1, Applied Biosystems,) and for genetic polymorphisms in host IL28 B gene rs12979860(Custom TaqM an 5' allelic discrimination assay; Applied Biosystems).RESULTS Of the patients, all were infected with HCV genotype 1b, 44.4% had low baseline HCV viral load, and 37.9% had mild/moderate fibrosis. Only 38.9% achieved therapeutic success, defined as sustained virological response(SVR). Eighty-eight percent of the patients presented at least one substitution at core position 70(R70Q/H) or/and position 91(L91M). The favorable IL28 B CC polymorphism was detected in only 17.6% of the patients. In the univariate analysis, young age(P < 0.001), urban residence(P = 0.004), IL28 B CC genotype(P < 0.001), absence of core mutations(P = 0.005), achievement of rapid virologic response(P < 0.001) and early virological response(P < 0.001) were significantly correlated with SVR. A multivariate analysis revealed three independent predictors of therapeutic success: young age(P < 0.001), absence of core substitutions(P = 0.04) and IL28 B CC genotype(P < 0.001); the model correctly classified 75.9% of SVR cases with a positive predictive value of 80.7%. CONCLUSION HCV core mutations can help distinguish between patients who can still benefit from the affordable IFNbased therapy from those who must be treated with DAAs to prevent the evolution towards end-stage liver disease.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis C Caucasian patients Core substitutions IL28B polymorphism Treatment

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Spatio-temporal history of H9N2 viruses in Iran and neighbor countries by Bayesian analysis and molecular characterization

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2021年第7期14卷 309-315页

作者： Nima Ghalekhani Saied Bokaie Sana Eybpoosh Hesameddin Akbarein Divisions of epidemiology&Zoonoses Department of Food Hygiene and Quality ControlFaculty of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of TehranIran HIV/STI Surveillance research Center and WHO Collaborating Center for HIV SurveillanceInstitute for Futures Studies in HealthKerman University of Medical SciencesKermanIran Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious DiseasesPasteur Institute of IranTehranIran

Objective: To delineate the H9N2 influenza virus circulation within Iran and its neighboring countries, the potential source of the epidemic in these countries, and its date of ***: We obtained all hemagglutinin(HA) and neuraminidase(NA) nucleotide sequences of influenza H9N2 available up to December 25, 2020 from Iran and its neighboring countries(i.e., Pakistan, Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Iraq). We also performed a Bayesian Markov chain Monte Carlo method to infer the evolutionary dynamic and the most recent common ancestor for the HA and NA ***: H9N2 epidemic may have started in Iran and Pakistan much earlier than the other investigated countries in the region, and an ongoing bidirectional dispersion of the virus between the investigated countries was also observed. The mean time of the most recent common ancestor of H9N2 viruses was 1988 for HA, and 1992 for ***: Strains from investigated countries rooted in Pakistan and Iran. Regular surveillance of H9N2 viruses, especially in the live bird markets, enhancing the biosecurity of poultry industry and screening newly arriving immigrants and tourists from neighboring countries at border should be considered to control spread of the virus. Furthermore, surveillance of viral molecular evolution should be initiated for effective prevention of epidemic and pandemic spreads.

关键词： Influenza virus H9N2 Bayesian phylogeographic Iran

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Enteroaggregative Escherichia aoliisolated from Chinese diarrhea patients with high-pathogenicity island of Yersinia'xs involved in synthesis of siderophore yersiniabactin

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第37期11卷 5816-5820页

作者： Jing Hu Biao Kan Zhi-Hua Liu Shou-Yi Yu Department of epidemiology Southern Medical College Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China Department of Genetics Institute of Epidemiology and MicrobiologyChinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention Beijing 102206 China Department of infectious diseases Nanfang Hospital Southem Medical College Guangzhou 510515 Guangdong Province China

AIM: To investigate the distribution of 12 high-pathogenicity island (HPI) genes and the relation between HPI genes and expression of yersiniabactin (Ybt) in enteroaggregative ***(EAggEC) isolated from Chinese diarrhea ***: The distribution of 12 HPI genes was investigated by PCR and DNA hybridization in two prototype strains of EAggEC, EAggEC 17-2, EAggEC O42, and 6 clinical EAggEC isolates from China. The production of siderophore Ybt in HPI-positive strains was detected by reporter gene bioassay to determine the relation between HPI genes and expression of Ybt. Flow cytometry was used to detect fluorescent signal of the reporter strain that could designate production of ***: Seven strains were HPI-positive and one strain was HPI-negative. Six of the seven HPI-positive strains were inserted into asnT-tRNA site. Moreover, seven EAggEC HPI-positive strains revealed enhanced fluorescence signal but the EAggEC HPI-negative strain did not. However, there was a difference in Ybt expression condition and level among these seven EAggEC HPI-positive strains. Although UFT073 strain, the prototype strain of uropathogenic ***(UPEC), carried the complete HPI core part, we did not detect the expression of Ybt in ***: EAggEC HPI-positive strains can express the Ybt system, but the presence of HPI core part does not mean the functional expression of Ybt.

关键词： High-pathogenicity island Enteroaggregative Escherichia colt, Yersiniabactin

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Baseline Characteristics and Treatment Patterns of the Patients Recruited to the China Registry of Hepatitis B

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2019年第4期7卷 322-328页

作者： Shan Shan Hong You Junqi Niu Jia Shang Wen Xie Yuexin Zhang Xun Li Hong Ren Hong Tang Huiguo Ding Xihong Wang Yuemin Nan Xiaoguang Dou Tao Han Lingyi Zhang Xiaoqing Liu Cunliang Deng Jilin Cheng Xiaozhong Wang Qing Xie Shumei Lin Yan Huang Youqing Xu Yong Xiong Wu Li Xuebing Yan Hongxin Piao Wenxiang Huang Qinghua Lu Weijin Gong Shiping Li Xiaoxuan Hu Xiaolan Zhang Shourong Liu Yufang Li Dongliang Yang Hai Li Caixia Yang Mingliang Cheng Liaoyun Zhang Huanwei Zheng Xinhua Luo Feng Lin Lei Wang Guanghua Xu Xiaoyuan Xu Lai Wei Jinlin Hou Zhongping Duan Hui Zhuang Xizhong Yang Yuanyuan Kong Jidong Jia the CR-HepB study group,Beijing,China Liver research Center Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Key Laboratory of Translational Medicine on Liver CirrhosisNational Clinical Research Center for Digestive DiseasesBeijingChina Department of Hepatology First Hospital of Jilin UniversityChangchunJilinChina Department of infectious diseases Henan Provincial People's HospitalZhengzhouHenanChina Center of Liver diseases Beijing Ditan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Department of infectious diseases First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical UniversityUrumqiXinjiangChina Department of General Surgery The First Hospital of Lanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina Department of infectious diseases The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityChongqingChina Center of infectious diseases West China Hospital of Sichuan UniversityChengduSichuanChina Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Center of infectious diseases The Third People's Hospital of TaiyuanTaiyuanShanxiChina Department of Traditional and Western Medical Hepatology The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical UniversityShijiazhuangHebeiChina Department of infectious diseases Shengjing Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyangLiaoningChina Department of Hepatology Tianjin Third Central HospitalTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina Department of Hepatology Lanzhou University Second HospitalLanzhouGansuChina Department of infectious diseases Peking Union Medical College HospitalBeijingChina Department of infectious diseases The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical UniversityLuzhouGansuChina Department of Gastroenterology Shanghai Public Health Clinical CenterShanghaiChina Department of Hepatology Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region Traditional Chinese Medicine HospitalUrumqiXinjiangChina Department of infectious diseases Shanghai Ruijin HospitalJiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiChina Department of infectious diseases Th

Background and Aims: Chronic hepatitis B virus(HBV)in-fection remains a major public health problem ***,we describe the baseline characteristics and treatment pro-files of HBV-infected patients recruited to the China Registry of Hepatitis ***: Inclusion criteria were patients with different stages of chronic HBV infection and complete key *** criteria were patients with hepatocellular *** baseline clinical,laboratory and treatment pro-files were ***: Finally,40,431 patients were *** median age was 43 years,with 65.2%being men and 51.3%being positive for hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg).The most common initial diagnosis was chronic hep-atitis B(81.0%),followed by cirrhosis(9.3%),inactive carrier of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg)(6.7%),and immune tolerant phase of hepatitis B infection(3.0%).Among the 21,228 patients who were on treatment,88.0%,10.0%and 2.0%received nucleos(t)ide analogues(NAs),interferon or combination of NAs and interferon,*** propor-tion of patients who received preferred NAs(entecavir or te-nofovir disoproxil fumarate)had increased from 13.5%in 2003 to 79.7%in ***: We concluded that middle-aged men accounted for most of the patients with chronic hepatitis B in this cross-sectional *** half of the patients were *** were the most com-monly used therapy,and use of the preferred NAs had steadily increased in the past decade.

关键词： Hepatitis B Treatment Registry

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First report of human infection by Rhodoplanes sp.,Alphaproteobacteria in China

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2011年第3期4卷 248-250页

作者： Zhang LJ Wang GQ Yu HL Wang J Wang SW Jia Y Yu YY Xu JG Department of Rickettsiology National Institute of Communicable Disease Control and PreventionChina CDC Department of infectious diseases Peking University First Hospital Department of infectious diseases Peking UniversityFirst Hospital

We isolated a novel strain of Alphaproteobacteria from a patient,who had medical history of chronic rhinitis for more than twenty years and recently experienced local skin abscess and ulcer. He eventually died of multiple organ failure due to multi-antibiotics *** identified the microorganism by 16SrRNA sequencing and found that it belonged to the genus Rhodoplanes. It was named as Rhodoplanes *** *** is resumed that Rhodoplanes *** ZLJ-0 might be an emerging human pathogen involving in unknown febrile conditions and could cause local infection of any tissues or *** diagnosis of febrile patients should be conducted in clinical practice and research on emerging pathogens of Alphaproteobacteria should be performed to determine the epidemiology,clinical symptoms and pathogenic features of these pathogens.

关键词： Rhodoplanes sp. Infection Alphaproteobacteria Isolation Pathogen

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Increased circulating level of interleukin-6 and CD8+T cell exhaustion are associated with progression of COVID-19

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infectious diseases of Poverty 2020年第6期9卷 42-50页

作者： Peng-Hui Yang Yi-Bo Ding Zhe Xu Rui Pu Ping U Jin Yan Ji-Luo Liu Fan-Ping Meng Lei Huang Lei Shi Tian-Jun Jiang En-Qiang Qin Min Zhao Da-Wei Zhang Peng Zhao Ling-Xiang Yu Zhao-Hai Wang Zhi-Xian Hong Zhao-Hui Xiao Qing Xi De-Xi Zhao Peng Yu Cai-Zhong Zhu Zhu Chen Shao-Geng Zhang Jun-Sheng Ji Fu-Sheng Wang Guang-Wen Cao Department of Hepatobiliary The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing100039China Treatment and research Center for infectious diseases The Fifth Medical Center of PLA General HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for Infectious DiseasesBeijing100039China Department of epidemiology Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai200433China

Background: Coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)is *** is critical to identify COVID-19 patients who are most likely to develop a severe *** study was designed to determine the clinical and epidemiological features of COVID-19 patients associated with the development of pneumonia and factors associated with disease ***:: Seventy consecutive patients with etiologically confirmed COVID-19 admitted to PLA General Hospital in Beijing,China from December 27,2019 to March 12,2020 were enrolled in this study and followed-up to March 16,*** in clinical and laboratory findings between COVID-19 patients with pneumonia and those without were determined by theχ2 test or the Fisher exact test(categorical variables)and independent group t test or Mann–Whitney U test(continuous variables).The Cox proportional hazard model and Generalized Estimating Equations were applied to evaluate factors that predicted the progression of ***: The mean incubation was 8.67(95%confidence interval,6.78–10.56)*** duration from the first test severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-positive to conversion was 11.38(9.86–12.90)*** to pneumonia-free patients,pneumonia patients were 16.5 years older and had higher frequencies of having hypertension,fever,and cough and higher circulating levels of neutrophil proportion,interleukin-6,low count(<190/µl)of CD8+T cells,and neutrophil/lymphocyte *** patients deteriorated during *** regression analysis indicated that older age and higher serum levels of interleukin-6,C-reactive protein,procalcitonin,and lactate at admission significantly predicted the progression of *** hospitalization,circulating counts of T lymphocytes,CD4+T cells,and CD8+T cells were lower,whereas neutrophil proportion,neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio,and the circulating levels of interleukin-6,C-reactive protein,and procalcitonin were higher,in pneumonia patients than in pneumo

关键词： COVID-19 Progression Interleukin-6 CD8+T cell exhaustion Prospective case series

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Analysis of the Practice of Community-Based Self-Sampling and Its Implication on Prevention and Control of infectious diseases—Fengtai District,Beijing Municipality,China,2022

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China CDC weekly 2023年第10期5卷 213-217页

作者： Yaping Wang Shugang Li Hao Wu Jue Liu Department of epidemiology and Biostatistics School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijingChina School of Public Health Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina School of General Practice and Continuing Education Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Global Health and Development Peking UniversityBeijingChina Global Center for infectious Disease and Policy research and Global Health and infectious diseases Group Peking UniversityBeijingChina

Summary What is already known about this topic?So far,no descriptive analysis has been conducted on community residents with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)nucleic acid self-sampling in *** is added by this report?This report found that self-sampling had a wide age and regional distribution,with the time from selfsampling to result-reporting typically taking less than one ***,self-sampling was found to save a considerable amount of manpower and medical resources compared to regular *** are the implications for public health practice?The experience of prevention and control measures during the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic has provided a reference for the prevention and control of other infectious diseases through selfsampling.

关键词： prevention acute respiratory

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Stepwise prediction and statistical screening:B-cell epitopes on neuraminidase of human avian H_5N_1 virus

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2008年第23期53卷 3642-3647页

作者： HUANG Ping YU ShouYi KE ChangWen Key Laboratory for Emergency Pathogen Detection Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Guangdong Province Guang- zhou 510300 China Department of epidemiology Southern Medical University Guangzhou 510515 China Collaborating Center for Surveillance Research and Training of Emerging infectious Diseases World Health Organization Guangzhou 510300 China

The B-cell epitopes of virus are associated with the antiviral drug and the vaccine screening. As the nucleotide sequences of neuraminidase (NA) of stain GD-01-06 were sequenced, we predicted the α-helix and β-fold structure and the indexes of the flexible regions of secondary structure of NA with methods of the Hydrophilicity plot by Kyte-Doolittle, the Surface probability plot by Emini and the Antigenic index by Jameson-Wolf, and then screened statistically the parameters to predict B-cell epitopes by the Hierarchical cluster and the Bivariate correlation and the quartiles with SPSS 13.0. The impact of variation of amino acids in NA on its epitopes was analyzed. The predictive results were evaluated by Wu’s Antigenic Index and SWISS-MODEL. We found that the most possible epitopes on NA were located within or nearby its N-terminal Nos. 120―137, 81―84, 408―415, 273―282, 429―432, 356―368, 46―55, 146―155, 341―350 and 198―209, which were the dominant regions of NA epitopes. Peptide 120―137 including the glycoprotein domain (NGT126―128) was first chosen as the B-cell epitopes on NA. NA in H5N1 strain isolated after 2003 lacked in No. 53 amino acid (I), resulting in an increase in the surface flexible region of NA in GD-01-06 and an enlargement to their epitope regions (VEP46―48→ VEPISNTNFL46―55). Conclusively, prediction of the B-cell epitopes on the NA based on multiple parameters is useful for researches on the molecular immunology and drug screening and immuno-prophylaxis. A deletion of No. 53 amino acid (I) in NA in strain GD-01-06 might increase its antigenicity.

关键词：唾液酸苷酶人体 H5N1病毒细胞

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Identification and characterization of two human immunodeficiency virus type 1 unique recombinant forms from Yunnan, China

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Virologica Sinica 2016年第2期31卷 184-187页

作者： Jianjian Li Lin Li Shaomin Yang Jingyun Li Mi Zhang Cuixian Yang Jiafa Liu Huiqin Li Yunnan Provincial Hospital of infectious Disease AIDS Care Center (YNACC) Department of AIDS research State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology

Dear Editor,Recombination contributes greatly to the diversity of human immunodeficiency virus type 1（HIV-1）.A large number of recombinant strains have been found in China,particularly in Yunnan,which is considered the HIV-1 epicenter of *** of unique recombinant forms is helpful for prediction of new circulating recombinant forms.

关键词： China epicenter subtype helpful inserted backbone circulating genomic http contained

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