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Effects of seasonal variation on soil microbial community structure and enzyme activity in a Masson pine forest in Southwest China

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Journal of Mountain Science 2020年第6期17卷 1398-1409页

作者： LUO Song-ping HE Bing-hui ZENG Qing-ping LI Nan-jie YANG Lei College of Resources and Environment Southwest UniversityChongqing 400715China Technology Consulting research center of soil and water conservation of Guizhou Province Guiyang 550002China Chongqing Engineering Technology research center for Information Management in Development Chongqing Technology and Business UniversityChongqing 400067China State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China

soil microbial communities and enzyme activities play key roles in soil *** are sensitive to changes in environmental factors,including seasonal temperature,precipitation variations and soil *** understand the interactive mechanisms of seasonal changes that affect soil microbial communities and enzyme activities in a subtropical masson pine(Pinus massoniana)forest,we investigated the soil microbial community structure and enzyme activities to identify the effect of seasonal changes on the soil microbial community for two years in Jinyun Mountain National Nature Reserve,Chongqing,*** soil microbial community structure was investigated using phospholipid fatty acids(PLFAs).The results indicated that a total of 36 different PLFAs were identified,and 16:0 was found in the highest proportions in the four seasons,moreover,the total PLFAs abundance were highest in spring and lowest in *** and actinomycetes were the dominant types in the study *** changes also had a significant(Psoil enzyme *** maximum and minimum values of the invertase and catalase activities were observed in autumn and winter,***,the maximum and minimum values of the urease and phosphatase acid enzymatic activities were found in spring and winter,*** correspondence analysis(CCA)analysis revealed that the seasonal shifts in soil community composition and enzyme activities were relatively more sensitive to soil moisture and temperature,but the microbial community structure and enzyme activity were not correlated with soil pH in the study *** study highlights how the seasonal variations affect the microbial community and function(enzyme activity)to better understand and predict microbial responses to future climate regimes in subtropical area.

关键词： PLFA analysis soil microorganisms soil enzymes Seasonal shifts soil moisture soil temperature

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Industrial land expansion in rural China threatens environmental securities

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Frontiers of environmental Science & Engineering 2021年第2期15卷 127-139页

作者： Chi Zhang Wenhui Kuang Jianguo Wu Jiyuan Liu Hanqin Tian Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of water and soil conservation and environmental protection Linyi UniversityLinyi 276000China Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China School of Life Sciences&School of Sustainability Arizona State UniversityTempeAZ 85287USA International center for Climate and Global Change research School of Forestry and Wildlife SciencesAuburn UniversityAuburnAL 36849USA

China’s rural industrialization has been a major driver for its rapid economic growth during the recent decades,but its myriad environmental risks are yet to be fully *** on a comprehensive national land-use data set,our study shows that the area of China’s rural industrial land(RIL)quadrupled during 1990–2015,reaching 39338 km2 in 2015,comparable to urbanization in magnitude but with a much greater degree of landscape fragmentation which implies stronger ecological and environmental *** 91%of the protected areas in the central China were within 50 km from rural industrial land,thus exposed to industrial *** rural industrial land expansion,particularly in regions under high geo-hazard risks,led to dramatically increased environmental risks,threatening the safety and health of both rural industrial workers and ***,negative effects from rural industrial land expansion could partially offset the crop production growth in recent *** underprivileged rural population in the west bears a disproportionally large share of the increased environmental *** urgently needs to design and implement sustainable policies to restrict and reshape its rural *** study aims to inspire policy makers and researchers to rethink the current model of industrial expansion and improve rural industrial land planning,which is important for achieving the sustainable development goals of China.

关键词： Industrialization Land-use change Environment risks environmental security Urbanization China

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Stability of potentially toxic elements in municipal sludge biochars modified by MgCl2 and phosphate

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Waste Disposal and Sustainable Energy 2023年第1期5卷 13-23页

作者： Qiqi Huang Siqi Chen Jinhao Lin Jingzi Beiyuan Jin Wang Juan Liu Yundang Wu Xiaolian Wu Fuhua Li Wenbing Yuan Chengrong Nie School of environmental and Chemical Engineering Foshan UniversityFoshan528000China School of Food Science and Technology Foshan UniversityFoshan528000China Foshan Engineering and Technology research center for Contaminated soil Remediation School of Environmental and Chemical EngineeringFoshan UniversityFoshan528000China School of environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Water Quality and Conservation in the Pearl River DeltaMinistry of EducationGuangzhou UniversityGuangzhou510006China Guangdong Key Laboratory of Integrated Agro-environmental Pollution Control and Management Institute of Eco-Environmental and Soil SciencesGuangdong Academy of SciencesNational-Regional Joint Engineering Research Center for Soil Pollution Control and Remediation in South ChinaGuangzhou510650China

Municipal wastewater sludge can be pyrolyzed as biochars to better use nutrients and stabilize carbon compared with other typical technologies,such as landfill and ***,sludge-derived biochars might contain large amounts of potentially toxic elements(PTEs),such as Zn,Cu,Cr,Ni,Pb,and *** stability of PTEs in biochars might be improved by higher pyrolytic temperatures,which can be further improved by different ***,PO4-modification at 300°C and Cl-modification at 700°C were carried out,respectively,to enhance the stability of *** leaching tests have been performed to assess the stability of PTEs in biochars,including the synthetic precipitation leaching procedure(SPLP),toxicity characteristic leaching procedure(TCLP),diethylenetriamine pentaacetate(DTPA)extraction,and in vitro simple bioaccessibility extraction test(SBET).The morphological structure,elemental mapping,and mineral formation of the pristine and modified biochars were studied by scanning electron microscopy–energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy(SEM–EDS)and X-ray diffraction(XRD).Our results suggested that the leachability,mobility,plant-availability,and bioaccessibility of most PTEs were decreased by pyrolysis,yet the total contents of PTEs were elevated,especially at 700°***,modification by phosphates and MgCl2 enhanced the stability of PTEs in ***,it should be noted that higher bioaccessibility of PTEs was observed in biochars of P-modification than Cl-modification,which is associated with the dissolution of phosphate precipitates under acidic conditions(pH<2).Additionally,Cl-modification leads to higher plant-available Zn and Cu and bioaccessible Zn compared with the unmodified biochar produced at 700°C.

关键词： Biochar modification Sludge biochar Sewage sludge utilization Chlorination Pyrolysis Heavy metals

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Runoff Characteristics of Different Stands in Dongjiang Lake Reservoir Area

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Meteorological and environmental research 2024年第4期15卷 36-38页

作者： Zhangquan ZENG Yaqin XIAO Dewei XIAO Qinxiang SHAN Ni ZHANG Yang SONG Canming ZHANG Rui YANG Hengshan research Station of Forest Ecosystem Hunan Academy of ForestryChangsha 410004China Zixing City Chukou Forest Farm Zixing 423407China Hunan Forest Grassland Fire Monitoring and Dispatching Evaluation center Changsha 410004China Zixing City Tian enshan Forest Farm Zixing 423406China Hunan water Resources research&Development center Changsha 410013China

Different forest stands in the Dongjiang Lake Reservoir area of Zixing were selected as the research objects to study the characteristics of runoff generation in different forest *** results showed that there was no significant difference in annual runoff among M3,M1,and M5,and no significant difference between each forest stand and the *** order was M3(22.75 mm)>M1(21.77 mm)>M5(20.14 mm).Forest vegetation generates less runoff through vegetation restoration compared to the control,indicating that forest vegetation reconstruction and restoration are beneficial for soil and water conservation.

关键词： Dongjiang Lake Reservoir area Stand Surface runoff Forest management

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Output Characteristics of Non-point Nitrogen and Phosphorus from a Typical Small watershed in Yimeng Mountainous Area during a Rainstorm

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Meteorological and environmental research 2012年第5期3卷 15-18页

作者： LIU Zhan-ren ZHANG Chun-ping LI Zhen-wei YU Xing-xiu JING Guang-hua Key Laboratory of soil&water conservation and environmental protection of Shandong Province Institute of Soil&Water Conservation andEnvironmental ProtectionLinyi UniversityLinyi 276000China The Division of water and soil conservation of the Huaihe River Commis-sion Ministry of Water ResourcesBengbu 233001China

[ Objective] The study aimed to reveal the output characteristics of non-point nitrogen and phosphorus from a typical small watershed in Yimeng mountainous area during a rainstorm. [Method] The dynamic changes of pollutant concentration, precipitation and flow during the rainstorm on August 12, 2010 were monitored at the outlet of Menglianggu watershed. [ Result] During the rainstorm, the generation of runoff was sudden and ephemeral, and the peak of the runoff lagged behind that of rainfall intensity; the concentration of AN and TN increased firstly and then tended to be stable, while NN concentration had no significance change at the beginning of the rainfall, then improved gradually and tended to be stable fi- nally; DOP concentration had no obvious change during the rainstorm, but the concentration of DIP, DP, PP and TP rose firstly and then tended to be stable, and the peak values appeared before the peak of the flow. In addition, the output concentration of TN and TP was far higher than the standard concentration of water eutrophication. [ Conclusion] The study can provide scientific references for the reasonable control of non-point source pollution pollution in Yimeng mountainous area.

关键词： Rainfall runoff Rainstorm Loss of nitrogen and phosphorus Yimeng mountainous area China

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Spatiotemporal change of beneficiary area from wind erosion prevention service in the Ulan Buh Desert in 2008 and 2018

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Geography and Sustainability 2022年第2期3卷 119-128页

作者： Wenjie Hu Xiuqin Wu Kebin Zhang School of soil and water conservation Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China

The Ulan Buh Desert is one of the eight deserts in China that provides wind erosion prevention service(i.e.,the ecosystem;vegetation,production,and construction activities that promote sand fixation).It is significant for the construction of the national ecological barrier,and the protection of the ecological security in the Yellow River and North *** this study,we selected two representative years(2008 and 2018)and quantified wind erosion prevention service from the Ulan Buh Desert using the RWEQ ***,the HYSPLIT model was used to simulate the spatial flow process from the service supply area to the beneficiary area and to determine its *** specific dust reduction amount in the beneficiary area was then *** energy and the time-space relation of wind erosion prevention service in the areas that receive benefits from Ulan Buh Desert were compared before and after implementing environmental restoration *** results showed that:(1)the total amount of wind erosion prevention in the Ulan Buh Desert in 2018 was 2.12×10^(10)kg,which was 5.17 times higher than that in 2008;(2)in 2018,the distribution density of the flow path of wind erosion prevention service was lower than that in 2008,and the flow paths in each year were concentrated in the beneficiary areas with the path distribution frequency of less than 10%;(3)the total dust reduction in the downwind area of the Ulan Buh Desert in 2018 was higher than that in 2008,totaling 15.54 million *** Mongolia Autonomous Region and Shanxi Province had the most significant amount of dust reduction.

关键词： Wind erosion prevention service HYSPLIT model Beneficiary area Dust reduction capacity The Ulan Buh Desert

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Validation of an agricultural non-point source(AGNPS)pollution model for a catchment in the Jiulong River watershed,China

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Journal of environmental Sciences 2008年第5期20卷 599-606页

作者： LIU Jianchang ZHANG Luoping ZHANG Yuzhen HONG Huasheng DENG Hongbing State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China State Key Laboratory of Marine environmental Science Environmental Science Research Center of Xiamen University Xiamen 361005 China Fujian research Academy of environmental Sciences Environmental Protection Bureau of Fufian Province Fuzhou 350003 China

This study tested and evaluated the agricultural non-point source （AGNPS） model for the Wuchuan catchment, a typical agricultural area in the Jiulong River watershed, Fujian Province, China. The AGNPS model was calibrated and validated for the study area with observed data on ten storms. The data on eight storms in 2002 were used for calibration while data on two storms were used for validation of the model. Considering the lack of water quality data over a long-term series, a novel method, comparing an internal nested catchment with its surrounding catchment, was used to supplement the less long-term series data. Dual calibration and validation of the AGNPS model was obtained by this comparison. The results indicate that the correlation coefficients were 0.99 and 0.98 for runoff, 0.94 and 0.95 for the peak runoff rate of the large catchment and the small catchment, respectively, and 0.76 for the sediment of the small catchment only. Each pair of correlation coefficients is homogeneous for the same event for the two catchments. With the exception of the sediment yield and particulate phosphorus, the peak runoff rate and other nutrients were well predicted. Sensitivity analysis showed that the soil conservation Service curve number and rainfall quantity were the most sensitive parameters, which resulted in high output variations. Erosivity and other parameters had little influence on the hydrological and quality outputs.

关键词： non-point source pollution agricultural non-point source (AGNPS) agriculture runoff nitrogen phosphorus sediment

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Primary environmental factors controlling gully distribution at the local and regional scale:An example from Northeastern China

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International soil and water conservation research 2021年第1期9卷 58-68页

作者： Yushu Zhou Bin Zhang Wei Qin Qingchun Deng Jun Luo Hui Liu Dan Yang Houling Wang Ying Zhao School of Land and Resources China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009PR China Sichuan Provincial Engineering Laboratory of Monitoring and Control for soil Erosion on Dry Valleys China West Normal UniversityNanchong637009PR China State Key Laboratory of Simulation and Regulation of water Cycle in River Basin China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower ResearchBeijing100048PR China research center on soil and water conservation of the Ministry of water Resources Beijing 100048PR China

Gully erosion is the main cause of global land *** factors controlling gully erosion at watershed scale have been extensively studied,but the spatial pattern of gullies and their primary environmental factors are *** order to explore the primary factors at the regional scale of over thousands of square kilometers,34 sample areas were selected in northeastern China and 10 environ-mental factors were *** on gully interpretations from high-resolution Google Earth images and spatial analysis,kernel density estimation(with polyline features),and correlation analysis,the results show that the maximum kernel density(KD)of the 34 sample areas ranged from 0.11 to 87.16,and there were significant positive correlations between the average KD and the maximum value and standard *** the regional scale,topography(relief amplitude,slope,surface roughness,surface incision,and elevation with correlation coefficients(p)of 0.60,0.59,0.57,0.48,and 0.41 respectively)was the primary environmental factor,with a significant positive correlation with *** correlation co-efficients of the normalized difference vegetation index(NDVI)(p=032),annual precipitation(p=0.19),and soil(silt,sand,and clay content with p of 0.139,-0.117,and 0.085,respectively)decreased succes-sively with the *** sample area scale,there were six areas with weak correlations between envi-ronmental factors and KD,20 areas with topographic factors,six areas with annual precipitation,and two areas with NDVI as the primary *** correlation between soil texture and KD was *** were different positive or negative correlations between the environmental factors and *** spatial dis-tribution of gullies in northeastern China is heterogeneous,and the primary environmental factors were *** study will help to understand the spatial pattern and formation mechanism of gullies at large scale.

关键词： Gully distribution environmental factors Kernel density estimation Correlation analysis Large scale Northeastern China

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The off-site implications of deforestation on sedimentation rates and pollution in Abkenar open water (Anzali Lagoon, Caspian Sea) using radionuclide techniques and sediment quality indices

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International Journal of Sediment research 2022年第3期37卷 370-382页

作者： Mohammadreza Gharibreza Mohammad Zaman Mahmood Arabkhedri Shahriar Sobh-Zahedi soil conservation and watershed Management research Institute Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) soil and water Management & Crop Nutrition Section Joint FAO/IAEA Division of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture International Atomic Energy AgencyVienna International Centre Guilan Agricultural and Natural Resources research and Education center AREEO

Abkenar open water(AOW) has a 35 km~2 distribution and is the largest part of the Anzali Lagoon in the southern coastal zone of the Caspian Sea. The effects of deforestation in the upstream basin of the AOW were assessed by measuring the rate of sedimentation, sediment contamination, and ecological risk for aquatic life and end-users using radioisotopes Cesium-137 and Lead-210. The chronology of the AOW sediment column was studied using the Constant Rate of Supply model. Correlations between environmental changes and the sedimentary regime of the study area highlight the contribution of the AOW authorized international and local wood harvesting companies pre-and-post 1950 in the catchment in terms of the rate of sediment supply and the influx of toxic metals. Historical evidence shows that two specific layers formed during World Wars I and II with the mean rates of 0.185 ± 0.04(±STD) and 0.32 ± 0.02 kg/(m·y), respectively. The highest influx of alkali elements and toxic metals(nickel, cadmium, lead, zinc, and copper) into the basin occurred in 1945. Two layers of gray mud(16-50 cm) and organic-rich dark loss mud(0-16 cm) correlated well with the programmed wood harvesting *** layers accumulated from 1953 to 2000 with a mean rate of 0.6 ± 0.2 and 2 ± 0.7 kg/(m~2·y). Thus,aquatic life and end-users have been exposed to moderate to extremely high levels of toxic metals and a moderate level of contamination since the 1950 s.

关键词： Abkenar open water Accumulation rate Anzali Lagoon Sediment contamination CRS model Radioisotopes

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Shoot and root traits in drought tolerant maize(Zea mays L.) hybrids

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第5期17卷 1093-1105页

作者： ZHAO Jin XUE Qing-wu Kirk E Jessup HOU Xiao-bo HAO Bao-zhen Thomas H Marek XU Wen-wei Steven R Evett Susan A O'Shaughnessy David K Brauer Texas A&M AgriLife research and Extension center at Amarillo TX 79106 USA Department of soil Water and Environmental Sciences University of Arizona AZ 85721 USA School of Science and Technology Xinxiang University Xinxiang 453003 P.R.China Texas A&M AgriLife research and Extension center at Lubbock TX 79403 USA USDA-ARS conservation and Production research Laboratory TX 79012 USA

This study aimed to investigate the differences in shoot and root traits, and water use and water use efficiency（WUE） in drought tolerant（DT） maize（Zea mays L.） hybrids under full and deficit irrigated conditions. A two-year greenhouse study was conducted with four hybrids（one conventional hybrid, 33D53AM, two commercial DT hybrids, P1151 AM, N75H, and an experimental hybrid, Exp HB） grown under two water regimes（I（100） and I（50）, referring to 100 and 50% of evapotranspiration requirements）. Under water stress, the hybids P1151 AM, N75, and Exp HB showed more drought tolerance and had either greater shoot dry weight or less dry weight reduction than the conventional hybrid（33 D53 AM）. However, these three hybrids responded to water stress using different mechanisms. Compared with the conventional hybrid, the two commercial DT hybrids（P1151 AM and N75H） had a smaller leaf area, shoot dry weight, and root system per plant. As a result, these hybrids used less water but had a higher WUE compared with the conventional hybrid. In contrast, the experimental hybrid（ExpHB） produced more shoot biomass by silking stage at both irrigation levels than all other hybrids, but it had relatively lower WUE. The hybrids demonstrated different drought response mechanisms that may require different irrigation management strategies. More investigation and validation are needed under field conditions and in different soil types.

关键词： drought tolerant hybrid rooting characteristics water use water use efficiency

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