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Small-world networks of neuroblastoma cells cultured in three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds featuring multi-scale roughness

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Neural regeneration research 2020年第4期15卷 759-768页

作者： Valentina Onesto Angelo Accardo Christophe Vieu Francesco Gentile center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare Italian Institute of TechnologyNaplesItaly Laboratoire d’Analyse et d’Architecture des Systemes(LAAS) Centre National de la Recherche ScientifiqueUniversite de ToulouseCNRSToulouseFrance Institut national des Sciences Appliquees–INSA ToulouseFrance department of Electric Engineering and Information technology University Federico IINaplesItaly department of Precision and Microsystems Engineering Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 22628 CD DelftThe Netherlands

Understanding the mechanisms underlying cell-surface interaction is of fundamental importance for the rational design of scaffolds aiming at tissue engineering,tissue repair and neural regeneration ***,we examined patterns of neuroblastoma cells cultured in three-dimensional polymeric scaffolds obtained by two-photon *** of the intrinsic resolution of the technique,the micrometric cylinders composing the scaffold have a lateral step size of^200 nm,a surface roughness of around 20 nm,and large values of fractal dimension approaching *** found that cells in the scaffold assemble into separate groups with many elements per *** cell wiring,we found that resulting networks exhibit high clustering,small path lengths,and small-world *** values of the topological characteristics of the network can potentially enhance the quality,quantity and density of information transported in the network compared to equivalent random graphs of the same *** is one of the first direct observations of cells developing into 3d small-world networks in an artificial matrix.

关键词： 3d networks biomaterials nano-topography network topology neuro-regeneration small-world networks tissue engineering two-photon lithography

Circumventing chemo-mechanical failure of Sn foil battery anode by grain refinement and elaborate porosity design

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2021年第11期30卷 477-484,I0010页

作者： Shuibin Tu Xin Ai Xiancheng Wang Siwei Gui Zhao Cai renming Zhan Yuchen Tan Weiwei Liu Hui Yang Chenhui Li Yongming Sun State Key Laboratory of Material processing and die&Mould technology School of Materials Science and EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina b Wuhan national Laboratory for Optoelectronics and School of Optical and Electronic Information Huazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina department of Mechanics School of Aerospace EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074HubeiChina

Tin (Sn) metal foil is a promising anode for next-generation high-energy–density lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to its high capacity and easy processibility. However, the pristine Sn foil anode suffers nonuniform alloying/dealloying reaction with lithium (Li) and huge volume variation, leading to electrode pulverization and inferior electrochemical performance. Herein, we proposed that reduced grain size and elaborate porosity design of Sn foil can circumvent the nonuniform alloy reaction and buffer the volume change during the lithiation/delithiation cycling. Experimentally, we designed a three-dimensional interconnected porous Sn (3dIP-Sn) foil by a facile chemical alloying/dealloying approach, which showed improved electrochemical performance. The enhanced structure stability of the as-fabricated 3dIP-Sn foil was verified by chemo-mechanical simulations and experimental investigation. As expected, the 3dIP-Sn foil anode revealed a long cycle lifespan of 4400 h at 0.5 mA cm^(−2) and 1 mAh cm^(−2) in Sn||Li half cells. A 3dIP-Sn||LiFePO_(4) full cell with LiFePO_(4) loading of 7.1 mg cm^(−2) exhibited stable cycling for 500 cycles with 80% capacity retention at 70 mA g^(−1). Pairing with high-loading commercial LiNi0.6Co0.2Mn0.2O_(2) (NCM622, 18.4 mg cm^(−2)) cathode, a 3dIP-Sn||NCM622 full cell delivered a high reversible capacity of 3.2 mAh cm^(−2). These results demonstrated the important role of regulating the uniform alloying/dealloying reaction and circumventing the localized strain/stress in improving the electrochemical performance of Sn foil anodes for advanced LIBs.

关键词： Sn foil anode 3d interconnected porous structure Grain refinement Uniform alloying/dealloying reaction Chemo-mechanical failure

Oxygen-induced controllable p-type doping in 2d semiconductor transition metal dichalcogenides

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Nano research 2020年第12期13卷 3439-3444页

作者： Qijie Liang Jian Gou Arramel Qian Zhang Wenjing Zhang Andrew Thye Shen Wee SZU-NUS Collaborative Innovation center for Optoelectronic Science&technology International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Optoelectronics Science and Technology of Ministry of EducationCollege of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen518060China department of Physics National University of Singapore2 Science Drive 3Singapore117551Singapore department of Materials Science and Engineering National University of SingaporeSingapore117574Singapore Centre for Advanced 2d Materials National University of SingaporeBlock S146 Science Drive 2Singapore117546Singapore

Exposure to oxygen alters the physical and chemical properties of two-dimensional(2d)transition metal dichalcogenides(TMds).In particular,oxygen in the ambient may influence the device stability of 2d TMds over *** the doping of 2d TMds,especially hole doping is highly desirable towards their device ***,controllable oxygen-induced p-type doping in a range of hexagonal(MoTe2,WSe2,MoSe2 and PtSe2)and pentagonal(PdSe2)2d TMds are *** tunneling microscopy,electrical transport and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy are used to probe the origin of oxygen-derived hole *** mechanisms are postulated that contribute to the hole doping in 2d TMds,namely charge transfer from absorbed oxygen molecules,surface oxides,and chalcogen atom *** work provides insights into the doping effects of oxygen,enabling the engineering of 2d TMds properties for nanoelectronic applications.

关键词： two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides oxygen induced doping oxygen substitution charge transfer

TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)electron transport double layers with ultrathin SnO_(2)for efficient planar perovskite solar cells

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第11期31卷 74-81页

作者：李灿徐宏宇郅冲阳万志李祯 State Key Laboratory of Solidification processing Center for Nano Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringNorthwestern Polytechnical UniversityXi'an 710072China

The electron transport layer(ETL)plays an important role on the performance and stability of perovskite solar cells(PSCs).developing double ETL is a promising strategy to take the advantages of different ETL materials and avoid their ***,an ultrathin SnO_(2)layer of~5 nm deposited by atomic layer deposit(ALd)was used to construct a TiO_(2)/SnO_(2)double ETL,improving the power conversion efficiency(PCE)from 18.02%to 21.13%.The ultrathin SnO_(2)layer enhances the electrical conductivity of the double layer ETLs and improves band alignment at the ETL/perovskite interface,promoting charge extraction and *** ultrathin SnO_(2)layer also passivates the ETL/perovskite interface,suppressing nonradiative *** double ETL achieves outstanding stability compared with PSCs with TiO_(2)only *** PSCs with double ETL retains 85%of its initial PCE after 900 hours *** work demonstrates the prospects of using ultrathin metal oxide to construct double ETL for high-performance PSCs.

关键词： atomic layer deposit TiO_(2) SnO_(2) electron transport layer stability

First-principles design of spintronics materials

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national Science review 2016年第3期3卷 365-381页

作者： Xingxing Li Jinlong Yang Hefei national Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of China Synergetic Innovation center of Quantum Information& Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China

Spintronics is one of the most promising next generation information technology, which uses the spins of electrons as information carriers and possesses potential advantages of speeding up data processing, high circuit integration density, and low energy consumption. However, spintronics faces a number of challenges, including spin generation and injection, long distance spin transport, and manipulation and detection of spin orientation. In solving these issues, new concepts and spintronics materials were proposed one after another, such as half metals, spin gapless semiconductors, and bipolar magnetic *** insulators can also be viewed as a special class of spintronics materials, with their surface states used for pure spin generation and transportation. In designing these spintronics materials, first-principles calculations play a very important role. This article attempts to give a brief review of the basic principles and theoretical design of these materials. Meanwhile, we also give some attentions to the antiferromagnetic spintronics, which is mainly based on antiferromagnets and has aroused much interest in recent years.

关键词： spintronics antiferromagnetic spintronics half metals magnetic semiconductors topological insulators

18.69% PCE from organic solar cells

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Journal of Semiconductors 2021年第6期42卷 17-18页

作者： Ke Jin Zuo Xiao Liming ding center for Excellence in Nanoscience(CAS) Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication(CAS)National Center for Nanoscience and TechnologyBeijing 100190China

The exquisite design and persistent development of fused-ring-acceptor-unit-based copolymer donors and Yseries nonfullerene acceptors(NFAs)have pushed the power conversion efficiencies(PCEs)for organic solar cells onto the18%level[1-21].Our group invented copolymer donors d18 and d18-Cl[2,3].d18:Y6,d18-Cl:N3 and d18:N3 solar cells have delivered outstanding PCEs of 18.22%,18.13%and18.56%,respectively[2-4].Ternary solar cells based on a polymer donor,a NFA and a fullerene acceptor show great potential since they combine good light-harvesting capability of NFA and good electron-mobility of fullerene[5].

关键词： acceptor harvesting fused

Chaos synchronization of semiconductor lasers over 1040-km fiber relay transmission with hybrid amplification

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Photonics research 2023年第6期11卷 953-960页

作者： LONGSHENG WANG JUNLI WANG YUSHAN WU YUEHUI SUN SONGSUI LI LIANSHAN YAN YUNCAI WANG ANBANG WANG Key Laboratory of Advanced Transducers and Intelligent Control System Ministry of EducationTaiyuan 030024China College of Physics and Optoelectronics Taiyuan University of TechnologyTaiyuan 030024China School of Information Engineering Guangdong University of TechnologyGuangzhou 510006China Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Photonics Information technology Guangzhou 510006China center for Information Photonics&Communications School of Information Science and TechnologySouthwest Jiaotong UniversityChengdu 610031China

Optical chaos communication and key distribution have been extensively demonstrated with high-speed advantage but only within the metropolitan-area network range of which the transmission distance is restricted to around 300 *** secure-transmission requirement of the backbone fiber link,the critical threshold is to realize long-reach chaos ***,we propose and demonstrate a scheme of long-reach chaos synchronization using fiber relay transmission with hybrid amplification of an erbium-doped fiber amplifier(EdFA)and a distributed fiber raman amplifier(dFrA).Experiments and simulations show that the hybrid amplification extends the chaos-fidelity transmission distance thanks to that the low-noise dFrA suppresses the amplified spontaneous emission noise and self-phase *** of the hybrid-relay conditions are studied,including launching power,gain ratio of dFrA to EdFA,single-span fiber length,and number of fiber span.A 1040-km chaos synchronization with a synchronization coefficient beyond 0.90 is experimentally achieved,which underlies the backbone network-oriented optical chaos communication and key distribution.

关键词： synchronization fiber amplifier

What and where: A context-based recommendation system for object insertion

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Computational Visual Media 2020年第1期6卷 79-93页

作者： Song-Hai Zhang Zheng-Ping Zhou Bin Liu Xi dong Peter Hall Tsinghua University Beijing 100084China Beijing national research center for Information Science and technology(BNrist) Tsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China department of Computer Science Media technology research center University of BathBath BA27AYUK

We propose a novel problem revolving around two tasks:(i)given a scene,recommend objects to insert,and(ii)given an object category,retrieve suitable background scenes.A bounding box for the inserted object is predicted in both tasks,which helps downstream applications such as semiautomated advertising and video *** major challenge lies in the fact that the target object is neither present nor localized in the input,and furthermore,available datasets only provide scenes with existing *** tackle this problem,we build an unsupervised algorithm based on object-level contexts,which explicitly models the joint probability distribution of object categories and bounding boxes using a Gaussian mixture *** on our own annotated test set demonstrate that our system outperforms existing baselines on all sub-tasks,and does so using a unified *** extensions and applications are suggested.

关键词： object recommendation bounding box prediction image composition object-level context

Chilling Injury, Physicochemical Properties, and Antioxidant Enzyme Activities of red Pitahaya (Hylocereus polyrhizus) Fruits under Cold Storage Stress

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第1期90卷 291-305页

作者： Kai Sheng Saichao Wei Jun Mei Jing Xie College of Food Science and technology Shanghai Ocean UniversityShanghai201306China national Experimental Teaching demonstration center for Food Science and Engineering Shanghai Ocean University Shanghai201306China Shanghai Engineering research center of Aquatic Product processing and Preservation Shanghai201306China Shanghai Professional technology Service Platform on Cold Chain Equipment Performance and Energy Saving Evaluation Shanghai201306China

Low-temperature storage is extensively used to optimize the postharvest life of various fresh ***,red pitahaya(Hylocereus polyrhizus)fruits are sensitive to chilling injury(CI),which leads to the limitation of low-temperature *** this study,red pitahaya fruits were stored at 2,4,6,8,and 10℃,respectively,for 27 days to determine the appropriate storage *** the storage of red pitahaya fruits,storage at 8℃ was more effective in suppressing decay and maintaining quality than other low ***(2,4,and 6℃)storage decreased weight loss(WL)and maintained higher content of titratable acidity(TA),soluble sugars(SS),and total phenolics(TP)but different degrees of CI were *** CI was observed at 8℃ and 10℃.red pitahay as stored at 8 and 10℃ were associated with better color evaluation,lower electrolyte leakage(EL),respiration rate,and lipoxygenase(LOX)activity,and higher fruit firmness,superoxide dismutase(SOd)activity,and catalase(CAT)***,higher storage temperature(10℃)resulted in higher metabolic activity leading to lower quality and antioxidant capacities compared with 8℃.Therefore,our results demonstrated that red pitahaya stored at 8℃ exhibited a protective effect on fruit quality and resisted CI development during storage.

关键词： red pitahaya quality low temperature chilling injury