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Eosinophils promote CD8+ T cell memory generation to potentiate anti-bacterial immunity

Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1230-1243页

作者： Jun Zhou Jiaqi Liu Bingjing Wang Nan Li Juan Liu Yanmei Han Xuetao Cao institute of immunology Zhejiang University School of MedicineHangzhou 310058China national Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Institute of ImmunologyNaval Medical UniversityShanghai 200433China Department of immunology Center for ImmunotherapyInstitute of Basic Medical SciencesPeking Union Medical CollegeChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing 100005China institute of immunology College of Life SciencesNankai UniversityTianjin 300071China

Memory CD8+T cell generation is crucial for pathogen elimination and effective vaccination against *** cellular and molecular circuitry that underlies the generation of memory CD8+T cells remains *** can modulate inflammatory allergic responses and interact with lymphocytes to regulate their functions in immune *** we report that eosinophils are required for the generation of memory CD8+T cells by inhibiting CD8+T cell ***-deficient mice display significantly impaired memory CD8+T cell response and weakened resistance against Listeria monocytogenes(L.m.)***,eosinophils secrete interleukin-4(IL-4)to inhibit JNK/Caspase-3 dependent apoptosis of CD8+T cells upon *** in ***,active eosinophils are recruited into the spleen and secrete more IL-4 to suppress CD8+T cell apoptosis during early stage of *** in *** transfer of wild-type(WT)eosinophils but not IL-4-deficient eosinophils into eosinophil-deficient mice could rescue the impaired CD8+T cell memory ***,our findings suggest that eosinophil-derived IL-4 promotes the generation of CD8+T cell memory and enhances immune defense against *** study reveals a new adjuvant role of eosinophils in memory T cell generation and provides clues for enhancing the vaccine potency via targeting eosinophils and related cytokines.

关键词： impaired immunity spleen

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Transcriptomic and pathological profiling of a new congenic mouse model with Lepr mutation:Evaluating susceptibility to the development of obesity and NAFLD

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 34-38页

作者： MJ Mahesh Kumar Shailendra Arindkar Masum Saini Perumal Nagarajan national institute of immunology New Delhi 100067India Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology Hyderabad 500007India Regional Center for Biotechnology Faridabad 121001India

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)and type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)are two disease conditions for which obesity is a risk factor.^(1)Due to the close relationship between the three pathologies,researchers frequently use the same mouse models to identify the underlying processes of obesity,NAFLD,and *** instance,leptin(Lep)-null(ob/ob)and leptin receptor(Lepr)-deficient(db/db)mice spontaneously develop NAFLD and show different phenotypes of extreme obesity and diabetes,respectively.

关键词： obesity NAFLD Lep

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Nutritional competition within tumor microenvironment dictates anti-tumor immunity

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national Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 98-100页

作者： Yankang Fei Xuetao Cao Juan Liu national Key Laboratory of Immunity and Inflammation Institute of Immunology Naval Medical University Department of immunology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences institute of immunology College of Life Sciences Nankai University

The crosstalk between metabolism and immunity has emerged as an essential regulator of tumor immune escape, and targeting immunometabolic pathways holds great potential for cancer immunotherapy [1]. Abnormal metabolic...

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Global collaboration of eye research--personal experience

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International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第6期17卷 985-990页

作者： Chi-Chao Chan Laboratory of immunology National Eye InstituteNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMD 20892-1858USA Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center Sun Yat-sen UniversityGuangzhou 5410060Guangdong ProvinceChina

On December 9,2023,I was privileged to be honored and participate in the *** Chao Chan Symposium on Global Collaboration of Eye Research as the Global Eye Genetic Consortium(GEGC)session,which was held in the 16th Congress of the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-Retina Society(APVRS)in Hong *** with my talk on“Global collaboration of eye research:personal experience”,other prominent international speakers provided their own perspectives on opportunities for networking,collaboration,and exchange of ideas with global leaders and experts in ophthalmic practice,research,and education.

关键词： speakers collaboration Global

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Naturally occurring PA^(E206K)point mutation in 2009 H1N1 pandemic influenza viruses impairs viral replication at high temperatures

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Virologica Sinica 2024年第1期39卷 71-80页

作者： Mengmeng Cao Qiannan Jia Jinghua Li Lili Zhao Li zhu Yufan Zhang Shan Li Tao Deng national institute of Pathogen Biology Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences&Peking Union Medical CollegeBeijing100730China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen Microbiology and immunology Institute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

The emergence of influenza virus A pandemic H1N1 in April 2009 marked the first pandemic of the 21st *** this study,we observed significant differences in the polymerase activities of two clinical 2009 H1N1 influenza A virus isolates from Chinese and Japanese *** comparison of the three main protein subunits(PB2,PB1,and PA)of the viral RNA-dependent RNA polymerase complex and subsequent mutational analysis revealed that a single amino acid substitution(E206K)was responsible for the observed impaired replication *** in vitro experiments showed that presence of PAE206K decreased the replication of influenza A/WSN/33 virus in mammalian cells and a reduction in the virus’s pathogenicity in *** studies revealed that PAE206K is a temperature-sensitive mutant associated with the inability to transport PB1–PA complex to the nucleus at high temperature(39.5℃).Hence,this naturally occurring variant in the PA protein represents an ideal candidate mutation for the development of live attenuated influenza vaccines.

关键词： H1N1 Influenza A virus Polymerase acidic protein Point mutation Viral replication

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Virus-like nanoparticle vaccines for inducing long-lasting immunity against infectious diseases

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national Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 13-15页

作者： Yi-Nan Zhang Sarah Auclair Jiang Zhu Department of Integrative Structural and Computational Biology The Scripps Research Institute Department of immunology and Microbiology The Scripps Research Institute

Prophylactic vaccines that can generate long-lasting protective immune responses are needed for many infectious diseases. Efficient vaccination requires vaccine antigens to be retained and presented to B cells in lymp...

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Effect of distribution shape on the melting transition, local ordering,and dynamics in a model size-polydisperse two-dimensional fluid

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第7期33卷 419-428页

作者： Jackson Pame Lenin SShagolsem Department of Physics National Institute of Technology ManipurImphalIndia

We study the effect of particle size polydispersity(δ) on the melting transition(T*), local ordering, solid–liquid coexistence phase and dynamics of two-dimensional Lennard–Jones fluids up to moderate polydispersity by means of computer simulations. The particle sizes are drawn at random from the Gaussian(G) and uniform(U) distribution *** these systems, we further consider two different kinds of particles, viz., particles having the same mass irrespective of size, and in the other case the mass of the particle scales with its size. It is observed that with increasing polydispersity,the value of T*initially increases due to improved packing efficiency(φ) followed by a decrease and terminates at δ ≈8%(U-system) and 14%(G-system) with no significant difference for both mass types. The interesting observation is that the particular value at which φ drops suddenly coincides with the peak of the heat capacity(CP) curve, indicating a transition. The quantification of local particle ordering through the hexatic order parameter(Q_6), Voronoi construction and pair correlation function reveals that the ordering decreases with increasing δ and T. Furthermore, the solid–liquid coexistence region for the G-system is shown to be comparatively wider in the T –δ plane phase diagram than that for the U system. Finally, the study of dynamics reveals that polydisperse systems relax faster compared to monodisperse systems;however, no significant qualitative differences, depending on the distribution type and mass polydispersity, are observed.

关键词： polydispersity ordering phase diagram dynamics

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Influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel

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Applied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第3期45卷 563-580页

作者： N.HUMNEKAR D.SRINIVASACHARYA Department of Mathematics National Institute of TechnologyWarangal 506004TelanganaIndia

The influence of variable viscosity and double diffusion on the convective stability of a nanofluid flow in an inclined porous channel is *** DarcyBrinkman model is used to characterize the fluid flow dynamics in porous *** analytical solutions are obtained for the unidirectional and completely developed *** on a normal mode analysis,the generalized eigenvalue problem under a perturbed state is *** eigenvalue problem is then solved by the spectral ***,the critical Rayleigh number with the corresponding wavenumber is evaluated at the assigned values of the other flow-governing *** results show that increasing the Darcy number,the Lewis number,the Dufour parameter,or the Soret parameter increases the stability of the system,whereas increasing the inclination angle of the channel destabilizes the ***,the flow is the most unstable when the channel is vertically oriented.

关键词： nanofluid inclined channel variable viscosity linear stability double dif-fusion porous medium

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Geochemistry of volcanic glass from Mahanadi offshore region,eastern continental margin of India:Constraints on the contribution of latest Toba super-eruption

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Acta Oceanologica Sinica 2024年第2期43卷 111-119页

作者： Muralidhar Kocherla Durbar Ray Manavalan Satyanarayanan Hilda Joao Virsen Gaikwad PB Ramamurty CSIR-national institute of Oceanography Dona Paula 403004GoaIndia CSIR-national Geophysical Research institute Uppal RoadHyderabad 500007India

The tephra layers in multiple sediment cores from the offshore region of the Mahanadi basin in the northern Bay of Bengal were investigated for possible volcanic sources. The glass shards from those tephra layers were studied for size distribution, texture, and elemental geochemistry to establish chronostratigraphic markers for regional and global Quaternary correlation. The textural features of fine-grained(silty) volcanic glasses suggest the distal source of these tephra deposits. Major element composition with elevated SiO_(2) contents ranging between75%–76% and dominance of K_(2)O(> 4.5%) over CaO(< 0.9%) suggest ashes have originated from siliceous rhyolitic melts, similar to the petrographic composition of tephra from the Toba volcano. The bulk trace element compositions of the same glass shards were comparable with those reported in the youngest Toba tephra reported elsewhere. Likewise, the LREE-dominated chondrite normalized REE profiles of tephra from the Mahanadi basin closely resemble the characteristic REE patterns in Toba ash from other parts of the Indian Ocean and thus confirmed the contribution of the youngest Toba super-eruption for this ash layers.

关键词： Mahanadi basin Bay of Bengal volcanic glass glass morphology glass-chemistry

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Room and cryogenic deformation behavior of AZ61 and AZ61-xCaO(x = 0.5, 1 wt.%) alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第5期12卷 1996-2009页

作者： Umer Masood Chaudry Hafiz Muhammad Rehan Tariq Nooruddin Ansari Soo Yeol Lee Tea-Sung Jun Department of Mechanical Engineering Incheon National University Research institute for Engineering and Technology Incheon National University Department of Materials Science&Engineering Chungnam National University

This study investigates the influence of CaO(0.5, 1(wt.%)) alloying on the microstructural evolution, texture development and deformation behavior of AZ61 magnesium alloy. The uniaxial tension tests at room(RT) and cryogenic(CT,-150 ℃) temperature were performed to investigate the twinability and dislocation behavior and its consequent effect on flow stress, ductility and strain hardening rate. The results showed that the AZ61-1CaO exhibited superior strength/ductility synergy at RT with a yield strength(YS) of 223 MPa and a ductility of 23% as compared to AZ61(178 MPa, 18.5%) and AZ61-0.5CaO(198 MPa, 21%). Similar trend was witnessed for all the samples during CT deformation, where increase in the YS and decrease in ductility were observed. The Mtex tools based in-grain misorientation axis(IGMA) analysis of RT deformed samples revealed the higher activities of prismaticslip in AZ61-CaO, which led to superior ***, subsequent EBSD analysis of CT deformed samples showed the increased fraction of fine {10-12} tension twins and nucleation of multiple {10-12} twin variants caused by higher local stress concentration at the grain boundaries, which imposed the strengthening by twin-twin interaction. Lastly, the detailed investigations on strengthening contributors showed that the dislocation strengthening has the highest contribution towards strength in all samples.

关键词： Magnesium Twinning Twinning variant EBSD Cryogenic deformation

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