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Viromes of Haemaphysalis longicornis reveal different viral abundance and diversity in free and engorged ticks

Virologica Sinica 2024年第2期39卷 194-204页

作者： Jian Xiao Xuan Yao Xuhua Guan Jinfeng Xiong Yaohui Fang Jingyuan Zhang You Zhang Abulimiti Moming Zhengyuan Su Jiayin Jin Yingying Ge Jun Wang Zhaojun Fan Shuang Tang Shu Shen Fei Deng Key Laboratory of Virology and Biosafety and national Virus Resource Center Wuhan Institute of VirologyChinese Academy of SciencesWuhan430071China Hubei Provincial Center for disease control and prevention Wuhan430070China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing101408China Hubei Jiangxia Laboratory Wuhan430200China Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Vector-borne Infectious diseases Urumqi830002China Current address:Department of Medical Laboratory The Second Affiliated HospitalHainan Medical UniversityHaikou57000China

Haemaphysalis longicornis ticks,commonly found in East Asia,can transmit various pathogenic viruses,includingthe severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus(SFTSV)that has caused febrile diseases among humansin Hubei ***,understanding of the viromes of *** was limited,and the prevalence ofviruses among *** ticks in Hubei was not well *** study investigates the viromes of bothengorged(fed)and free(unfed)*** ticks across three mountainous regions in Hubei Province from 2019to ***-sequencing analysis identified viral sequences that were related to 39 reference viruses belonging tounclassified viruses and seven RNA viral families,namely Chuviridae,Nairoviridae,Orthomyxoviridae,Parvoviridae,Phenuiviridae,Rhabdoviridae,and *** abundance and diversity in these ticks were analysed,andphylogenetic characteristics of the Henan tick virus(HNTV),Dabieshan tick virus(DBSTV),Okutama tick virus(OKTV),and Jingmen tick virus(JMTV)were elucidated based on their full genomic *** demonstrated that DBSTV was the most common virus found in individual *** ticks(12.59%),followed by HNTV(0.35%),whereas JMTV and OKTV were not *** results improve our understanding of *** tick viromes in central China and highlight the role of tick feeding status and geographyin shaping the viral *** findings of new viral strains and their potential impact on public health raisethe need to strengthen surveillance efforts for comprehensively assessing their spillover potentials.

关键词： Ticks Virome Haemaphysalis longicornis Phylogenetic analysis Viral abundance and diversity

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Intake of tobacco nitrosamines of smokers in various provinces of China and their cancer risk:A meta-analysis

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第7期141卷 249-260页

作者： Xiao Li Zhiwei Ye Jun Wang Pengfei Lin Xiaojin Zhang Shuguang Xie Chao Chen Research institute for Environmental Innovation(Suzhou) TsinghuaSuzhouJiangsu 215163China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution control School of EnvironmentTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Organic Pollution prevention and control State Key Laboratory of Urban Water Resource and EnvironmentHarbin Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution control College of Environmental Science and EngineeringPeking UniversityBeijing 100871China

Nitrosamines are a class of carcinogens which have been detected widely in food,water,some pharmaceuticals as well as *** objectives of this paper include reviewing the basic information on tobacco consumption and nitrosamine contents,and assessing the health risks of tobacco nitrosamines exposure to Chinese *** searched the publications in English from“Web of Science”and those in Chinese from the“China national Knowledge Infrastructure”in 2022 and collected 151 literatures with valid *** content of main nitrosamines in tobacco,including 4-(methylnitrosoamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone(NNK),N-nitrosonornicotine(NNN),N-nitrosoanatabine(NAT),N-nitrosoanabasine(NAB),total tobacco-specific nitrosamines(TSNA),and N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)were *** information of daily tobacco consumption of smokers in 30 provinces of China was also ***,the intakes of NNN,NNK,NAT,NAB,TSNAs,and NDMA via tobacco smoke were estimated as 1534ng/day,591 ng/day,685 ng/day,81 ng/day,2543 ng/day,and 484 ng/day by adult smokers in30 provinces,*** cancer risk(CR)values for NNN and NNK inhalation intake were further calculated as 1.44×10^(-5)and 1.95×10^(-4).The CR value for NDMA intake via tobacco smoke(inhalation:1.66×10^(-4))indicates that NDMA is similarly dangerous in tobacco smoke when compared with the *** China,the CR values caused by average nitrosamines intake via various exposures and their order can be estimated as the following:smoke(3.75×10^(-4))>food(1.74×10^(-4))>drinking water(1.38×10^(-5)).Smokers in China averagely suffer 200%of extra cancer risk caused by nitrosamines in tobacco when compared with non-smokers.

关键词： N-nitrosamine Tobacco Cancer risk Tobacco specific nitrosamines(TSNAs) N-nitrosodimethylamine(NDMA)

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A FAS approach for stabilization of generalized chained forms: part 1. Discontinuous control laws

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Science China(Information Sciences) 2024年第2期67卷 118-143页

作者： Guang-Ren DUAN Center for control Theory and Guidance Technology Harbin Institute of Technology Center for control Science and Technology Southern University of Science and Technology

In this paper, a type of general nonholonomic systems is proposed, which contains both the Brockett’s two example systems, and their extended n-dimensional chained forms, as special cases. For the stabilization of such systems, a stabilizing controller is proposed based on the fully actuated system(FAS)approach, which is discontinuous at the origin but time-invariant when the open-loop system is time-invariant,and drives the feasible trajectories of the system to the origin exponentially. Furthermore, the proposed FAS approach is also extended to the sub-normal system case and the time-delay system case.

关键词： nonholonomic systems feedback stabilization exponential convergence sub-fully actuated systems time-delay systems

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Relationships between blood chromium exposure and liver injury:Exploring the mediating role of systemic inflammation in a chromate-exposed population

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第9期143卷 224-234页

作者： Zekang Su Yali Zhang Shiyi Hong Qiaojian Zhang Jiayu Xu Guiping Hu Xiaojun Zhu Fang Yuan Shanfa Yu Tianchen Wang Guang Jia Department of Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences School of Public HealthPeking UniversityBeijing 100191China School of Engineering Medicine and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China national Center for Occupational Safety and Health Beijing 102308China Department of Occupational Health and Radiological Health Chongqing Centers for Disease Control and PreventionChongqing 400042China Henan institute for Occupational Medicine Zhengzhou 450052China Department of Clinical Laboratory Third Hospital of Peking UniversityBeijing 100191China

Hexavalent chromium and its compounds are prevalent pollutants,especially in the work environment,pose a significant risk for multisystem toxicity and *** it is known that chromium accumulation in the liver can cause damage,the dose-response relationship between blood chromium(Cr)and liver injury,as well as the possible potential toxic mechanisms involved,remains poorly *** address this,we conducted a follow-up study of 590 visits from 305 participants to investigate the associations of blood Cr with biomarkers for liver injury,including serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),total bilirubin(TBIL),and direct bilirubin(DBIL),and to evaluate the mediating effects of systemic ***(PLT)and the platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio(PLR)were utilized as biomarkers of systemic *** the linear mixed-effects analyses,each 1-unit increase in blood Cr level was associated with estimated effect percentage increases of 0.82%(0.11%,1.53%)in TBIL,1.67%(0.06%,3.28%)in DBIL,0.73%(0.04%,1.43%)in ALT and 2.08%(0.29%,3.87%)in AST,***,PLT mediated 10.04%,11.35%,and 10.77%increases in TBIL,DBIL,and ALT levels induced by chromate,*** addition,PLR mediated 8.26%and 15.58%of the association between blood Cr and TBIL or *** findings shed light on the mechanisms underlying blood Cr-induced liver injury,which is partly due to worsening systemic inflammation.

关键词： Blood chromate Liver injury Systemic inflammation Mediation analysis

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A novel alternative for pyrogen detection based on a transgenic cell line

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第3期9卷 1221-1229页

作者： Qing He Chuan-Fei Yu Gang Wu Kai-Qin Wang Yong-Bo Ni Xiao Guo Zhi-Hao Fu Lan Wang De-Jiang Tan Hua Gao Can Wang Gang Chen Xu-Hong Chen Bo Chen Jun-Zhi Wang national institutes for Food and Drug control BeijingChina School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics Shenyang Pharmaceutical UniversityShenyangChina Shanghai institute for Food and Drug control ShanghaiChina KeyMed Biosciences Inc. ChengduChina

Pyrogen,often as a contaminant,is a key indicator affecting the safety of almost all parenteral drugs(including biologicals,chemicals,traditional Chinese medicines and medical devices).It has become a goal to completely replace the in vivo rabbit pyrogen test by using the in vitro pyrogen test based on the promoted‘reduction,replacement and refinement’principle,which has been highly considered by regulatory agencies from different *** used NF-κB,a central signalling molecule mediating inflammatory responses,as a pyrogenic marker and the monocyte line THP-1 transfected with a luciferase reporter gene regulated by NF-κB as an in vitro model to detect pyrogens by measuring the intensity of a fluorescence ***,we show that this test can quantitatively and sensitively detect endotoxin(lipopolysaccharide from different strains)and nonendotoxin(lipoteichoic acid,zymosan,peptidoglycan,lectin and glucan),has good stability in terms of NF-κB activity and cell phenotypes at 39 cell passages and can be applied to detect pyrogens in biologicals(group A&C meningococcal polysaccharide vaccine;basiliximab;rabies vaccine(Vero cells)for human use,freeze-dried;Japanese encephalitis vaccine(Vero cells),inactivated;insulin aspart injection;human albumin;recombinant human erythropoietin injection(CHO Cell)).The within-laboratory reproducibility of the test in three independent laboratories was 85%,80%and 80%and the interlaboratory reproducibility among laboratories was 83.3%,95.6%and 86.7%.The sensitivity(true positive rate)and specificity(true negative rate)of the test were 89.9%and 90.9%,*** summary,the test provides a novel alternative for pyrogen detection.

关键词： pyrogen rabbit replace

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Chromosome-level genome assembly of Oncomelania hupensis: the intermediate snail host of Schistosoma japonicum

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Infectious diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 16-26页

作者： Qin Liu Lei Duan Yun-Hai Guo Li-Min Yang Yi Zhang Shi-Zhu Li Shan Lv Wei Hu Nan-Sheng Chen Xiao-Nong Zhou national institute of Parasitic diseases at Chinese Center for disease control and prevention(Chinese Centerfor Tropical diseases Research) NHC Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector BiologyWHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical DiseasesNational Center for International Research on Tropical DiseasesNational Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious DiseasesShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases ResearchShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghai 200025People's Republic of China School of Life Science Fudan UniversityShanghai 200438People's Republic of China CAS Key Laboratory of Marine Ecology and Environmental Sciences Institute of OceanologyChinese Academy of SciencesQingdaoShandong 266071People'sRepublicofChina

Background Schistosoma japonicum is a parasitic flatworm that causes human schistosomiasis, which is a significant cause of morbidity in China, the Philippines and *** hupensis (Gastropoda: Pomatiopsidae) is the unique intermediate host ofS. japonicum. A complete genome sequence ofO. hupensis will enable the fundamental understanding of snail biology as well as its co-evolution with theS. japonicum parasite. Assembling a high-quality reference genome ofO. hupehensis will provide data for further research on the snail biology and controlling the spread ofS. *** The draft genome was de novo assembly using the long-read sequencing technology (PacBio Sequel II) and corrected with Illumina sequencing data. Then, using Hi-C sequencing data, the genome was assembled at the chromosomal level. CAFE was used to do analysis of contraction and expansion of the gene family and CodeML module in PAML was used for positive selection analysis in protein coding *** A total length of 1.46 Gb high-qualityO. hupensis genome with 17 unique full-length chromosomes (2n = 34) of the individual including a contig N50 of 1.35 Mb and a scaffold N50 of 75.08 Mb. Additionally, 95.03% of these contig sequences were anchored in 17 chromosomes. After scanning the assembled genome, a total of 30,604 protein-coding genes were predicted. Among them, 86.67% were functionally annotated. Further phylogenetic analysis revealed thatO. hupensis was separated from a common ancestor ofPomacea canaliculata andBellamya purificata approximately 170 million years ago. Comparing the genome ofO. hupensis with its most recent common ancestor, it showed 266 significantly expanded and 58 significantly contracted gene families (P < 0.05). Functional enrichment of the expanded gene families indicated that they were mainly involved with intracellular, DNA-mediated transposition, DNA integration and transposase *** Integrated use of multiple sequencing technol

关键词： Schistosomiasis Schistosoma japonicum Oncomelania hupensis Chromosome-level genome

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Targeting complement hyperactivation:a novel therapeutic approach for severe pneumonia induced by influenza virus/staphylococcus aureus coinfection

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第1期9卷 51-54页

作者： Leili Jia Haihua Luo Lizhong Li Mingyao Wang Jiangfeng Liu Yuan Liang Shan Li Yong Jiang Juntao Yang Hongbin Song institute for disease control and prevention of PLA BeijingChina Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Proteomics State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure ResearchSchool of Basic Medical SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhou 510515China State Key Laboratory of Common Mechanism Research for Major diseases Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College100005 BeijingChina

Dear Editor,Infections by the influenza virus are a significant and widespread global health threat,as these infections have an annual death toll ranging from 290,000 to 650,000.1 A significant proportion of these fatalities are attributed to secondary bacterial pneumonia,a severe complication commonly caused by ubiquitous respiratory pathogens such as Staphylococcus aureus(***).2 Of particular concern is the increased morbidity and mortality rates in individuals infected simultaneously with influenza virus and methicillin-resistant ***(MRSA).3 The concurrent presence of bacteria and influenza virus usually causes acute respiratory distress syndrome(ARDS),which is associated with acute lung injury(ALI),severe lung tissue edema,and widespread ***,determining the complex mechanisms underlying the synergistic interplay will require further investigation with a suitable coinfection mouse *** our previous study,we utilized different sequential coinfections at various time points to model influenza A virus and MRSA coinfection.

关键词： influenza pneumonia lung

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The DNA damage and regulatory strategy in hematopoietic stem cells after irradiation exposure:Progress and challenges

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Radiation Medicine and Protection 2024年第1期5卷 16-23页

作者： Yanying Liu Naicheng Chen Fang Chen Hao Zeng Lijing Yang Junping Wang Mengjia Hu State Key Laboratory of Trauma Burns and Combined InjuryInstitute of Combined InjuryChongqing Engineering Research Center for NanomedicineCollege of Preventive MedicineThird Military Medical University(Army Medical University)Chongqing 400038China 31612 Unit of PLA Fujian 350200China Chinese PLA Center for disease control and prevention Beijing 100071China

The hematopoietic system is susceptible to ionizing radiation(IR),which can cause acute hematopoietic failure or long-term *** the most primitive cells of the hematopoietic hierarchy,hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)maintain lifelong hematopoietic homeostasis and promote hematopoietic regeneration during *** studies have shown that nuclear and mitochondrial genomes are the main targets of radiation injury in *** importantly,the damage of DNA may trigger a series of biological responses that largely determine HSC fate following IR *** some essential pathways and factors involved in DNA injury and damage in HSCs have been revealed,a comprehensive understanding of the biological effects of radiation on HSCs still needs to be *** review focuses on recent insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying DNA damage and repair in HSCs after *** summarize corresponding regulatory measures,which may provide a reference for further research in this field.

关键词： Ionizing radiation Hematopoietic stem cell DNA double-strand break DNA damage response DNA damage repair

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Effects of ignition voltage and electrode structure on electric ignition and combustion characteristics of Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellants in electric ignition mode in inert gas environment

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Chinese Journal of Aeronautics 2024年第4期37卷 229-242页

作者： Lei LI Guoxiu LI Hongmeng LI Zhaopu YAO Tao ZHANG Jinze WU Shuo ZHANG School of Mechanical Electronic and Control EngineeringBeijing Jiaotong UniversityBeijing 100044China Beijing institute of control Engineering Beijing 100190China

Hydrazine is toxic and carcinogenic, which greatly increases the difficulty of application and no longer meets the needs of green aerospace. As a green propellant, the Ammonium Dinitramide(ADN)-based liquid propellant has the advantages of higher specific impulse, being non-toxic,pollution-free, and easy storage. However, an ADN-based space engine in orbit has exposed the problems of high-temperature deactivation of catalysts and cold-start failure. An active ignition technology—electric ignition technology was explored in this paper to break through the technical bottleneck of catalyst deactivation and the inability to a cold start. An experimental system of a constant-volume combustor for the ADN-based liquid propellant based on the electric ignition method was established. The electric ignition and combustion characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant in a volume combustor with an electric ignition method were studied. The influencing mechanisms of the ignition voltage and the electrode structure on the electric ignition characteristics of the ADN-based liquid propellant were investigated. An elevation of the ignition voltage could facilitate the ignition process of the ADN-based liquid propellant, curtail electric energy input and heating effect, while exerting an adverse impact on the combustion process of the *** increase in the ignition voltage enhanced the ignition process of the propellant while simultaneously suppressing its combustion process when utilizing mesh electrodes. Compared to the strip electrodes, the mesh electrodes increased the contact area between the electrodes and the propellant,increased the electric energy input power in the electric ignition process, and reduced the ignition delay time. The mesh electrodes could promote the combustion process of the propellant to a certain extent.

关键词： ADN-based liquid propellant Resistive ignition Electrical ignition characteristic Combustion Inert gas

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Insights into the Impact of Bifidobacterium bifidum， B. breve， and B. longum on the Immune Response Against Salmonella Infection in Neonatal Rats

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Chunxiu Lin Yugui Lin Min Guo Rui Xiao Shunhe Wang Yonghua Zhou Jianxin Zhao Hao Zhang Wei Chen Gang Wang State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan University School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan University Microbiology Laboratory Zhongshan Bo'ai Hospital Southern Medical University Key Laboratory of national Health Commission on Parasitic disease control and prevention Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory on Parasite and Vector control Technology Jiangsu institute of Parasitic diseases national Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan University (Yangzhou) institute of Food Biotechnology Jiangnan University Wuxi Translational Medicine Research Center and Jiangsu Translational Medicine Research institute Wuxi Branch

Infants exhibit diminished susceptibility to external infections， a phenomenon closely linked to the pervasive presence of the bifidobacterial community within their intestinal tract. Nonetheless， a significant knowledge gap remains concerning the distinct species of bifidobacteria initiating anti-infection immune responses during the early developmental stages. In this study， the impact of early intervention with Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum)， B. breve， and B. longum on neonatal rats infected with Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium (S. typhimurium) SL1344 were compared. The study encompasses various immunity levels， including gut immunity， central immunity (thymus)， peripheral immunity (spleen)， and brain immunity. Following Salmonella infection， significant alterations in neonatal rats were observed in growth and developmental levels， immune markers， cytokine levels， balance of T lymphocyte subpopulations， intestinal barrier function， and blood-brain barrier integrity. Compared with B. breve and B. longum， B. bifidum demonstrated more pronounced efficacy in regulating these physiological processes. By conducting multi-level analyses of gut microbiota， bifidobacterial community， colonic content metabolomics， and serum metabolomics， the significance of B. bifidum's role is underscored， and the immune-enhancing function of messenger metabolites is unveiled. Among these metabolites， γ-L-Glutamyl-L-glutamic acid and Orotic acid were found to be shared by all three species， while Hippuric acid and 1a，1b-dihomo Prostaglandin F2α were unique to B. bifidum， and DL-Arginine was specific to B. longum. Overall， this study has provided novel insights into the intervention and immunomodulation by Bifidobacterium in early-life infections， emphasizing the significant role of B. bifidum.

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