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BIOCELL 2021年第6期45卷 1651-1659页

作者： MUNIYANDI SAMUEL JEBERSON HARINDER KUMAR CHAUDHARY RAKESH KUMAR CHAHOTA SHABIR HUSSAIN WANI AICRP(MULLaRP) Directorate of ResearchCAUImphalIndia Molecular Cytogenetics and Tissue Culture Laboratory CSKHPKVPalampurIndia Department of Agricultural Biotechnology CSKHPKVPalampurIndia mountain research Center for field crops Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyKhudwaniIndia

The rye genome has shown potential for improvement of bread wheat,where wheat-rye substitutions and translocations have been and are frequently used in resistance *** belongs to different generations viz.,BC_(1)F_(1),BC_(1)F_(2),BC_(1)F_(3),BC_(1)F_(4)and BC_(2)F_(3)of triticale×wheat derived were used for different haploid induction parameters using Gogon grass(Imperata cylindrica)as a pollen *** percentage of pseudo seed formation ranged from 34.55%for BC_(1)F_(2)to 63.77 for BC_(1)F_(1)crosses,the haploid embryo formation ranges from 9.43%for BC_(1)F_(1)to 30.2%for BC_(1)F_(2),the haploid plant generation ranges from 19.36%for BC_(1)F_(2)to 63.25%for BC_(1)F_(1).Four doubled haploids were developed from ITSN 105/58-VL 802-VL 802 of BC_(2)F_(3)underwent molecular cytogenetic analyses using the probes,viz.,rye genomic rDNA,pSc 119 and *** and GISH analysis revealed an IBL.1RS translocation and substitution of 5R chromosome instead of the 5D chromosomes in these doubled haploids.

关键词： Haploid Triticale×wheat backcross FISH GISH Rye chromatin

Rhizosphere microbiomes can regulate plant drought tolerance

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Pedosphere 2022年第1期32卷 61-74页

作者： Mehtab Muhammad ASLAM Eyalira JOKAL Aisha Lawan IDRIS Zhang QIAN Weifeng XU Joseph K.KARANJA Shabir HWANI Wei YUAN College of Agriculture Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou 225009China Joint International research Laboratory of Water and Nutrient in crops and College of Life Sciences Center for Plant Water-Use and Nutrition Regulation and College of Resources and EnvironmentFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China Juncao research Center College of Life SciencesFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan crops&Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education College of Life SciencesFujian Agriculture and Forestry UniversityFuzhou 350002China mountain research Centre for field crops khudwani Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologyKashmir 192102India

Beneficial root-associated rhizospheric microbes play a key role in maintaining host plant growth and can potentially allow drought-resilient crop production. The complex interaction of root-associated microbes mainly depends on soil type, plant genotype, and soil moisture. However, drought is the most devastating environmental stress that strongly reduces soil biota and can restrict plant growth and yield. In this review, we discussed our mechanistic understanding of drought and microbial response traits. Additionally, we highlighted the role of beneficial microbes and plant-derived metabolites in alleviating drought stress and improving crop growth. We proposed that future research might focus on evaluating the dynamics of root-beneficial microbes under field drought conditions. The integrative use of ecology, microbial, and molecular approaches may serve as a promising strategy to produce more drought-resilient and sustainable crops.

关键词： biota drought stress metabolites phytohormone plant growth root-microbe association

Farmers'participatory selection of new rice varieties to boost production under temperate agro-ecosystems

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第6期17卷 1307-1314页

作者： S Najeeb F A Sheikh G A Parray A B Shikari G zaffar S C Kashyp M A Ganie A B Shah mountain research Centre for field crops KhudwaniAnantnagSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirJammu&Kashmir 192102India Centre for Biotechnology Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirShafimarJammu&Kashmir 191121India Dryland Agriculture research Station Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of KashmirSrinagarJammu&Kashmir 191111India Assistant Director Education Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences&Technology of JammuChattaJammu&Kashmir 180009India

In mountain agriculture, early maturity, high grain yield and high biomass are generally considered as farmer preferred traits in rice crop in addition to a multiple set of traits collectively responsible for variety adoption or rejection. The varieties tested only on station evaluation trials without taking the data from the farmers＇ fields by not including farmers as partners for variety evaluation are the reasons of low adoption of varieties. In this regard, a participatory methodology was followed by conducting a number of participatory trials in the farmers＇ fields during 2012-2014 in six districts of Kashmir Valley, India. The mother trials in the farmers＇ fields showed that the test variety SKUA-408 consistently and significantly out yielded Jhelum and farmers＇ variety followed by Shalimar rice 3 （SR3）. The other released varieties like SR1 and SR2 could not perform nicely in the farmers＇ fields because of late maturity. After making the t-test comparison of baby trials （paired plots）, the mean yield superiority of test varieties SKUA-408, SR3, and SKUA-403 over farmers＇ variety during 2013 was around 23, 25, and 22％, respectively, whereas in 2014 the respective yield advantage was recorded as 16.3, 17.7, and 16.2％. In all districts, SKUA-408 and SR3 were significantly preferred by farmers （P〈0.05 or 0.01） in terms of pre-harvest traits namely, tillering ability and general phenotypic acceptability, early maturity and biomass and for post-harvest traits such as general cooking quality besides, the intention to grow the variety for next year. Adoption and dissemination of SKUA-408 began in 2014 from the farm-saved seed in the form of farmer to farmer seed exchange. Farmers are the end users of a variety so the decision by the farmers while judging the variety should be taken into consideration to make the varietal choice more effective for its widespread adoption.

关键词： baby trials farmers' perception farmer preferred traits mother trials mountain agriculture participatory varietal selection variety adoption and popularization

Inoculation of Chlorella and Food Waste Improves the Physio-Morphological Features of Red Pepper by Regulating Activating Antioxidant Defense System

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第9期92卷 2699-2711页

作者： Sang-Mo Kang Shifa Shaffique Muhammad Imran Su-Mi Jeon Shabir Hussain Wani Muhammad Aaqil Khan Peter Odongkara Eun-Hae Kwon Yosep Kang Joon-Ik Son Won-Chan Kim In-Jung Lee Department of Applied Biosciences Kyungpook National UniversityDaegu41566Korea Biosafety Division National Institute of Agriculture ScienceRural Development AdministrationJeonju54874Korea Department of Technical Support Daegu City Agricultural Technology CenterDaegu41159Korea Department of Chemical and Life Sciences Qurtuba University of Science and Information TechnologyPeshawarPakistan mountain research for field crops khudwani Shere-e-Kashmir University of Agriculture Sciences and Technology SrinagarJamu and KashmirIndia Corporate Affiliated research Institute Seyen Co.Ltd.Kyungsan38561Korea

Food waste is recognized as a valuable source for potential agricultural applications to supply organic matter and nutrients to arable ***,the information on the combined application of food waste and the plant growth-promoting bacterial strain,Chlorella,related to plant metabolic features and sodium chloride content in arable soil is *** present study was conducted to investigate the exogenous application of food waste along with Chlorella,which improved the physio-morphological features of red *** results revealed that this combination enhanced the organic matter in the soil,ultimately improving the fertility rate of the soil,and the physio-morphological features,such as chlorophyll a content(24.5±0.7),root(7.8±0.7)cm and shoot length(12.1±0.7)cm,fresh weight(2.1±0.05)g,dry weight(0.19±0.05)g,mineral contents,and hormonal concentration(ABA by up to 2 folds).The combined treatment also minimized free radicals via the activation of the intrinsic antioxidant series cascade and electrolyte *** findings showed that adding Chlorella and food wastes improved growth characteristics and can be used as a green bio-fertilizer for sustainable agriculture.

关键词： Food waste Chlorella hormone antioxidant

Functional Role of miRNAs: Key Players in Soybean Improvement

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2021年第5期90卷 1339-1362页

作者： Kapil Gupta Sujit Kumar Mishra Shubhra Gupta Saurabh Pandey Jogeswar Panigrahi Shabir Hussain Wani CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Lucknow226015India Department of Zoology School of Applied SciencesCenturion University of Technology and ManagementBhubaneswar751009India Department of Biotechnology Central University of RajasthanAjmer305817India Plant Molecular Biology International Center for Genetic Engineering&BiotechnologyNew Delhi110067India Department of Biosciences and Bioinformatics Khallikote UniversityBerhampur761008India mountain research Center for field crops KhudwaniSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirAnantnag192101India

Soybean(Glycine max(L.)Merr)is an agro-economic crop growing across the world to cater nutrition for both human and animal feed due to the high oil and protein content in its edible *** genes and QTLs associated with important agronomic traits in this crop have already been identified and validated for soybean cyst nematode(SCN),Phytophthora root and stem rot,Pythium root rot and aphid resistance,seed quality,nutrient values,and also employed for genetic improvement in *** the last decade,micro RNAs(miRNAs)have been considered the effector molecules,so the detection and characterization of novel miRNAs in soybean have been taken up by several *** advancement in the strategy of sequencing and tools of bioinformatics during last decade has contributed to the discovery of many soybean miRNAs,thus miRNA can be used as a tool in molecular breeding studies,and this has opened new vistas for miRNA mediated genetic improvement of soybean to augment crop productivity as well as nutritional *** review addresses the current state of understanding of miRNAmediated stress responses,nutrient acquisition,plant development and crop production processes in soybean.

关键词： Soybean miRNA quality improvement plant development genetic engineering molecular breeding

Distribution,Etiology,Molecular Genetics and Management Perspectives of Northern Corn Leaf Blight of Maize(Zea mays L.)

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第10期91卷 2111-2133页

作者： M.Ashraf Ahangar Shabir Hussain Wani Zahoor A.Dar Jan Roohi Fayaz Mohiddin Monika Bansal Mukesh Choudhary Sumit K.Aggarwal S.A.Waza Khursheed Ahmad Dar Ayman El Sabagh Celaleddin Barutcular Omer Konuşkan Mohammad Anwar Hossain mountain research Centre for field crops Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirJammu&Kashmir192124India Dry Land Agriculture research Station Rangreth Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirJammu&Kashmir191132India School of Agricultural Biotechnology Punjab Agricultural UniversityLudhiana141001India Indian Institute of Maize research PAU CampusLudhiana141001India College of Temperate Sericulture Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirJammu&Kashmir191132India Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafr El-Sheikh33516Egypt Department of field crops Faculty of AgricultureSiirt UniversitySiirt56100Turkey Department of field crops Faculty of AgricultureUniversity ofÇukurovaAdana01330Turkey Department of field crops Faculty of AgricultureHatay Mustafa Kemal UniversityHatay31060Turkey Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding Bangladesh Agricultural UniversityMymensingh2202Bangladesh

Maize is cultivated extensively throughout the world and has the highest production among ***,Northern corn leaf blight(NCLB)disease caused by Exherohilum turcicum,is the most devastating limiting factor of maize *** disease causes immense losses to corn yield if it develops prior or during the tasseling and silking stages of crop *** has a worldwide distribution and its development is favoured by cool to moderate temperatures with high relative *** prevalence of the disease has increased in recent years and new races of the pathogen have been reported *** fungus *** is highly variable in *** different management strategies have proved effective to reduce economic losses from NCLB,the development of varieties with resistance to *** is the most efficient and inexpensive way for disease manage*** resistance for NCLB governed by Ht genes is a race-specific resistance which leads to a higher level of ***,some Ht genes can easily become ineffective under the high pressure of virulent strains of the ***,it is imperative to understand and examine the consistency of the genomic locations of quantitative trait loci for resistance to NCLB in diverse maize *** breeding approaches for pyramiding resistant genes against *** in maize can impart NCLB resistance under high disease pressure ***,the genome editing approaches like CRISPR-cas9 and RNAi can also prove vital for developing NCLB resistant maize *** such this review delivers emphasis on the importance and current status of the disease,racial spectrum of the pathogen,genetic nature and breeding approaches for resistance and management strategies of the disease in a sustainable manner.

关键词： Northern corn leaf blight etiology Exherohilum turcicum pathogenic variability disease resistance management strategies

Molecular Markers Associated with <i>Ph</i>-3 Gene Conferring Late Blight Resistance in Tomato

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2015年第13期6卷 2144-2150页

作者： Dilip R. Panthee Randy G. Gardner Ragy Ibrahem Candice Anderson Department of Horticultural Science North Carolina State University Mountain Horticultural Crops Research and Extension Center Mills River NC USA

Late blight (LB), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora infestans, is one of the most devastating diseases of tomato. Three major genes Ph-1, Ph-2 and Ph-3 conferring resistance to LB have been identified and mapped to the chromosomes 7, 10 and 9, respectively. However, PCR-based molecular markers associated with these genes are limited. Molecular markers are extremely useful in the screening and selection of tomato lines for the development of LB resistant genotypes. The objective of this study was to identify molecular markers associated with Ph-3 gene conferring LB resistance in tomato. Four co-dominant markers were found to be associated with Ph-3, all of which were sequence characterized amplified region (SCAR) type. Breeding lines and cultivars were inoculated with a field isolate of Phytophthora infestans to collect phenotypic data on disease resistance. Genotypic data from molecular markers associated with Ph-3 were in close agreement with the phenotypic data for the lines tested. With the verification of genotypic data from novel molecular markers in known genotypes supported by phenotypic data, the novel molecular markers may be useful in screening tomato populations aiming to develop LB resistant genotypes or cloning the LB resistant genes.

关键词： Late Blight Molecular Breeding Phytophthora infestans Resistance Breeding Tomato

Effects of Terracing and Agroforestry on Soil and Water Loss in Hilly Areas of the Sichuan Basin, China

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Journal of mountain Science 2008年第3期5卷 241-248页

作者： J.H. ZHANG Z.A. SU G.C. LIU Key Laboratory of mountain Hazards and Earth Surface Processes Chinese Academy of Sciences 610041 China Institute of mountain Hazards and Environment Chinese Academy of Sciences ＆Ministry of Water Conservancy Chengdu 610041 China The Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China

Soil erosion in hilly areas of the Sichuan Basin is a serious concern over sustainable crop production and sound ecosystem. A 3-year experiment was conducted using the method of runoff plots to examine the effects of terracing and agroforestry in farmland systems on soil and water conservation of slope fields in the hilly areas in Jianyang County, Sichuan Province, Southwestern China. A power function (Y = aXb) can statistically describe the relationship between water runoff (Y) and rainfall (X). The regression equation for the treatment of sloping terraces with crops (Plot 2) is remarkably different from that for the treatment of sloping terraces with grasses and trees (Plot 1) and the conventional up- and down-slope crop system (Plot 3) regarding equation coefficients, while regression equations are similar between Plot 1 and Plot 3. Water runoff amount and runoff coefficient of slope fields increased by 21.5～41.0 % and 27.5～69.7 % respectively, compared to those of sloping terraces, suggesting that terracing notably reduced the water runoff in the field. In the case of sloping terraces, lower amount of water runoff was observed on sloping terraces with crops than on sloping terraces with grasses and trees. Sediment yields on the slope fields in the normal year of rainfall distribution were notably higher (34.41～331.67 % and 37.06～403.44 % for Plot 1 and Plot 2, respectively) than those on sloping terraces, implying that terracing also plays a significant role in the reduction in soil erosion. It is suggested that terracing with crops is significantly effective for soil and water conservation in cultivatedfarmland, while the conventional practice of up- and down- slope cultivation creates high rates of water runoff and soil sediment transport. Terracing with grasses and fruit trees shows a less reduction in water runoff than terracing with crops, which was observed in the 3-year experiments.

关键词： Agroforestry sediment transport runoff sloping terrace soil and water conservation

Characterization of Endophytic Microorganisms of Rice(Oryza sativa L.)Potentials for Blast Disease Biocontrol and Plant Growth Promoting Agents

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2023年第11期92卷 3021-3041页

作者： Shugufta Parveen Fayaz A.Mohiddin M.Ashraf Bhat Zahoor Ahmed Baba Fehim Jeelani M.Anwar Bhat Sajad Un Nabi Burhan Hamid Saba Bandey Farhanaz Rasool Zakir Amin Ibrahim Al-Ashkar Muhammad Adnan Ayman El Sabagh Division of Plant Pathology Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia mountain research Centre for field crops SKUAST-KashmirKhudwaniIndia Division of Genetics and Plant Breeding Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of Microbiology Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of Statistics Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Division of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirWaduraIndia Indian Council of Agricultural research-Central institute of Temperate Horticulture(ICAR-CITH) Old AirportRangrethSrinagarIndia Division of Plant Pathology Faculty of HorticultureSher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirShalimarIndia Directorate of Extension Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of KashmirShalimarIndia Department of Plant Production College of Food and Agriculture SciencesKing Saud UniversityRiyadhSaudi Arabia College of Food Agricultural and Environmental SciencesThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureUniversity of KafrelsheikhKafrelsheikhEgypt

One hundred twenty-five endophytic microorganisms were isolated from the roots,stems,and leaves of four prominent rice cultivars growing in temperate *** potential to combat rice blast disease and promote plant growth was *** dual culture tests highlighted the strong antagonistic activity of five fungal(ranging from 89%–70%)and five bacterial(72%–61%)*** examination focused on volatile compounds produced by selected isolates to counter the blast *** these,the highest chitinase(13.76μg mL−1)and siderophore(56.64%),was exhibited by Aspergillus flavus,and the highest HCN production was shown by Stenotrophomonas maltophilia(36.15μM mL−1).In terms of growth promotion traits,Aspergillus flavus and Enterobacter cloacae excelled in activities viz,phosphorous solubilization,ammonia production,auxin and gibberellic acid production,and nitrogen *** Identity of these endophytes was confirmed through molecular analysis as Trichoderma afroharzianum,Trichoderma harzianum,Penicillium rubens,Aspergillus flavus,Stenotrophomonas rhizophila,Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,Bacillus cereus,Enterobacter cloacae,and Bacillus *** greenhouse conditions,the highest disease control was shown by isolate Bacillus licheniformis and *** with an inhibition of 79%,followed by ***(77%)and ***(73%).The overall results of this study showed that Bacillus licheniformis and Stenotrophomonas rhizophila have great potential to be used as bio-stimulant and biocontrol agents to manage rice blast disease.

关键词： Endophytes phylogeny antagonistic activity Pyricularia phytohormones

Diagnosis and Recommendation Integrated System Assessment of the Nutrients Limiting and Nutritional Status of Tomato

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Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany 2022年第12期91卷 2759-2774页

作者： Rabia Manzoor Mohammad Saleem Akhtar Khalid Saifullah Khan Taqi Raza Muhammad Ishaq Asif Rehmani Carl Rosen Muhammad Khalil ur Rehman Nahla Zidan Fahad MAlzuaibr Nisreen MAbdulsalam Najla AKhateeb Majid Alhomrani Abdulhakeem SAlamri Javeed Ahmad Lone Muhammad Ammar Raza Ayman El Sabagh Institute of Soil and Environmental Sciences Pir Mehr Ali Shah Arid Agriculture University RawalpindiRawalpindi46300Pakistan Department of Biosystems Engineering&Soil Science University of TennesseeKnoxville37996USA Department of Agronomy Ghazi UniversityDera Ghazi Khan32200Pakistan Department of Soil Waterand ClimateUniversity of MinnesotaSant Paul55108USA Department of Horticultural Sciences The Islamia University of BahawalpurBahawalpur63100Pakistan Department of Nutrition and Food Science Faculty of Home EconomicsUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Biology Faculty of ScienceUniversity of TabukTabuk71491Saudi Arabia Department of Food and Nutrition Faculty of Human Sciences and DesignKing Abdul Aziz UniversityJeddah21551Saudi Arabia Clinical Nutrition Department College of Applied Medical SciencesKing Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health SciencesJeddah211423Saudi Arabia Department of Clinical Laboratories Sciences The Faculty of Applied Medical SciencesTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia Centre of Biomedical Sciences research(CBSR) Deanship of Scientific ResearchTaif UniversityTaif21944Saudi Arabia mountain research Centre for field crops Sher-e-Kashmir University of Agricultural Sciences and TechnologySrinagar190025India College of Food Science and Biotechnology Key Laboratory of Fruits and VegetablesZhejiang Gongshang UniversityHangzhou310018China Department of Agronomy Faculty of AgricultureKafrelsheikh UniversityKafrelsheikh33156Egypt

Tomato is an important field crop,and nutritional imbalances frequently reduce its *** and Recommendation Integrated System(DRIS),uses ratios for nutrient deficiency diagnosis instead of absolute concentration in plant *** this study,local DRIS norms for the field tomatoes were established and the nutrient(s)limiting tomatoes yield were *** leaves were analyzed for nutrients,to identify nutritional status using the DRIS *** hundred tomatoes fields were selected from Chatter Plain Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and the Sheikupura Punjab *** first fully matured leaf was sampled,rinsed,dried and ground for analyzing P,K,Ca,Mg,Cu,Fe,Mn and Zn using an Inductively Coupled Plasma Atomic Emission Spectrophotometer(ICP AES).Plant tissue N and S were measured by the combustion *** tomatoes yields were recorded at each *** data were divided into high-yielding(≥3.79 kg/10 plant)and low-yielding(field tomatoes for high yield.

关键词： DRIS macro and micro nutrients nutrients norms plant population tomato production