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Molecular investigation of exoU and exoY virulence genes in Pseudomonas aeruginosa collected from hospitalized patients in North of Iran:A descriptive-analytical study

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Journal of Acute Disease 2024年第2期13卷 74-80页

作者： Ahmad Reza Moradi Mehrdad Gholami Lotfollah Davoodi Negar Hajilou Hamid Reza Goli Sana Institute of Higher Education SariIran Department of Medical microbiology and Virology Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran Antimicrobial resistance Research Center Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center Faculty of MedicineMazandaran University of Medical SciencesSariIran

Objective:To investigate the frequency of exoU and exoY genes in patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection.Methods:In this study,100 clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa were collected from patients hospitalized in educational-therapeutic hospitals and were identified using standard microbiological tests.Then,the antibiotic resistance pattern of the isolates was determined by the disk agar diffusion method.The bacterial DNAs were extracted by the alkaline lysis method.Finally,the presence of exoU and exoY genes was evaluated by the PCR test.Results:In this study,47%,72%,29%,39%,40%,and 44%of the isolates were non-susceptible to piperacillin,aztreonam,ceftazidime,imipenem,tobramycin,and ciprofloxacin,respectively.In addition,95%and 93%of the clinical isolates carried the exoU and exoY genes.Blood and fecal isolates had both virulence genes,while only one wound isolate had neither genes.Meanwhile,all urinary isolates contained the exoY gene and only one isolate lacked the exoU gene.Also,88 isolates simultaneously had both exoU and exoY genes.Conclusions:High prevalence of exoU and exoY genes in this region indicates a significant role of typeⅢsecretion system in pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa.The typeⅢsecretion system may be a suitable target to reduce the pathogenicity of this bacterium.

关键词： Pseudomonas aeruginosa exoU exoY Virulence gene TypeⅢsecretion system PCR

A retrospective analysis of carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii infections in critically ill patients:Experience at a tertiary-care teaching hospital ICU

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Journal of Intensive Medicine 2024年第2期4卷 181-186页

作者： Leyla Ferlicolak Neriman Defne Altintas Fugen Yoruk Department of Internal Medicine Division of Intensive Care Unit Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical microbiology Ankara University Faculty of MedicineAnkaraTurkey

Background Acinetobacter baumannii is a clinically significant pathogen with a high incidence of multidrug resistance that is associated with life-threatening nosocomial infections.Here,we aimed to provide an insight into the clinical characteristics and outcomes of a unique group of A.baumannii infections in which the isolates were resistant to carbapenems and most other antibiotic groups in a tertiary-care intensive care unit(ICU).Methods We performed a retrospective observational study in which records of patients hospitalized in the ICU between June 1,2021 and June 1,2023 were reviewed.We checked the clinical,laboratory,and microbiological records of all adult patients who had carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii(CRAB)infections.Prior antibiotic treatments and definitive antibiotic treatments after culture positivity and susceptibility test results were recorded.C-reactive protein(CRP)and procalcitonin levels and leukocyte counts were noted.Length of ICU stay and 30-day mortality were defined as the outcome parameters.Results During the study period,57 patients were diagnosed with CRAB infections.The respiratory tract was the leading infection site(80.7%).In non-survivors,bloodstream infections(21.9%vs.4.0%P=0.05)and colistin-resistant(col-R)CRAB infections(43.8%vs.24.0%,P=0.12)were more common than in survivors,but these parameters were not statistically significant.The length of ICU stay was not different between survivors and non-survivors.Overall,the rate of col-R among CRAB clinical isolates was 35.1%.The 30-day mortality in all patients with CRAB infection was 56.1%.Mortality in col-R CRAB and colistin-susceptible(col-S)CRAB infections was 70.0%and 48.6%,respectively(P=0.12).Prior carbapenem use was 56.1%.Prior colistin use before col-R and col-S CRAB infections was not significant(35.0%vs.27.0%,P=0.53).Conclusions Our study provides real-world data on highly resistant A.baumannii infections and shares the characteristics of infections with such resistant strains.Unfortunately,carbapenem resistance in A.bau

关键词： Mortality Colistin-resi stant Gram-negative bacteria MDR Intensive care unit

Prevalence of Drug Resistant Uropathogenic Escherichia coli from Immunocompromised Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Health Facilities in Benue State

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Advances in microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 77-91页

作者： Isaac Ilesanma Adeoti Grace Mwuese Gberikon Innocent Okonkwo Ogbonna Tersagh Smart Ichor Department of microbiology College of Biological Sciences Joseph Sarwuan Tarka University Makurdi Nigeria

Escherichia coli is the commonest bacterial uropathogen of UTIs, the commonest infections in immunocompromised diabetic patients. Better understanding of their main resistance mechanisms to commonly used antibacterial agents will help to reduce the burden of this infection. The prevalence of drug resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli isolates from immunocompromised diabetic patients attending selected health facilities in Benue State was investigated. Two hundred and ninety-six midstream urine samples were collected for both study and control diabetic patients. Bacterial isolation was done using semi-quantitative method. Drug resistant Escherichia coli were identified as multidrug resistant (MDR), extensive drug resistant (XDR) and pan-drug resistant organisms (PDR). Statistical significance was considered at p E. coli isolates from the study and control subjects with overall prevalence of 20.9% and 8.4% respectively. The isolates were highly resistant to penicillin (ampicillin), monobactam (aztreonam), older quinolone (nalidixic acid) whereas the majority of them showed high susceptibility to aminoglycoside (streptomycin), cephalosporin (cefotaxime) and carbapenem (imipenem). None showed complete susceptibility to all the tested antibiotics. Twenty-five E. coli were identified in this MDR, eight, XDR while 5 were PDR. High numbers of drug resistant E. coli isolates were identified in the study group of which 25 were MDR, 8 XDR while 5 were PDR isolates. High prevalence of UTI and drug resistant isolates occur in diabetic patients with hyperglycemic condition.

关键词： Urinary Tract Infection Immunocompromised Diabetic Mellitus antibiotic resistance Escherichia coli

Towards an actionable One Health approach

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贫困所致传染病(英文) 2024年第2期13卷 1-6页

作者： Zhang Xiao-Xi Lederman Zohar Han Le-Fei Schurer Janna M. Xiao Li-Hua Zhang Zhi-Bing Chen Qiu-Lan Pfeiffer Dirk Ward Michael P. Sripa Banchob Gabri?l Sarah Dhama Kuldeep Acharya Krishna Prasad Robertson Lucy J. Deem Sharon L. Aenishaenslin Cécile Dantas-Torres Filipe Otranto Domenico Grace Delia Wang Yang Li Peng Fu Chao Poeta Patrícia Rahman Md. Tanvir Kassegne Kokouvi Zhu Yong-Zhang Yin Kun Liu Jiming Wang Zhao-Jun Guo Xiao-Kui Gong Wen-Feng Schwartl?nder Bernhard Ren Ming-Hui Zhou Xiao-Nong Sydney School of Veterinary Science The University of Sydney Camden Australia Tropical Disease Research Center Department of Tropical Medicine Faculty of Medicine Khon Kaen University Khon Kaen Thailand Laboratory of foodborne parasitic zoonoses Department of translational physiology infectiology and public health Chair Faculty Committee on Internationalisation Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ghent University Merelbeke Belgium Division of Pathology ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute (IVRI) Bareilly Uttar Pradesh India Department of Livestock Services Animal Quarantine Office-Kathmandu Budhanilkantha Kathmandu Nepal Parasitology Department of Paraclinical Sciences Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Norwegian University of Life Sciences ?s Norway One Government Drive Saint Louis Zoo Institute for Conservation Medicine St. Louis USA Groupe de Recherche en épidémiologie des Zoonoses et Santé Publique (GREZOSP) Faculté de médecine vétérinaire Université de Montréal Saint-Hyacinthe Québec Canada Centre de recherche en santé publique de l Université de Montréal et du CIUSSS du Centre-Sud-de-l’?le-de-Montréal Montréal Québec Canada Department of Immunology Aggeu Magalh?es Institute Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz) Recife Brazil School of Global Health Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai People’s Republic of China Department of Veterinary Medicine University of Bari Valenzano Italy Department of Pathobiology Faculty of Veterinary Science Bu-Ali Sina University Hamedan Iran Natural Resources Institute University of Greenwich Chatham Maritime UK International Livestock Research Institute Nairobi Kenya Director of Key Laboratory of Animal Antimicrobial resistance Surveillance Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs Beijing People’s Republic of China Institute of Animal Science Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Network O

Background Despite the increasing focus on strengthening One Health capacity building on global level, challenges remain in devising and implementing real-world interventions particularly in the Asia-Pacific region. Recognizing these gaps, the One Health Action Commission (OHAC) was established as an academic community for One Health action with an emphasis on research agenda setting to identify actions for highest impact.Main text This viewpoint describes the agenda of, and motivation for, the recently formed OHAC. Recognizing the urgent need for evidence to support the formulation of necessary action plans, OHAC advocates the adoption of both bottom-up and top-down approaches to identify the current gaps in combating zoonoses, antimicrobial resistance, addressing food safety, and to enhance capacity building for context-sensitive One Health implementation.Conclusions By promoting broader engagement and connection of multidisciplinary stakeholders, OHAC envisions a collaborative global platform for the generation of innovative One Health knowledge, distilled practical experience and actionable policy advice, guided by strong ethical principles of One Health.

关键词： One Health Global Health One Health Action Commission Research agenda

The emulti-kingdommicrobiomecatalogg of the chicken gastrointestinal tract

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Biosafety and Health 2024年第2期6卷 101-115页

作者： Yanan Wang Menggi Qu Yuhai Bi William J.Liu Sufang Ma Bo Wana Yongfei Hu Baoli Zhu Gaiping Zhang George F.Gao International Joint Research Center of National Animal Immunology Colege of Veterinary MedicineHenan Agricultural UniversityZhengzhou 450046China CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogen microbiology and Immunology Insttute of MicrobiologyChinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Bejing 100101China Longhu Laboratory Zhengzhou 450046China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China NHC Key Laboratory of Biosafety National Institute for Viral Disease Control and PreventionChinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBejing 102206China state Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feeding College of Animal Science and TechnologyChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

Chicken is an important food animal worldwide and plays an important role in human life by providing meat and eggs.Despite recent significant advances in gut microbiome studies,a comprehensive study of chicken gut bacterial,archaeal,and viral genomes remains unavailable.In this study,we constructed a chicken multi-kingdom microbiome catalog(CMKMC),including 18,201 bacterial,225 archaeal,and 33,411 viral genomes,and annotated over 6,076,006 protein-coding genes by integrating 135 chicken gut metagenomes and publicly available metagenome-assembled genomes(MAGs)from ten countries.We found that 812 and 240 MAGs in our dataset were putative novel species and genera,respectively,far beyond what was previously reported.The newly unclassified MAGs were predominant in Phyla Firmicutes_A(n=263),followed by Firmicutes(n=126),Bacteroidota(n=121),and Proteobacteria(n=87).Most of the classified species-level viral oper-ational taxonomic units belong to Caudovirales.Approximately,63.24%of chicken gut viromes are predicted to infect two or more hosts,including complete circular viruses.Moreover,we found that diverse auxiliary metabolic genes and antibiotic resistance genes were carried by viruses.Together,our CMKMC provides the largest integrated MAGs and viral genomes from the chicken gut to date,functional insights into the chicken gastrointestinal tract microbiota,and paves the way for microbial interventions for better chicken health and productivity.

关键词： Chicken Microbiome Metagenome assembled genomes Archaeome Virome antibiotic resistance gene

Multidrug-Resistant of Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. Strains in Chicken Feces Intended for Consumption in Open Spaces of Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第4期14卷 881-892页

作者： Stéphanie Lynseh Carine Sita Bénao Dabiré Amana Métuor Abdoul Karim Ouattara Rahimatou Yasmine Wendkouni Tiemtoré Nicolas Ouédraogo Blandine Ouédraogo Rhaina Olivia Badini Lionel Eliada Benoit Bambara Serge Sougué Jacques Simporé Biomolecular and Genetic Laboratory (LABIOGENE) Pietro Annigoni Biomolecular Research Center (CERBA) Department of Biochemistry-Microbiology University Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Department of Biochemistry-microbiology University of D&#233dougou D&#233dougou Burkina Faso National Malaria Research and Training Centre (CNRFP) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Resistant bacteria can be transmitted to humans through feces or contaminated meat from local chickens. Bacterial strains were isolated from the intestinal contents of 400 local chicken samples from various sales sites. These strains were then characterized using bacteriological and biochemical methods to identify resistant strains. In a study conducted in Ouagadougou, we systematically collected chicken fecal samples from 20 locations across the city, followed by isolation and identification of Salmonella spp. using specific enrichment and culture methods, as well as Escherichia coli. Bacterial strains were characterized using antibiotic resistance profiles were determined through agar diffusion tests, revealing sensitivity or resistance to a range of antibiotics based on established scientific criteria. The results showed that out of the 400 samples collected, 81.25% and 63.5% were contaminated by Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp., respectively. Among these, 86.15% of identified Escherichia coli and 50.78% of Salmonella spp. displayed resistance to at least one tested antibiotic. Among 280 Escherichia coli isolates identified resistant to at least one antibiotic, 31.07% were resistant to cefotaxime (CTX), 20.35% to ceftazidime (CAZ), 21.07% to ceftriaxone (CTR), 75% to amoxicillin clavulanic acid (AMC), 23.57% aztreoname (ATM) and 27.14% were resistant to imipenem (IMP). In the case of the 129 Salmonella spp. isolates resistant to at least one tested antibiotic, 34.88% were resistant to CTX;41.08% to CAZ;35.65% to CTR, 92% to AMC, 39.53% to ATM and finally 47.28% were resistant to IMP. Our study revealed high prevalence of resistance in bacterial strains isolated from local chickens sold outdoors in Ouagadougou. These findings raise significant public health concerns, due to the possible transmission of these resistant strains to humans through the consumption of contaminated meat, thus complicating the treatment of bacterial infections.

关键词： Multidrug-Resistant Chicken Ouagadougou Escherichia coli Salmonella spp. antibiotic

Dissemination of carbapenem-non-susceptible Acinetobacter baumannii isolates collected from educational hospitals in Qazvin province of Iran

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Infectious Diseases Research 2024年第1期5卷 3-7页

作者： Shahin Bolori Somayeh Alijani Zahra Hadi Saina Shegefti Amir Peymani Rasoul Samimi Student Research Committee Qazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvin ***Iran. Medical microbiology Research Center Qazvin University of Medical SciencesQazvin ***Iran.

Background:Acinetobacter baumannii(A.baumannii)is known as an opportunistic pathogen related to health-care-associated infection that has a high antibiotic resistance potential,notably against carbapenems that are widely used to combat A.baumannii infections.This study aimed to detect oxacillin-hydrolyzing(OXA)carbapenemases and metallo-β-lactamases(MBL)among carbapenem-resistant A.baumannii isolated strains and to determine their clonal relationship by repetitive extragenic palindromic PCR(rep-PCR).Methods:In the present study,a total of 211 non-repetitive isolates of A.baumannii were collected from Qazvin educational hospitals(2016–2017).The disk diffusion method was used to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility of studied strains,followed by the detection of MBL and OXA-type genes using polymerase chain reaction(PCR)and sequencing methods.The rep-PCR method assessed the clonal relationship of carbapenem-non-susceptible A.baumannii isolates.Result:The obtained results showed that 87.2%and 86.7%of isolates were non-susceptible to imipenem and meropenem.The blaOXA-24(93.5%)was the most frequent gene,followed by the blaOXA-23(4.34%),blaIMP-1(1.63%),and blaVIM-1(0.54%).Meanwhile,blaOXA-58 and blaOXA-143 genes were not found.81.5%and 66.1%of isolates contained ISAba1 upstream of the blaOXA-23 and blaOXA-58 genes,respectively.Rep-PCR results revealed the carbapenem non-susceptible isolates belonged to three distinct clones:A 171(81%),B 34(16.1%),and C 6(2.8%).Conclusions:The results indicated a high prevalence of carbapenem-non-susceptible A.baumannii,with the emergence of the blaOXA-24 gene as the most common gene and the notable prevalence of MBL genes.These results revealed the need for appropriate therapeutic and infection control strategies and monitoring susceptibility patterns for controlling A.baumannii infections.

关键词： Acinetobacter baumannii Carbapenemase Metallo-β-lactamases Repetitive extragenic palindromic(rep)-PCR

antibiotic resistance Profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium Isolates from Urine and Pleural Fluid in Two Hospitals of Cameroon

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Open Journal of Medical microbiology 2024年第1期14卷 39-49页

作者： Cécile Ingrid Djuikoue Farid Wega Grace Yemina Kombeu Cedric Seugnou Nana Christiane Possi Kiyang Lussabella Pohoko Medzam Erica Megane Noubissi Makougoum Nellie Mbianga Nkuigoua Herman Koyouo Tagne Mérimé Joël Tchinda Talokou Yvonne Valérie Yolande Mavoungou Ashu Michel Agbor microbiology Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of the Université des Montagnes Bangangté Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon microbiology Department of the Faculty of Health Sciences of Institut Universitaire du Golf de Guinée Douala Cameroon Centre Hospitalier Dominicain St Martin de Porres Yaoundé Cameroun Faculté des Sciences de la Santé Université Marien Ngouabi Brazzaville République du Congo

Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium rank among the leading causes of nosocomial bacteremia and urinary tract infections. They often persist on hospital surfaces due to their ability to withstand adverse environmental conditions (low or high temperatures, high pH, and high salinity). The global Enterococcus faecalis-Enterococcus faecium ratio is currently shifting towards Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci present variable levels of resistance to certain families of antibiotics. This is the case for aminoglycosides, beta-lactams and cephalosporins. In 2017, WHO ranked Enterococci among priority pathogens for research and development of new antibiotics. The objective of our study was to determine the antibiotic resistance profile of Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium isolates from urine and pleural fluid in two hospitals in Cameroon. This cross-sectional and analytic study was carried out between June to August 2023 on hospitalized and day patients in which a cytobacteriological test of urine and pleural fluid was done. The samples were inoculated on CLED Agar for urine and on Chocolate + polyvitex and blood agar (prepared from Columbia agar) for pleural fluid samples and incubated at 37℃ for 18 to 24 hours. Identification of isolates was carried out using the API 20 STREP micro gallery (Biomerieux, France) and tested for antimicrobial susceptibility. The data on socio-demographical and potential risk factors were recorded using self-administered questionnaires and data from laboratory analyses of the specimen were collected in a data capture sheet. Potential risk factors associated with the presence of Enterococci, were evaluated using the logistic regression in univariate and multivariate analysis. P value resistance to penicilline (99.3% to Am

关键词： Enterococcus faecalis Enterococcus faecium Healthcare-Associated Infections Antimicrobial resistance Cameroon

Urinary Tract Infections in a Tunisian Orthopedic Institute: Major Strain Microbiological Profile

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 91-105页

作者： Hajer Kilani Salma Kaoual Fatma Kaabi Sophia Bouhalila Besbes microbiology Unit Clinical Biology Laboratory Mohamed Kassab Institute of Orthopedics Tunis Tunisia Faculty of Medicine LR99ES09 Laboratory of Antibiotic Resistance University of Tunis El Manar Tunis Tunisia Faculty of Pharmacy Department of Biology B University of Monastir Monastir Tunisia

Background: Urinary Tract Infection (UTI) detected in the hospital and in the community is one of the most common reasons for consultation in everyday practice;it represents a major source of antibiotic consumption. This study’s objectives were to outline the microbiological profile of Tunisian patients with UTI and assess antibiotic resistance over the course of three years at the Orthopedic Institute. Methods: All strains identified in urine samples between January 1st, 2019, and December 31st, 2021, were included. Standard laboratory procedures were used to identify the bacterium. The Microscan Walkway 40 Plus was used to do biochemical assays and antibiotic susceptibility testing. The EUCAST criteria were used to interpret the findings. Results: A total of 1313 strains were isolated. The bacteriological study showed the predominance of enterobacteria (96.8%), especially E. coli (52.2%) and K. pneumoniae (19.3%). Overall resistance rates to antimicrobial agents were as follows: for hospital, E. coli strains were in descending order amoxicillin (73.05%), trimeth/sulfamethoxazole (46.9%), ofloxacin (40.3%), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid (35.05%) and gentamicin (20.5%). Our results showed low resistance to fosfomycin for E. coli 2.6% in hospitals while ≥12.1% for K. pneumoniae. Amikacin resistance remains medium-low for E. coli being ≥20% and 10% for K. pneumonia. Nitrofuran resistance has affected 1.06% of E. coli strains in hospital settings and 21.5% of K. pneumoniae. Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamases (ESBLs) production was present in a number of enterobacteria (19.3% of K. pneumoniae and 14.4% of E. coli). Conclusion: The prevalence of E. coli and K. pneumoniae producers ESBLs in UTI is increasing. Rigorous surveillance of resistance rate is necessary to determine appropriate empirical treatment and limit the spread of multiresistant strains.

关键词： Gram-Negative UTI Hospital Community Bacteria