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Maximizing biomass utilization: An integrated strategy for coproducing multiple chemicals

Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第1期100卷 180-191页

作者： Byeongchan Ahn Sua Jo Jonggeol Na J.Jay Liu Young-Ju Kim Wangyun Won department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Korea University department of Chemical Engineering (Integrated process) Kyung Hee University department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science Ewha Womans University department of Chemical Engineering Pukyong National University Resources Engineering Plant Research department Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources

Lignocellulosic biomass is one of the viable solutions to alleviate the global warming. However, the limited utilization of biomass majorly focused on cellulose and hemicellulose restricts the economic and environmental feasibilities. To cope with this issue, we proposed an integrated process of co-producing 1,6-hexanediol（1,6-HDO） with tetrahydrofuran and adipic acid from biomass, referred to as Strategy A. To compare the impacts of lignin upgrading and feedstock, Strategy B, which co-produces tetrahydrofuran alone, and Strategy C, which is the traditional route to produce 1,6-HDO from fossil fuels, were used. Heat networks are also designed to reduce operating costs and indirect carbon emissions due to energy consumption, saving 87% and 83% of the heat and cooling requirements, respectively, in Strategy A. The market competitiveness of Strategy A was evaluated by determining the minimum selling price through techno-economic analysis, and sustainability was thoroughly investigated by quantifying the environmental impacts through both midpoint and endpoint life-cycle assessments（LCAs）.Strategy A was found to be the most favorable both economically（USRDSCHARDOLLAR3,402/ton） and environmentally（-26.9 kg CO2eq.）. This indicates that lignin valorization is not only economically but also environmentally preferred. Finally, changes in economic and environmental feasibilities depending on economic, process, and environmental parameters were investigated using sensitivity and uncertainty analyses. The results of these analyses provide valuable insight into bio-based chemical production.

关键词： Biorefinery Carbon mitigation Climate change Global warming Lignin utilization Bioeconomy

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IBD5 polymorphisms in inflammatory bowel disease: Association with response to infliximab

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第8期11卷 1187-1192页

作者： Elena Urcelay Juan Luis Mendoza Alfonso Martínez Laura Fernández Carlos Taxonera Manuel Díaz-Rubio Emilio G.de la Concha immunology department Gastroenterology department

AIM: Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are multifactorial pathologies of unknown etiology. One susceptibility locus, IBD5, has been mapped to chromosome 5q31. We analyzed our Spanish cohorts of Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (DC) patients to determine whether this locus is associated with IBD, and to ascertain the main clinical phenotype influenced by this risk factor. The kind of interaction, either genetic heterogeneity or epistasis, between this IBD5 susceptibility region and the NOD2/CARD15 gene mutations was studied as well. Finally, we assessed whether this locus can predict response to infliximab therapy. METHODS: A case control study was performed with 274 CD and 211 UC patients recruited from a single center and 511 healthy ethnically matched controls. Two polymorphisms were genotyped in the IBD5 locus and three in the CARD15/NOD2 gene. RESULTS: Our results evidence association only with CD especially with the fistulizing phenotype and in the absence of NOD2/CARD15 variants (mutant allele frequency in patients vs controls: OR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.35-3.06, P<0.01). The frequency of the IBD5 homozygous mutant genotype significantly increased in CD patients lacking response to infliximab (RR = 3.88, 95% CI = 1.18-12.0, P<0.05). UC patients overall do not show association with 5q31 polymorphisms, although a similar trend to the one observed in CD is found within the worse prognosis group. CONCLUSION: The IBD5 variants may enhance an individual carrier's risk for CD, mainly in the absence of the NOD2/CARD15 mutations and in fistulizing patients. The data presented suggest the potential role of the 5q31 polymorphisms as markers of response to infliximab.

关键词： Crohn's disease Ulcerative colitis 5q31 polymorphisms Infliximab

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Recent insights into the characteristics and role of peritoneal macrophages from ascites of cirrhotic patients

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第41期27卷 7014-7024页

作者： Pilar García-Peñarrubia Antonio JoséRuiz-Alcaraz Miriam Ruiz-Ballester Tamara Nadira Ramírez-Pávez María Martínez-Esparza department of Biochemistry and Molecular biology B and immunology School of MedicineUniversity of MurciaMurcia 30100Spain

Macrophages are a diverse myeloid cell population involved in innate and adaptive immune responses,embryonic development,wound repair,and regulation of tissue *** cells link the innate and adaptive immunities and are crucial in the development and sustainment of various inflammatory *** are tissue-resident cells in steady-state conditions;however,they are also recruited from blood monocytes after local pathogen invasion or tissue *** macrophages vary based on their cell complexity,phenotype,and functional *** cells regulate inflammation and control bacterial infections in the ascites of decompensated cirrhotic *** recent work reported several phenotypic and functional characteristics of these cells under both healthy and pathological conditions.A direct association between cell size,CD14/CD16 expression,intracellular level of GATA-6,and expression of CD206 and HLA-DR activation/maturation markers,indicate that the large peritoneal macrophage CD14^(high)CD16^(high)subset constitutes the mature phenotype of human resident peritoneal macrophages during ***,elevated expression of CD14/CD16 is related to the phagocytic *** novel large CD14^(high)CD16^(high)peritoneal subpopulation is increased in the ascites of cirrhotic patients and is highly sensitive to lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-induced activation,thereby exhibiting features of inflammatory ***,phosphorylation of ERK1/2,PKB/Akt,and c-Jun is remarkably increased in response to LPS in vitro,whereas that of p38 MAPK is reduced compared with the monocyte-derived macrophages from the blood of healthy ***,in vitro activated monocyte-derived macrophages from ascites of cirrhotic patients secreted significantly higher levels of IL-6,IL-10,and TNF-αand lower amounts of IL-1βand IL-12 than the corresponding cells from healthy donor’s *** on these results,other authors have recently reported that the sur

关键词： Cirrhosis Inflammation Peritoneal macrophages Phenotypic markers Activation routes

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Virus-like nanoparticle vaccines for inducing long-lasting immunity against infectious diseases

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 13-15页

作者： Yi-Nan Zhang Sarah Auclair Jiang Zhu department of Integrative Structural and Computational biology The Scripps Research Institute department of immunology and microbiology The Scripps Research Institute

Prophylactic vaccines that can generate long-lasting protective immune responses are needed for many infectious diseases. Efficient vaccination requires vaccine antigens to be retained and presented to B cells in lymp... 详细信息

关键词： against diseases immunity inducing infectious long-lasting nanoparticle vaccines virus-like

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Cytokine profile in Egyptian hepatitis C virus genotype-4 in relation to liver disease progression

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2005年第42期11卷 6624-6630页

作者： Abdel-Rahman N Zekri Mohammed S El-Din Ashour Ahmed Hassan Hanaa M Alam El-Din Amal MR El-Shehaby Maha A Abu-Shady Virology and immunology Unit Cancer biology department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Egypt microbiology department Faculty of Pharmacy Azhar University Egypt microbiology and immunology department Sohag Faculty of Medicine South Valley University Egypt Virology and immunology Unit Cancer biology department National Cancer Institute Cairo University Egypt Biochemistry department El-Kaser El-Aini School of Medicine Cairo University Egypt

AIM： To observe the imbalance between T helper cell Th1 and Th2 cytokines in several chronic hepatitis disease at different stages of disease progression. METHODS： We measured the cytokine levels of Thl （IL-2 and IL-2R）, Th2 （IL-10） and the pro-inflammatory cytokines （IL-6 and IL-6R and TNF and TNF-RI and II） by the ELISA technique in the sera of 33 hepatocellular carcinoma （HCC） patients and 20 chronic liver disease （CLD） patients. In addition, 20 asymptomatic hepatitis C virus carriers and 20 healthy subjects negative for hepatitis C virus（HCV） markers served as controls. RESULTS： Anti-HCV antibodies were found to be positive in 94% of HCC cases and 75% of CLD cases. On the other hand, HCV viremia was detected using RT- PCR in 67% of HCC cases and 65% of CLD cases. HBsAg was positive in 9% of HCC cases and 30% of CLD cases. Also bilharziaI-Ab was positive in 55% of HCC cases, 65% of CLD cases and in 70% of asymptomatic carriers （ASC）. HCC patients had significantly higher values of IL- 2R, TNF-RII （P〈0.001）, and TNF-RI （P〉0.05）, but lower TNFα （P〈0.001） and IL-6 （P = 0.032） in comparison to ASC. But, in comparison to non-cancer controls, HCC patients had higher values of IL-2R, IL-6R, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, but lower TNF-α （P〈0.001）. CLD patients had higher IL-2R, TNF-RI, and TNF-RII （P〈0.001） than ASC. But, in comparison to non-cancer controls, CLD patients had higher values of IL-2R, TNF-RI and TNF-RII, but lower TNF-α （P〈0.001）. IL-10 was higher （though not significantly） in HCC and CLD patients than in symptomatic carriers and non-cancer controls. CONCLUSION： Liver disease progression from CLD to HCC due to HCV genotype-4 infection is associated with an imbalance between Th1 and Th2 cytokines. IL-2R, TNF-RI, and TNF-RII could be used as potential markers.

关键词： Cytokine HCV Genotype-4 Liver disease

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HSP70L1-mediated intracellular priming of dendritic cell vaccination induces more potent CTL response against cancer

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Cellular & Molecular immunology 2018年第2期15卷 135-145页

作者： Shuxun Liu Lin Yi Ma Ling Jinxia Jiang Lijun Song Juan Liu Xuetao Cao National Key Laboratory of Medical immunology Institute of ImmunologySecond Military Medical UniversityShanghai200433China department of immunology National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular BiologyChinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijing100730China

Heat-shock protein(HSP)-based immunotherapy is established on its adjuvant effects when applied via an extracellular approach to pulse and activate dendritic cells(DCs).Our previous studies indicate that DCs pulsed with recombinant fusion proteins of antigenic fragment and HSP70-like protein 1(HSP70L1)are potent in stimulating antigen-specific Th1 *** herein evaluated the cytotoxic T cell(CTL)response by an intracellular approach of priming DCs with transfection of recombinant adenovirus-expressing the fusion gene of the 576–699 fragment of carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA)and *** compared with DCs pulsed with extracellular fusion protein,the DCs transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene displayed equivalent mature phenotypes but less inflammatory ***,the transfected DCs were superior to the pulsed DCs in inducing CEA-specific ***,immunization of HLA-A2.1/H-2Kb transgene mice with the transfected DCs could induce more quantities of HLA-A2.1-restricted CEA-specific CTLs,protecting nude mice more significantly from human CEA-expressing colon tumor challenge when adoptively *** investigation indicated that intracellular expression of the fusion protein empowered the transfected DCs by activation of STAT1 possibly via inducing IFN-βand ERK ***,the more potent ability to induce anti-CEA CTL responses enables the DCs,which transfected with recombinant adenovirus expressing the fusion gene of antigenic CEA fragment and Th1 adjuvant,as an alternative promising approach for the immunotherapy of CEA-positive tumors.

关键词： CTL dendritic cell HSP70L1 immunotherapy

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Advances in innate immune signaling:new activators and regulators

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National Science Review 2016年第2期3卷 160-162页

作者： Juan Liu Xuetao Cao National Key Laboratory of Medical immunology & Institute of immunology Second Military Medical University National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular biology & department of immunology Institute of Basic Medical SciencesChinese Academy of Medical Sciences

The innate immune system can detect the invading microbe components via three major pattern recognition receptorsToll-like receptors,RIG-I-like receptors and NOD-like receptors as well as a variety of cytoplasmic DNA or RNA *** innate receptors induce a series of intracellular downstream signaling pathways,leading to the efficient innate immune responses to eliminate pathogens(Fig.1).Meanwhile,

关键词： Advances in innate immune signaling IKK DNA TLR

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The role of interleukin-6 in central nervous system demyelination

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Neural Regeneration Research 2016年第12期11卷 1922-1923页

作者： Filip Petkovic Bernardo Castellano department of Cell biology Physiology and Immunology Institute of Neuroscience Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona Bellaterra Spain department of immunology Institute for Biological Research "Sinisa Stankovic" Belgrade Serbia

Demyelination of the central nervous system（CNS）is a hallmark of multiple sclerosis（MS）,chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative *** demyelination favors neurodegeneration of denuded axons,which is a major cause... 详细信息

关键词： interleukin disability neuronal irreversible despite microglia cytokine astrocyte maturation understood

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Fine-tuning MAVS- and STING-mediated antiviral innate immunity

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National Science Review 2015年第3期2卷 262-264页

作者： Xingguang Liu Xuetao Cao National Key Laboratory of Medical immunology& Institute of immunology Second Military Medical University National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular biology & department of immunology Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences

The pathogen-associated molecules or nucleic acids derived from the invading pathogens can initiate the production of type I interferons(IFNs)and IFN-inducible genes,resulting in the establishment of an efective antimicrobial *** case of viral infection,nucleic acids from viruses are detected by patern recognition receptors mainly including several endosomal members of

关键词： Fine-tuning MAVS and STING-mediated antiviral innate immunity IFN

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Evidence for existence of a close association between CD14 and CXCR4 on monocytic cell line U937

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2007年第8期17卷 979-982页

作者： Yang Hengwen Lan Canhui Chen Yinghua~(**) (Laboratory of immunology,department of biology,Tsinghua University Protein Science Laboratory of MOE,Beijing 100084,China) Laboratory of immunology Department of Biology Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China Protein Science Laboratory Beijing 100084 China

The surface expression of HIV-1 coreceptors (CXCR4 and CCR5) on monocytes can be regulated by the ligand of CD14,and the susceptibility of the cells to HIV-1 is then *** previous study found that monoclonal antibody against CD14 could dramatically inhibit CXCR4-mediated chemotaxis and cell-cell *** on these studies,we explored potential relationship between CD14 and CXCR4 on monocytic cell line *** cytometry analysis showed that anti-CXCR4 monoclonal antibody (mAb) 12G5 strongly inhibited binding of the FITC-conjugated anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies (TUK4 and UCHM1) to U937,while another CX- CR4-specific mAb B-R24 did not show any effect on this *** the other hand,two anti-CD14 monoclonal antibodies (TUK4 and UCH-M1) obviously inhibited the binding of the PE-conjugated anti-CXCR4 mAb 12G5 to U937 but did not inhibit the binding of mAb 12G5 to CXCR4-transfected 3T3 cells (***4),which indicates that the blocking of mAb 12G5 binding to CXCR4 by CD14- specific mAbs is not involved in the possibility that CD14-specific mAbs directly bind to *** results suggested existence of a close association between CD14 and CXCR4 on monocytic cell line U937.

关键词： CD14 CXCR4 cross-inhibition

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