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Progress in non-invasive detection of liver fibrosis

Cancer Biology & Medicine 2018年第2期15卷 124-136页

作者： Chengxi Li Rentao Li Wei Zhang Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyCambridgeMA 02139USA Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and HospitalNational Clinical Research Center for CancerKey Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and TherapyTianjin Tianjin's Clinical Research Center for Cancer Tianjin 300060China

Liver fibrosis is an important pathological precondition for hepatocellular *** degree of hepatic fibrosis is positively correlated with liver *** fibrosis is a series of pathological and physiological process related to liver cell necrosis and degeneration after chronic liver injury,which finally leads to extracellular matrix and collagen *** early detection and precise staging of fibrosis and cirrhosis are very important for early diagnosis and timely initiation of appropriate therapeutic *** risk of severe liver fibrosis finally progressing to liver carcinoma is＆gt;50%.It is known that biopsy is the gold standard for the diagnosis and staging of liver ***,this method has some limitations,such as the potential for pain,sampling variability,and low patient ***,the necessity of obtaining a tissue diagnosis of liver fibrosis still remains *** increasing number of reliable non-invasive approaches are now available that are widely applied in clinical practice,mostly in cases of viral hepatitis,resulting in a significantly decreased need for liver *** fact,the noninvasive detection and evaluation of liver cirrhosis now has good accuracy due to current serum markers,ultrasound imaging,and magnetic resonance imaging quantification techniques.A prominent advantage of the non-invasive detection and assessment of liver fibrosis is that liver fibrosis can be monitored repeatedly and easily in the same *** biomarkers have the advantages of high applicability（〉95%）and good ***,their results can be influenced by different patient conditions because none of these markers are *** most promising techniques appear to be transient elastography and magnetic resonance elastography because they provide reliable results for the detection of fibrosis in the advanced stages,and future developments promise to increase the reliability and accuracy of the stag

关键词： Liver fibrosis non-invasive detection computer-aided quantitative deep learning

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The Glutamatergic Postrhinal Cortex–Ventrolateral Orbitofrontal Cortex Pathway Regulates Spatial Memory Retrieval

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Neuroscience Bulletin 2019年第3期35卷 447-460页

作者： Xinyang Qi Zhanhong Jeff Du Lin Zhu Xuemei Liu Hua Xu Zheng Zhou Cheng Zhong Shijiang Li Liping Wang Zhijun Zhang Department of Neurology Affiliated ZhongDa HospitalInstitute of NeuropsychiatrySchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009China Shenzhen Key Lab of Neuropsychiatric Modulation and Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) Center for Excellence in Brain Science and Intelligence Technologythe Brain Cognition and Brain Disease Institute for Collaboration Research of the Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced Technology at the CAS and the McGovern Institute at Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyShenzhen 518055China Department of Biophysics Medical College of WisconsinMilwaukeeWI53226USA

A deficit in spatial memory has been taken as an early predictor of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) or mild cognitive impairment(MCI). The uncinate fasciculus(UF) is a long-range white-matter tract that connects the anterior temporal lobe with the orbitofrontal cortex(OFC)in primates. Previous studies have shown that the UF impairment associated with spatial memory deficits may be an important pathological change in aging and AD, but its exact role in spatial memory is not well understood. The pathway arising from the postrhinal cortex(POR) and projecting to the ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex(vlOFC)performs most of the functions of the UF in *** the literature suggests an association between spatial memory and the regions connected by the POR–vlOFC pathway, the function of the pathway in spatialmemory is relatively unknown. To further illuminate the function of the UF in spatial memory, we dissected the POR–vlOFC pathway in mice. We determined that the POR–vlOFC pathway is a glutamatergic structure, and that glutamatergic neurons in the POR regulate spatial memory retrieval. We also demonstrated that the POR–vlOFC pathway specifically transmits spatial information to participate in memory retrieval. These findings provide a deeper understanding of UF function and dysfunction related to disorders of memory, as in MCI and AD.

关键词： Spatial memory Postrhinal cortex Ventrolateral orbitofrontal cortex Mild cognitive impairment Alzheimer's disease

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The efficacy and safety of nimodipine in acute ischemic stroke patients with mild cognitive impairment: a double-blind, randomized,placebo-controlled trial

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Science Bulletin 2019年第2期64卷 101-107页

作者： Huaguang Zheng Yilong Wang Anxin Wang Hao Li David Wang Xingquan Zhao Penglian Wang Haipeng Shen Lijun Zuo Yuesong Pan Zixiao Li Xia Meng Xianwei Wang Weixiong Shi Yi Ju Liping Liu Kehui Dong Chunxue Wang Rubo Sui Rong Xue Xiaoping Pan Xiaoyua Niu Benyan Luo Yi Sui Huali Wang Tao Feng Yongjun Wang Beijing Tiantan hospital Capital Medical University China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases OSF Saint Francis Medical Center Peoria Faculty of Business and Economics University of Hong Kong The First hospital Liao Ning Medical College The general hospital Tianjin Medical University Guangzhou First People’s hospital School of Medicine South China University of Technology The First hospital of Shanxi Medical University The First hospital Zhejiang Medical University Shenyang First People’s hospital Shenyang Medical College Dementia Care & Research Center Peking University Institute of Mental Health

Nimodipine might be effective in subcortical vascular dementia(VaD). Its benefit in preventing further cognitive decline in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS) and vascular mild cognitive impairment(VaMCI) remains to be established. In this multicenter, double-blind trial, we randomly assigned 654 eligible patients to nimodipine 30 mg three times a day or placebo. The primary outcome was any cognitive decline defined by the changes on the Mini-Mental State Examination(DMMSE à3) or vascular AD assessment scale cognitive subscale(DADAS-cog ! 4) at 6 months. Secondary outcomes included any distribution shift of DADAS-cog, DMMSE or cognitive improvement defined by DADAS-cog à2, or DMMSE ! 0. The primary outcome in the nimodipine group and placebo group were similar for DMMSE à3(4.18% and 7.22%, respectively, P = 0.15) and DADAS-cog ! 4(8.36% and 8.93% respectively,P = 0.88). The distribution shift of DADAS-cog and DMMSE differed significantly between the two groups(P = 0.03 and P = 0.05 respectively). Cognitive improvement occurred in 55.4% in the nimodipine group and 43.6% in the placebo group measured by DADAS-cog à2(Odds Ratio, 1.54; 95% confidence interval[CI] 1.10–2.14, P < 0.01) or 84.0% and 74.6% respectively by DMMSE ! 0(Odds Ratio, 1.79; 95% CI 1.18–2.70, P < 0.01). Nimodipine was associated with better cognitive function in the memory domain. The adverse events rate was similar in two groups. This study is registered with ***,NCT01220622. Nimodipine did not show benefit to prevent cognitive decline in AIS patients with VaMCI, but improved cognition moderately, especially measured in the memory domain.

关键词： Nimodipine Acute ischemic stroke Mild cognitive impairment Cognitive decline Prevention

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MicroRNAs in heart and circulation during physical exercise

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2018年第4期7卷 433-441页

作者： Lijun Wang Yicheng Lv Guoping Li Junjie Xiao Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Cardiovascular SciencesSchool of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444Chin Cardiovascular Division of the massachusetts general hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02215USA Corresponding author.E-mail address.junjiexiao@***

Exercise training is beneficial to the cardiovascular system. MicroRNAs （miRNAs, miRs） are a class of conserved non-coding RNAs and play a wide-ranging role in the regulation of eukaryotic gene expression. Exercise training alters the expression levels of large amounts ofmiRNAs in the heart. In addition, circulating miRNAs appear to be regulated by exercise training. In this review, we will summarize recent advances in the regulation of miRNAs during physical exercise intervention in various cardiovascular diseases, including pathologic cardiac hypertrophy, myocardial fibrosis, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial infarction, and heart failure. The regulatory role of circulating miRNAs after exercise training was also reviewed. In conclusion, miRNAs might be a valuable target for treatment of cardiovascular diseases and have great potential as biomarkers for assessment of physical performance.2018 Published by Elsevier *** behalf of Shanghai University of Sport. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC-ND license. （http：//***/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/）.

关键词： Cardiovascular diseases Circulating microRNAs Exercise MicroRNAs

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assessment of chronic radiation proctopathy and radiofrequency ablation treatment follow-up with optical coherence tomography angiography: A pilot study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2019年第16期25卷 1997-2009页

作者： Osman Oguz Ahsen Kaicheng Liang Hsiang-Chieh Lee Zhao Wang James G Fujimoto Hiroshi Mashimo Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Massachusetts Institute of Technology Gastroenterology Section VA Boston Healthcare System Harvard School of Medicine Boston

BACKGROUND Chronic radiation proctopathy(CRP) occurs as a result of pelvic radiation therapy and is associated with formation of abnormal vasculature that may lead to persistent rectal bleeding. While incidence is declining due to refinement of radiation delivery techniques, CRP remains one of the major complications of pelvic radiation therapy and significantly affects patient quality of *** ablation(RFA) is an emerging treatment modality for eradicating abnormal vasculature associated with CRP. However, questions remain regarding CRP pathophysiology and optimal disease *** To study feasibility of optical coherence tomography angiography(OCTA) for investigating subsurface vascular alterations in CRP and response to RFA *** Two patients with normal rectum and 8 patients referred for, or undergoing endoscopic RFA treatment for CRP were imaged with a prototype ultrahighspeed optical coherence tomography(OCT) system over 15 OCT/colonoscopy visits(2 normal patients, 5 RFA-na?ve patients, 8 RFA-follow-up visits). OCT and OCTA was performed by placing the OCT catheter onto the dentate line and rectum without endoscopic guidance. OCTA enabled depth-resolved microvasculature imaging using motion contrast from flowing blood, withoutrequiring injected dyes. OCTA features of normal and abnormal microvasculature were assessed in the mucosa and submucosa. Blinded reading of OCTA images was performed to assess the association of abnormal rectal microvasculature with CRP and RFA treatment, and rectal telangiectasia density endoscopic *** OCTA/OCT images are intrinsically co-registered and enabled depth-resolved visualization of microvasculature in the mucosa and submucosa. OCTA visualized normal vascular patterns with regular honeycomb patterns vs abnormal vasculature with distorted honeycomb patterns and ectatic/tortuous microvasculature in the rectal mucosa. Normal arterioles and venules < 200 μm in diameter versus abnormal he

关键词： Optical coherence tomography Optical coherence tomography angiography Radiofrequency ablation Chronic radiation proctopathy Rectal telangiectasia density scoring system Subsurface microvascular imaging

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Archival FFPE blocks: The gift that keeps giving

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The Innovation 2024年第1期5卷 3-4页

作者： Zuen Ren Bryce Ordway Po-Han Lin Cancer Center Massachusetts General HospitalBostonMAUSA Department of Medicine Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114USA Broad institute of Harvard and massachusetts institute of technology CambridgeMA 02142USA

In a recent issue of Cell,Kaile and colleagues reported a robust highthroughput single-cell DNA sequencing(scDNA-seq)technique,named ArcWell,that enables the researchers to overcome huge challenges while studying cancer genomic evolution in formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded(FFPE)samples from clinical cancer *** the application of this technique,the team revealed a clearer view of the clonal diversity of breast ductal carcinoma in situ(DCIS)and genomic evolution of DCIS to recurrent disease.

关键词： cancer clinical overcome

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Downregulation of circ-ZNF609 Promotes Heart Repair by Modulating RNA N^(6)-Methyladenosine-Modified Yap Expression

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Research 2022年第3期2022卷 253-269页

作者： Lijun Wang Pujiao Yu Jiaqi Wang Guie Xu Tianhui Wang Jingyi Feng Yihua Bei Jiahong Xu Hongbao Wang Saumya Das Junjie Xiao Cardiac Regeneration and Ageing Lab Institute of Geriatrics(Shanghai University)Affiliated Nantong Hospital of Shanghai University(The Sixth People’s Hospital of Nantong)School of MedicineShanghai UniversityNantong 226011China Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Organ Repair School of Life ScienceShanghai UniversityShanghai 200444China Department of Cardiology Tongji HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065China Department of Cardiology Yangpu HospitalTongji University School of MedicineShanghai 200065China Cardiovascular Division of the massachusetts general hospital and Harvard Medical School BostonMA 02114USA

Circular RNAs take crucial roles in several pathophysiological *** regulatory role and its underlying mechanisms of circ-ZNF609 in the heart remains largely ***,we report that circ-ZNF609 is upregulated during myocardial ischemia/reperfusion(I/R)*** of circ-ZNF609 protects against acute I/R injury and attenuates left ventricle dysfunction after I/R remodeling in *** vitro,circ-ZNF609 regulates cardiomyocyte survival and proliferation via modulating the crosstalk between Hippo-YAP and Akt ***,N6-methyladenosine-modification is involved in the regulatory role of circ-ZNF609 on *** in-depth study indicates that knockdown of circ-ZNF609 decreases the expression of YTHDF3 and further fine-tuned the accessibility of Yap mRNA to YTHDF1 and YTHDF2 to regulate YAP ***-ZNF609 knockdown represents a promising therapeutic strategy to combat the pathological process of myocardial I/R injury.

关键词： expression. remodeling acute

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Propylparaben Induces Reproductive Toxicity in Human Extravillous Trophoblast Cells via Apoptosis and Cell Cycle Pathways

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Environment & Health 2024年第5期2卷 301-310页

作者： Yifen Guo Yingao Yang Zixuan Zhou Changyuan Zhao Yanchun Li Huanying Zhou Shuyue Ren Yan Gu Zhixian Gao Tianjin Key Laboratory of Risk assessment and Control technology for Environment and Food Safety Tianjin Institute of Environmental and Operational MedicineTianjin 300050China Department of Family Planning The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjin 300211China

Parabens(PBs),especially propylparaben,commonly used in consumer products,pose environmental and health *** study explored propylparaben’s cytotoxicity on HTR-8/SVneo human trophoblast cells,revealing significant dosedependent cytotoxic effects,particularly post 48-h *** propylparaben levels triggered apoptosis,evidenced by increased Bax and activated Caspase-3,and induced the G0/G1 cell cycle ***,an increase in reactive oxygen species and reduced mitochondrial membrane potential indicated oxidative stress and mitochondrial *** Nacetylcysteine(NAC)treatment reduced oxidative stress,cell invasiveness persisted,suggesting propylparaben might affect cell migration through nonoxidative *** transcriptome analysis through RNA sequencing revealed 3488 differentially expressed genes affected by propylparaben,highlighting changes in pathways like apoptosis and cell cycle regulation and identifying seven hub genes as potential biomarkers for pregnancy-related *** study comprehensively demonstrates the cytotoxic effects of propylparaben on human trophoblast cells,notably through apoptosis induction and cell cycle disruption,thereby providing crucial insights into its potential risks for reproductive health.

关键词： propylparaben HTR-8/SVneo cells trophoblast apoptosis RNA-seq

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Elimination of LWD (Logging While Drilling) Tool Modes Using Seismoelectric Data

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Communications in Computational Physics 2010年第1期7卷 47-63页

作者： Xin Zhan Zhenya Zhu Shihong Chi M.Nafi Toksoz Earth Resources Laboratory Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyBuilding 54-181577 Massachusetts AveCambridgeMA 02142USA Petrophysics ConocoPhillips600 North Dairy AshfordHoustonTX 77252USA

Borehole acoustic logging-while-drilling (LWD) for formation evaluationhas become an indispensable part of hydrocarbon reservoir assessment [F. Citt ´a, C. Rus-sell, R. Deady and D. Hinz, The Leading Edge, 23 (2004), pp. 566-573]. However,the detection of acoustic formation arrivals over tool mode contamination has beena challenging problem in acoustic LWD technology. In this paper we propose a newmethod for separating tool waves from formation acoustic waves in acoustic *** method is to measure the seismoelectric signal excited by the LWD acoustic *** LWD tool waves which propagate along the rigid tool rim can not excite any elec-tric signal. This is due to the effectively grounding of the drill string during the LWDprocess makes it impossible to accumulate any excess charge at the conductive tool —borehole fluid interface. Therefore, there should be no contribution by the tool modesto the recorded seismoelectric signals. To theoretically understand the seismoelectricconversion in the LWD geometry, we calculate the synthetic waveforms for the multi-pole LWD seismoelectric signals based on Pride’s theory [S. R. Pride, Phys. Rev. B, 50(1994), pp. 15678-15696]. The synthetic waveforms for the electric field induced by theLWD-acoustic-wave along the borehole wall demonstrate the absence of the tool *** also designed the laboratory experiments to collect simulated LWD monopole anddipole acoustic and seismoelectric signals in a borehole in sandstone. By analyzing thespectrum of acoustic and electric signals, we can detect and filter out the differencebetween the two signals, which are the mainly tool modes and noise.

关键词： Logging While Drilling acoustoelectric logging multipole LWD seismoelectric sig-nal laboratory experiment numerical simulation

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偶发低危胰腺和肾脏病变的影像随访研究:年龄及并发症对预期寿命的影响

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国际医学放射学杂志 2018年第4期 471-471页

作者： T.J.Raphel D.T.Weaver L.L.Berland B.R.Herts A.J.Megibow A.B.Knudsen 郑娇凤 Department of Radiology and institute for technology assessment Massachusetts General Hospital

目的通过影像检查随访探讨Bosniak IIF肾囊肿和胰腺副(SB)胰管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)病人年龄和合并症对预期寿命(LE)的影响。材料与方法构建决策分析Markov模型评估LE获益时间。对不同年龄(60～80岁)、不同程度合并症表现(无、轻、... 详细信息

目的通过影像检查随访探讨Bosniak IIF肾囊肿和胰腺副(SB)胰管内乳头状黏液性肿瘤(IPMN)病人年龄和合并症对预期寿命(LE)的影响。材料与方法构建决策分析Markov模型评估LE获益时间。对不同年龄(60～80岁)、不同程度合并症表现(无、轻、中、重)的病人进行评估。比较影像随访和无影像随访对LE的预测。在随访组中,假设Bosniak IIF肾囊肿(肾细胞癌)和SBIPMN(胰腺导管腺癌)病人在扩散前已成功治疗。未随访组,Bosniak IIF肾囊肿(肾细胞癌)和SBIPMN(胰腺导管腺癌)的死亡风险合并计算。对模型假设和参数不确定性进行敏感性评估分析。结果年轻健康组(60岁,无并发症)随访的预期寿命获益时间如下:Bosniak IIF肾囊肿,女性获益时间6.5个月,男性获益时间5.8个月;SBIPMN,女性获益时间6.4个月,男性获益时间5.3个月。60岁合并严重并发症的女性Bosniak IIF肾囊肿病人的随访LE获益时间减少到3.9个月;80岁无并发症的女性Bosniak IIF肾囊肿病人的随访LE获益时间为2.8个月;合并严重并发症LE获益时间为1.5个月。Bosniak IIF肾囊肿男性病人、SBIPMN女性病人的随访LE获益时间具有类似趋势。该结果对于进行随访检出癌症、恶性肿瘤风险评估、未随访的恶性Bosniak IIF肾囊肿的恶性度分期具有敏感性。结论随着年龄增长和合并症严重程度增加,偶发低危病变的影像随访对病人的收益越来越有限。

关键词： IIF 预期寿命胰腺导管腺癌肾囊肿并发症

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