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Triboelectric nanogenerators for self-powered neurostimulation

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Nano Research 2024年第10期17卷 8926-8941页

作者： Shumao Xu Farid Manshaii Xiao Xiao Junyi Yin Jun Chen Department of Bioengineering University of CaliforniaLos AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095USA

The burgeoning field of soft bioelectronics heralds a new dawn in medical treatment for neurological and psychiatric conditions,presenting innovative methods for the stimulation,inhibition,and precise sensing of neuronal *** to these advancements is the challenge of power supply;devices dependent on traditional batteries face limitations regarding miniaturization and require invasive surgeries for battery *** nanogenerators(TENGs),which generate power from biomechanical movements,offer a promising solution for developing self-powered neurostimulation devices without the need for an external power *** review delves into recent progress in TENGs,with a focus on their application in selfpowered neurostimulation *** utility of TENGs across various nervous systems—including the center,autonomic,and somatic nervous systems—is explored and presented,highlighting the potential for these devices to facilitate neurological *** summarizing TENGs’operational details and the potential for clinical translation,this review also identifies challenges associated with the implantation and integration of neural electrodes and presents recent advances in solutions,aiming to reshape electric treatments for neurological diseases.

关键词： triboelectric nanogenerators neurostimulation self-powered soft bioelectronics biomechanical energy harvesting

Situational Analysis of Malaria Incidence Under Integrated Malaria Service in Hotspot Township-Minbya Township,Rakhine State,Myanmar,2017–2020

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China CDC weekly 2024年第17期6卷 374-377页

作者： Aung Than Oo Hong Chen ASEAN Centre for Biodiversity Ringgold standard institution D.M.Lantican AvenueUniversity of the Philippines Los Baños LagunaLos BañosPhilippines center for Global Public Health Chinese Center for Disease Control and PreventionBeijingChina

Introduction:Malaria is a significant public health concern and tropical disease,particularly affecting Myanmar within the Greater Mekong *** annual parasite index(API)exceeds 1 per 10,000 population in the northern seven townships of Rakhine State,with Minbya Township designated as a highburden area for malaria by the World Health Organization(WHO)Myanmar and the National Malaria Control Programme(NMCP).Since 2017,the Malaria reduction intensification plan has been in place in this township to combat the high disease transmission *** study aims to assess the malaria epidemiology in Minbya Township from 2017 to 2020 under the intensification plan for elimination,as well as to evaluate the effectiveness of the integrated strategy in reducing cases in hotspot ***:The study utilized a surveillance study design to collect secondary data from the Malaria surveillance system(MSS)and the epidemiologic monitoring dashboard of Minbya Township,Maruk-U District,located in Rakhine ***:Since 2017,the Malaria prevention and control(P&C)Program in Minbya Township has successfully decreased malaria morbidity,eliminated malaria-related deaths,and bolstered malaria testing capabilities through the participation of village health volunteers(VHVs).Approximately 87%of malaria prevention and control services are executed by the township’s malaria elimination and disease control programs,with additional support from *** API dropped from 13 in 2017 to 2.5 in 2020,with Plasmodium vivax being the most prevalent malaria species,accounting for 55%of ***:The study suggests that early diagnosis and promotion of artemisinin-based combination treatment(ACT),along with strategic planning including expanding active case detection in rural health centers and implementing a communitybasedcommunitybased integrated healthcare approach,are effective and efficient strategies for malaria elimination.

关键词： Malaria prevention epidemiology

Structural basis for polyuridine tract recognition by SARS-CoV-2 Nsp15

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Protein & Cell 2024年第7期15卷 547-552页

作者： Fumiaki Ito Hanjing Yang Z.Hong Zhou Xiaojiang S.Chen Molecular and Computational Biology Department of Biological SciencesUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Department of Microbiology Immunology and Molecular GeneticsUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095United States California NanoSystems Institute University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA90095United States Genetic Molecular and Cellular Biology ProgramKeck School of MedicineUniversity of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States Norris Comprehensive Cancer center University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States center of Excellence in NanoBiophysics University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States

Dear Editor,Coronaviruses have evolved a wide array of tactics to evade host antiviral *** host cells detect invading foreign nucleic acids including viral genome and viral replication intermediates,they activate interferon(IFN)signaling via cytoplasmic pattern recognition receptors(Kang et al.,2002;Kato et al.,2006).Remarkable stealth activities exhibited by coronaviruses are facilitated by a series of non-structural proteins(Nsps),such as Nsp15(Deng and Baker,2018;Deng et al.,2019;Hackbart et al.,2020),which is a uridine-specific endoribonuclease that mediates evasion of host detection of viral double-stranded RNA(dsRNA)(Bhardwaj et al.,2004;Deng et al.,2017;Frazier et al.,2021;Ivanov et al.,2004).Nsp15 targets a polyuridine[poly(U)]tract on the coronavirus negative strand RNA(Hackbart et al.,2020).Nsp15 limits the abundance and length of poly(U)within the negative strand RNA 5ʹ-extension by trimming down the initially synthesized poly(U)lead sequence to the optimal length that can suppress dsRNA formation but still serves as a template for poly(A)tail of the positive strand genome of the coronaviruses(Hofmann and Brian,1991).

关键词： p15 interferon template

Vibration-assisted vat photopolymerization for pixelated-aliasing-free surface fabrication

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2024年第3期6卷 440-456页

作者： Han Xu Renzhi Hu Shuai Chen Junhong Zhu Chi Zhou Yong Chen center for Advanced Manufacturing University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90007United States of America Daniel J.Epstein Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering University of Southern CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90089United States of America Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering University of BuffaloBuffaloNY 14260United States of America

Mask image projection-based vat photopolymerization(MIP-VPP)offers advantages like low cost,high resolution,and a wide material range,making it popular in industry and ***,MIP-VPP employing liquid crystal displays(LCDs)has gained traction,increasingly replacing digital micromirror devices,particularly among hobbyists and in educational settings,and is now beginning to be used in industrial ***,LCD-based MIP-VPPsuffers from pronounced pixelated aliasing arising from LCD’s discrete image pixels and itsdirect-contact configuration in MIP-VPP machines,leading to rough surfaces on the 3D-printed ***,we propose a vibration-assisted MIP-VPP method that utilizes a microscalevibration to uniformize the light intensity distribution of the LCD-based mask image on VPP’s building *** maintaining the same fabrication speed,our technique generates asmoother,non-pixelated mask image,reducing the roughness on flat surfaces and boundary segments of 3D-printed *** light intensity modeling and simulation,we derived an optimal vibration pattern for LCD mask images,subsequently validated by *** assessed the surface texture,boundary integrity,and dimensional accuracy of componentsproduced using the vibration-assisted *** notably smoother surfaces and improved boundary roughness enhance the printing quality of MIP-VPP,enabling its promisingapplications in sectors like the production of 3D-printed optical devices and others.

关键词： additive manufacturing vat photopolymerization piezo vibration sub-pixel resolution aliasing

Pre-operative visceral adipose tissue radiodensity is a potentially novel prognostic biomarker for early endoscopic post-operative recurrence in Crohn’s disease

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第3期16卷 740-750页

作者： Phillip Gu Shishir Dube Norman Gellada So Yung Choi Susan Win Yoo Jin Lee Shaohong Yang Talin Haritunians Gil Y Melmed Eric A Vasiliauskas Niru Bonthala Gaurav Syal Andres J Yarur David Ziring Shervin Rabizadeh Phillip Fleshner Cindy Kallman Suzanne Devkota Stephan R Targan Dalin Li Dermot PB McGovern Department of Medicine Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Imaging Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Biostatistics Shared Resource Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Internal Medicine Keimyung University School of MedicineDaegu 42601South Korea Department of Medicine University of California at Los AngelesLos AngelesCA 90095United States Department of Medicine University of California at San DiegoSan DiegoCA 92093United States Department of Pediatrics Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States Department of Surgery Cedars-Sinai Medical CenterLos AngelesCA 90048United States

BACKGROUND Evidence suggests inflammatory mesenteric fat is involved in post-operative recurrence(POR)of Crohn’s disease(CD).However,its prognostic value is INTRODUCTION Crohn’s disease(CD)is a debilitating chronic immune-mediated inflammatory disease(IMID)of the gastrointestinal tract that is increasing in incidence and prevalence globally[1].CD patients often undergo surgery for disease-related complic-ations and/or medically refractory ***,surgery is not curative,and many patients develop post-operative recurrence(POR)of CD with a significant proportion eventually requiring additional *** advances in early detection and therapeutics,the contemporary 10-year risk of surgery has improved from 50%to 26%,but the risk of recurrent surgery has remained unchanged at 30%,suggesting a need to improve post-operative management strategies[2].Presently,there are two accepted strategies to mitigate POR,but each have potential ***,patients start early post-operative pharmacologic prophylaxis within 4-6 wk after *** strategy can potentially overtreat a subset of patient who may not develop long-term disease recurrence off ***,these patients are at risk of medication-related adverse events and the direct and indirect costs associated with therapy with little or no benefit[3].The second strategy is performing early colonoscopy within 6-12 months after surgery and escalating therapy based on FOOTNOTES Author contributions:Gu P is the guarantor of the article and was involved in concept and design,data collection,statistical analysis,drafting of manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Dube S and Choi SY were involved in statistical analysis,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Gellada N,Win S,Lee YJ and Yang S were involved in the data collection,drafting of the manuscript,and final approval of manuscript;Haritunians T and Li D were involved in data analysis and interpretation,drafting

关键词： Crohn’s disease Surgery Visceral adipose tissue Mesenteric adipose tissue Creeping fat Computed tomography

Natural Products and Antiviral Resistance

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第7期14卷 366-388页

作者： Erute Magdalene Adongbede Janak Raj Khatiwada Rishipal Rastrapal Bansode Leonard Lamont Williams Department of Botany University of Lagos Lagos Nigeria center for Excellence in Post-Harvest Technologies North Carolina A & T State University Kannapolis North Carolina USA

Viral diseases are minacious with the potential for causing pandemics and treatment is complicated because of their inherent ability to mutate and become resistant to drugs. Antiviral drug resistance is a persistent problem that needs continuous attention by scientists, medical professionals, and government agencies. To solve the problem, an in-depth understanding of the intricate interplay between causes of antiviral drug resistance and potential new drugs specifically natural products is imperative in the interest and safety of public health. This review delves into natural product as reservoir for antiviral agents with the peculiar potentials for addressing the complexities associated with multi-drug resistant and emerging viral strains. An evaluation of the mechanisms underlying antiviral drug activity, antiviral drug resistance is addressed, with emphasis on production of broad-spectrum antiviral agents from natural sources. There is a need for continued natural product-based research, identification of new species and novel compounds.

关键词： Drug Resistance Resistance Mechanisms Phytochemicals Broad-Spectrum Drugs Antiviral Agents

Soluble alpha-synuclein post-translational modifications:unexpected regulators of pathological alpha-synuclein amplification

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第5期19卷 959-960页

作者： Simran Kapila Yuhan Sun Chao Peng Shujing Zhang Department of Neurology David Geffen School of MedicineUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA Molecular Biology Institute Brain Research InstituteMary S.Easton Center for Alzheimer’s ResearchUniversity of CaliforniaLos AngelesCAUSA

The build-up of misfoldedα-synuclein(α-syn)in the central nervous system is the pathological hallmark of a number of neurodegenerative diseases that are known asα-*** include Parkinson’s disease(PD),Parkinson’s disease with dementia(PDD),dementia with Lewy body(LB),multiple system atrophy(MSA),and a subset of Alzheimer’s *** evidence underscores that the intercellular transmission and amplification of pathologicalα-syn are critical processes underlying the progression ofα-synucleinopathies(Peng et al.,2020),and as such,the study of these processes could lead to the identification of promising therapeutics to mitigate disease *** previous studies have focused solely on pathological seeds in relation to disease progression.

关键词： pathological diseases

Deep Transfer Learning Models for Mobile-Based Ocular Disorder Identification on Retinal Images

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第7期80卷 139-161页

作者： Roseline Oluwaseun Ogundokun Joseph Bamidele Awotunde Hakeem Babalola Akande Cheng-Chi Lee Agbotiname Lucky Imoize Department of Multimedia Engineering Kaunas University of TechnologyKaunas44249Lithuania Department of Computer Science Landmark UniversityOmu Aran251103Nigeria Department of Computer Science Faculty of Information and Communication SciencesUniversity of IlorinIlorin240003Nigeria Department of Telecommunication Science University of IlorinIlorin230003Nigeria Department of Library and Information Science Fu Jen Catholic UniversityNew Taipei City24205TaiwanChina Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering Fintech and Blockchain Research CenterAsia UniversityTaichung City41354TaiwanChina Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Faculty of EngineeringUniversity of LagosAkokaLagos100213Nigeria Department of Electrical Engineering and Information Technology Institute of Digital CommunicationRuhr UniversityBochum44801Germany

Mobile technology is developing *** phone technologies have been integrated into the healthcare industry to help medical ***,computer vision models focus on image detection and classification ***2 is a computer vision model that performs well on mobile devices,but it requires cloud services to process biometric image information and provide predictions to *** leads to increased *** biometrics image datasets on mobile devices will make the prediction faster,but mobiles are resource-restricted devices in terms of storage,power,and computational ***,a model that is small in size,efficient,and has good prediction quality for biometrics image classification problems is *** pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture combined with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)compacts the model representation and reduces the computational cost and memory *** proposed novel approach combines quantized pre-trained CNN(PCNN)MobileNetV2 architecture with a Support Vector Machine(SVM)to represent models efficiently with low computational cost and *** contributions include evaluating three CNN models for ocular disease identification in transfer learning and deep feature plus SVM approaches,showing the superiority of deep features from MobileNetV2 and SVM classification models,comparing traditional methods,exploring six ocular diseases and normal classification with 20,111 images postdata augmentation,and reducing the number of trainable *** model is trained on ocular disorder retinal fundus image datasets according to the severity of six age-related macular degeneration(AMD),one of the most common eye illnesses,Cataract,Diabetes,Glaucoma,Hypertension,andMyopia with one class *** the experiment outcomes,it is observed that the suggested MobileNetV2-SVM model size is *** testing accuracy for MobileNetV2-SVM,InceptionV3,and MobileNetV2 is 90.11%,86.88%,a

关键词： Retinal images ocular disorder deep transfer learning disease identification mobile device

PACK-CXL *** therapy for bacterial,fungal,and mixed infectious keratitis:a prospective randomized phase 3 trial

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Eye and Vision 2024年第1期10卷 10-20页

作者： Farhad Hafezi Mohammed Hosny Rohit Shetty Boris Knyazer Shihao Chen Qinmei Wang Hassan Hashemi Emilio A.Torres‑Netto 无 center for Applied Biotechnology and Molecular Medicine(CABMM) University of ZurichZurichSwitzerland ELZA Institute DietikonSwitzerland. Faculty of Medicine University of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland Department of Ophthalmology Medical University of WenzhouWenzhouChina USC Roski Eye Institute University of Southern California Los AngelesLos AngelesUSA Department of Ophthalmology University of CairoCairoEgypt Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital and the Postgraduate Institute of Ophthal‑mology BangaloreIndia Department of Ophthalmology Soroka University Medical CenterBen-Gurion University of the NegevBeershebaIsrael Noor Ophthalmology Research center Noor Eye HospitalTehranIran university Hospital Zurich ZurichSwitzerland. the PACK-CXL Working Group

Background:Infectious keratitis is a major cause of global *** tested whether standalone photoactivated chromophore corneal cross-linking(PACK-CXL)may be an efective frst-line treatment in early to moderate infectious keratitis,compared with standard antimicrobial ***:This is a randomized,controlled,multinational phase 3 clinical *** in fve centers in Egypt,India,Iran,Israel,and China,aged≥18 years,with infectious keratitis of presumed bacterial,fungal,or mixed origin,were randomly assigned(1:1)to PACK-CXL,or antimicrobial *** measures included healing,defned as time to re-epithelialization of the corneal epithelial defect in the absence of infammatory activity in the anterior chamber and clearance of stromal *** success was defned as the complete resolution of signs of ***:Between July 21,2016,and March 4,2020,participants were randomly assigned to receive PACK-CXL(n=18)or antimicrobial therapy per American Academy of Ophthalmology(AAO)guidelines(n=21).No participants were lost to *** eyes were excluded from the epithelialization time analysis due to treatment failure:two in the antimicrobial therapy group,and two in the PACK-CXL *** rates were 88.9%(16/18 patients)in the PACK-CXL group and 90.5%(19/21 patients)in the medication *** was no signifcant diference in time to complete corneal re-epithelialization(P=0.828)between both treatment ***:PACK-CXL may be an alternative to antimicrobial drugs for frst-line and standalone treatment of early to moderate infectious keratitis of bacterial or fungal origin.

关键词： Photoactivated chromophore Corneal cross-linking Infectious keratitis Corneal melting PACK-CXL