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Blood glucose response after oral intake of lactulose in healthy volunteers:A randomized,controlled,cross-over study

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pharmacology and Therapeutics 2018年第3期9卷 22-30页

作者： Jasmin Steudle Christiane Schon Manfred Wargenau Lioba Pauly Susann Schwejda-Güttes Barbara Gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch John F Stover BioTeSys gmbh Esslingen 73728Germany M.A.R.C.O.gmbh and Co.KG Institute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Fresenius Kabi deutschland gmbh Oberursel 61440Germany Fresenius Kabi Austria gmbh Linz 4020Austria

AIM To investigate possible changes of blood glucose levels after oral intake of lactulose in healthy *** The study was performed as prospective, randomized, two-part study with 4-way cross-over design with n = 12 in each study arm. Capillary blood glucose levels were determined over a time period of 180 min after intake of a single dose of 10 g or 20 g lactulose provided as crystal or liquid formulation. During the manufacturing process of lactulose, impurities with sugars(e.g., lactose, fructose, galactose) occur. Water and 20 g glucose were used as control and reference. Because lactulose is used as a functional food ingredient, it may also be consumed by people with impaired glucose tolerance, including diabetics. Therefore, it is of interest to determine whether the described carbohydrate impurities may increase blood glucose levels after ingestion. RESULTS The blood glucose concentration-time curves after intake of 10 g lactulose, 20 g lactulose, and water were almost identical. None of the three applications showed any changes in blood glucose levels. After intake of 20 g glucose, blood glucose concentration increased by approximately 3 mmol/L(mean Cmax = 8.3 mmol/L), reaching maximum levels after approximately 30 min and returning to baseline within approximately 90 min, which was significantly different to the corresponding 20 g lactulose formulations(P < 0.0001). Comparing the two lactulose formulations, crystals and liquid, in the dosage of 10 g and 20 g, there was no difference in the blood glucose profile and calculated pharmacokinetic parameters despite the different amounts of carbohydrate impurities(1.5% for crystals and 26.45% for liquid). Anyhow, the absolute amount of single sugars was low with 0.3 g in crystals and 5.29 g in liquid formulation in the 20 g dosages. Lactulose was well tolerated by most volunteers, and only some reported mild to moderate mainly gastrointestinal side effects. CONCLUSION The unchanged blood glucose levels

关键词： Lactulose Functional food ingredient Sugar substitute Blood glucose concentration

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CLEANER PRODUCTION METHODS IN ELECTROPLATING A STRATEGIC APPROACH FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

CLEANER PRODUCTION METHODS IN ELECTROPLATING A STRATEGIC APP...

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2004北京推动电镀与精饰清洁生产技术论坛

作者： Dr.Martin Kurpjoweit Vice President-General Metal Finishing Atotech deutschland gmbh ErasmusstraBe 20 10553 Berlin GERMANY

For decades, electroplating technologies had the reputation of being highly polluting and waste ***, this has changed significantly during the last ten to fifteen years. Avoiding the use and forma-tion of hazardous substances, recycling of process chemicals, and the reduction of all kinds of waste materi-als has become one of the key development ***, several European regulations with a global application horizon like End-of-Live-Vehicle (ELV)and Waste-of-Electronic-and-Electrical-Equipment (WEEE) have increased the motivation for companiessupplying this industry to develop systems responding to these demands.

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Future aircraft cabins and design thinking:optimisation ***-win scenarios

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Propulsion and Power Research 2013年第2期2卷 85-95页

作者： A.Hall T.Mayer I.Wuggetzer P.R.N.Childs royal college of art south kensington londonsw72euunited kingdom imperial college london south kensington londonsw72azunited kingdom airbus operations gmbh kreetslag 1021129 hamburgdeutschland

With projections indicating an increase in mobility over the next few decades andannual flight departures expected to rise to over 16 billion by 2050,there is a demand for theaviation industry and associated stakeholders to consider new forms of aircraft and *** requirements are recognized as a key driver in *** airline is the principalcustomer for the aircraft *** passenger is,in turn,the airline's principal customerbut they are just one of several stakeholders that include aviation authorities,airport operators,air-traffic control and security *** passenger experience is a key differentiator usedby airlines to attract and retain custom and the fuselage that defines the cabin envelope for thein-flight passenger experience and cabin design therefore receives significant attention for newaircraft,service updates and *** making in design is crucial to arrivingat viable and worthwhile cabin *** litle innovation will result in an aircraftmanufacturer and airlines using its products falling behind its *** much mayresult in an over-extension with,for example,use of immature technologies that do not havethe necessary reliability for a safety critical industry or sufficient value to justify the develop-ment *** multiple requirements associated with cabin design,can be viewed as an area for optimisation,accepting trade-offs between the various *** design,however,is often defined as developing a concept that resolves the contradictions and takes the solutiontowards a win-win *** our understanding and practice of design allows forbehaviors that enhance design thinking through divergence and convergence,the use ofabductive reasoning,experimentation and systems *** paper explores and definesthe challenges of designing the aireraft cabin of the future that will deliver on the multiplerequirements using experiences from the A350 XWB and future cabin design

关键词： Aircraft Cabin Design Optimisation Parameter Decision

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通用现场总线系统以太网

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现代制造 2005年第14期 68-68,70-71页

作者： Andreas Huhmann HARTING deutschland gmbh & Co.KG

在工业应用领域,目标以太网的组网和铺设并且通过和办公网络的协同作用, 带来巨大的创新效益,使用户从中受益。通过使用和整合现场总线规范实现了网络对接。这样以太网就构成了一个高性能的现场总线系统。

关键词：现场总线系统以太网通用应用领域协同作用办公网络组网

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Creative and Innovative Applications of Polyurethane at BASF

Creative and Innovative Applications of Polyurethane at BASF

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2007年全国高分子学术论文报告会

作者： Helmut Tesch Sunghee Shin Elastogran gmbh KF-A10 Landwehrweg49448 LemfoerdeDeutschland BASF Polyurethane Specialties （China） Ltd.

＜正＞As one of the most versatile polymer materials,polyurethane has been widely used in different industries such as appliance,construction,automotive and *** the increasing awareness of sustainable development and ... 详细信息

关键词： BASF polyurethane innovation

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腐蚀保护层中六价铬含量分析

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电镀与涂饰 2009年第10期28卷 26-28页

作者：林子丰 Roland Vogel Claudia Andrle 安美特化学有限公司香港九龙 Atotech deutschland gmbh Berlin Germany

六价铬是一种致癌物质,它在汽车和电子工业中的应用受到欧盟的严格限制。目前,在腐蚀保护层中测定Cr(VI)的分析方法已经颁布实施。本文介绍了可用于上述两个行业的Cr(VI)检测标准──EN 15205和IEC 62321,并讨论了两者的差别。

关键词：钝化膜六价铬检测标准

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尼龙(PA)电镀前处理

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电镀与涂饰 2009年第9期28卷 14-15页

作者： Maja-Mariola Brandes Carl Christian Fels 高俊健 Atotech deutschland gmbh Berlin Germany 安美特(中国)化学有限公司香港九龙

介绍了适用于尼龙(PA)基材的新型前处理工艺。经过膨胀、调校、钯活化、还原、化学镍(δ=0.3μm)、预镀镍或铜(δ=2～5μm)、酸铜(δ=20μm)、光亮镍(δ=12μm)、装饰铬(δ=0.3μm)等工艺后,可在尼龙表面获得结合力良好的装饰性镀层。... 详细信息

介绍了适用于尼龙(PA)基材的新型前处理工艺。经过膨胀、调校、钯活化、还原、化学镍(δ=0.3μm)、预镀镍或铜(δ=2～5μm)、酸铜(δ=20μm)、光亮镍(δ=12μm)、装饰铬(δ=0.3μm)等工艺后,可在尼龙表面获得结合力良好的装饰性镀层。该工艺为开发尼龙塑料在电镀业的应用迈出了重要的一步。

关键词：尼龙电镀前处理装饰性镀层

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The advances of Sino-German new materials

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2018年第3期12卷 327-328页

作者： Rongbiao Wang Kurita Europe gmbh Giulinistr. 2 67065 Ludwigshafen Germany

Sino-German chemical industries and research organizations have been achieving impressive progresses in the field of new materials in the recent years. These progresses are not only owing to the innovation ability, bu... 详细信息

关键词： valign= top class= J_zhaiyao

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儿童和青少年注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)初始药物治疗其治疗依从性研究(COMPLY)

儿童和青少年注意缺陷多动障碍(ADHD)初始药物治疗其治疗依从性研...

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中华医学会第十次全国精神医学学术会议

作者： P.M.Wehmeier D.Quai1 R.W.Dittmann T.Banaschewski 吴胜虎 lilly deutschland gmbh Medical Department-NeuroscienceBad HomburgGermany Eli lilly and Co Ltd European Medical Information SciencesWindleshamUnited Kingdo Central Institute of Mental Health Department for Child and Adolescent PsychiatryMannheimGermany Medical Department Lilly Suzhou Pharmaceutical Co.Ltd.Shanghai Branch

目的通过非干预性研究(COMPLY)探究ADHD初始药物治疗的门诊儿童和青少年患者在12个月中的药物治疗依从性。方法本研究为多中心、前瞻性、非干预性设计,

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Blood glucose response after oral lactulose intake in type 2 diabetic individuals

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World Journal of Diabetes 2021年第6期12卷 893-907页

作者： Thomas R Pieber Eva Svehlikova Ines Mursic Tamara Esterl Manfred Wargenau Tina Sartorius Lioba Pauly Susann Schwejda-Guettes Annalena Neumann Valentin Faerber John Friedrich Stover Barbara Gaigg Angelika Kuchinka-Koch Division of Endocrinology and Diabetology Department of Internal MedicineMedical University of GrazGraz 8036Austria Department of Statistic M.A.R.C.O.GmbH&Co.KGInstitute for Clinical Research and StatisticsDüsseldorf 40211Germany Department of Nutritional CRO BioTeSys GmbHEsslingen 73728Germany Department of Medical&Clinical Affairs Market Access&Education Business Unit Enteral NutritionBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Medical Clinical&Regulatory AffairsBusiness Unit Parenteral NutritionKeto-Analogues and Standard I.V.FluidsFresenius Kabi Deutschland GmbHBad Homburg 61352Germany Department of Consultancy Stover-SolutionsZurich 8006Switzerland Market Unit Lactulose Fresenius Kabi Austria GmbHLinz 4020Austria

BACKGROUND Lactulose is approved for the symptomatic treatment of constipation,a gastrointestinal(GI)complication common in individuals with *** products contain carbohydrate impurities(e.g.,lactose,fructose,galactose),which occur during the lactulose manufacturing *** impurities may affect the blood glucose levels of individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)using lactulose for the treatment of mild constipation.A previous study in healthy subjects revealed no increase in blood glucose levels after oral lactulose ***,it is still unclear whether the intake of lactulose increases blood glucose levels in individuals with *** To evaluate the blood glucose profile after oral lactulose intake in mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with T2DM in an outpatient *** This prospective,double-blind,randomized,controlled,single-center trial was conducted at the Clinical Research Center at the Medical University of Graz,Austria,in 24 adult Caucasian mildly constipated,non-insulin-dependent subjects with *** subjects were randomized and assigned to one of six treatment sequences,each consisting of four treatments stratified by sex using an incomplete block *** received a single dose of 20 g or 30 g lactulose(crystal and liquid formulation),water as negative control or 30 g glucose as positive *** blood glucose concentrations were measured over a period of 180 min post *** primary endpoint was the baseline-corrected area under the curve of blood glucose concentrations over the complete assessment period[AUC_(baseline_c(0-180 min))].Quantitative comparisons were performed for both lactulose doses and formulations vs water for the equal lactulose dose vs glucose,as well as for liquid lactulose vs crystal *** parameters included GI tolerability,which was assessed at 180 min and 24 h post dose,and adverse events occurring up to 24 h post *** 24 randomized

关键词： Lactulose Constipation Blood glucose Type 2 diabetes mellitus Laxative Sugar substitute

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