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Simultaneous identification and quantification of tetrodotoxin in fresh pufferfish and pufferfish-based products using immunoaffinity columns and liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第4期35卷 883-893页

作者：郭萌萌吴海燕江涛谭志军赵春霞郑关超李兆新翟毓秀 Key laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product safety and quality Ministry of AgricultureYellow Sea Fisheries Research InstituteChinese Academy of Fishery Sciences National Center for quality Supervision and Test of Aquatic products Key laboratory of Food safety risk assessment Ministry of HealthChina National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment

In this study, we established a comprehensive method for simultaneous identification and quantification of tetrodotoxin （TTX） in fresh pufferfish tissues and pufferfish-based products using liquid chromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry （LC-QqLIT-MS）. TTX was extracted by 1% acetic acid-methanol, and most of the lipids were then removed by freezing lipid precipitation, followed by purification and concentration using immunoaffinity columns （IACs）. Matrix effects were substantially reduced due to the high specificity of the IACs, and thus, background interference was avoided. Quantitation analysis was therefore performed using an external calibration curve with standards prepared in mobile phase. The method was evaluated by fortifying samples at 1, 10, and 100 ng/g, respectively, and the recoveries ranged from 75.8%--107%, with a relative standard deviation of less than 15%. The TTX calibration curves were linear over the range of 1-1 000 ~tg/L, with a detection limit of 0.3 ng/g and a quantification limit of 1 ng/g. Using this method, samples can be further analyzed using an information- dependent acquisition （IDA） experiment, in the positive mode, from a single liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry injection, which can provide an extra level of confirmation by matching the full product ion spectra acquired for a standard sample with those from an enhanced product ion （EPI） library. The scheduled multiple reaction monitoring method enabled TTX to be screened for, and TTX was positively identified using the IDA and EPI spectra. This method was successfully applied to analyze a total of 206 samples of fresh pufferfish tissues and pufferfish-based products. The results from this study show that the proposed method can be used to quantify and identify TTX in a single run with excellent sensitivity and reproducibility, and is suitable for the analysis of complex matrix pufferfish samples.

关键词： tetrodotoxin fresh pufferfish pufferfish-based product immunoaffinity column liquidchromatography/quadrupole-linear ion trap mass spectrometry

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Research progress on distribution,sources,identification,toxicity,and biodegradation of microplastics in the ocean,freshwater,and soil environment

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Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2022年第1期16卷 5-18页

作者： Qinghui Sun Juan Li Chen Wang Anqi Chen Yanli You Shupeng Yang Huihui Liu Guibin Jiang Yongning Wu Yanshen Li College of Life Science Yantai UniversityYantai 264005China Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering University of Western OntarioLondon ON N6A5B9Canada Institute of Apicultural Research Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesKey Laboratory of Bee Products for Quality and Safety ControlLaboratory of Risk Assessment for Quality and Safety of Bee ProductsBee Product Quality Supervision and Testing CenterMinistry of AgricultureBeijing 100093China Shandong Marine Resource and Environment Research Institute Laboratory of Restoration for Marine EcologyYantai 264006China State Key laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Research Center for Eco-Environmental SciencesChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China NHC Key laboratory of Food safety risk assessment Chinese Academy of Medical Science Research Unit(2019RU014)China National Center for Food Safety Risk AssessmentBeijing 100017China

Microplastics(MPs)are distributed in the oceans,freshwater,and soil environment and have become major *** are generally referred to as plastic particles less than 5 mm in *** consist of primary microplastics synthesized in microscopic size manufactured production and secondary microplastics generated by physical and environmental *** particles are long-lived pollutants that are highly resistant to environmental *** this review,the distribution and possible sources of MPs in aquatic and terrestrial environments are ***,the adverse effects of MPs on natural creatures due to ingestion have been *** also have summarized identification methods based on MPs particle size and chemical *** control the pollution of MPs,the biodegradation of MPs under the action of different microbes has also been reviewed in this *** review will contribute to a better understanding of MPs pollution in the environment,as well as their identification,toxicity,and biodegradation in the ocean,freshwater,and soil,and the assessment and control of microplastics exposure.

关键词： Microplastics Distribution Toxicity Identification Biodegradation Environment

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Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Activity of Buckwheat (Fagopyrum esculentum Mench and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth) Hulls, Brans and Flours

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2013年第9期12卷 1684-1693页

作者： LI Fu-hua YUAN Ya YANG Xiao-lan TAO Shu-ying MING Jian College of Food Science Southwest University Key laboratory of Food Processing & Technology of Chongqing laboratory of quality & safety risk assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Presevation Mimnistry of Agriculture

The extracts from hulls, brans and flours of Fagopyrum esculentum M6ench （FEM, three varieties） and Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth （FTG, seven varieties） were screened for free and bound phenolic content or total phenolic content （TPC）, as well as 1,1 diphenyl-2-picryl hydrazyl （DPPH） free radical scavenging activity and reducing power. Free phenolics were predominant in buckwheat hulls, brans and flours. FEM hulls extract exhibited the highest reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity with the average ECs0 84.54 μg mL^-1 and IC50 11.54 μg mL^-1 respectively, FTG brans extract had the highest average TPC （24.87 mg GAE g^-1 DW）, and FEM flours extract showed the lowest TPC, reducing power and radical scavenging activity. Furthermore, the correlations among TPC, DPPH free radical scavenging activity and reducing power of all the samples were investigated. The rank correlation coefficient （rs） between reducing power and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat hulls, between TPC and DPPH free radical scavenging activity of buckwheat flours were 0.76 and 0.79, respectively （P〈0.05）. However, there is no significant correlation between the remaining indexes of hulls and flours, as well as the ten buckwheat brans. This result indicated that some non-phenolic compounds also contributed to the total antioxidant activity in hulls, brans and flours of buckwheats. This study demonstrated that buckwheat hulls and brans, rather than flours, are good source of antioxidants.

关键词： Fagopyrum esculentum MSench Fagopyrum tartaricum L. Gaerth phenolic content antioxidative activity,buckwheat correlation analysis

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Mathematical Modeling and Effect of Various Hot-Air Drying on Mushroom(Lentinus edodes)

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2014年第1期13卷 207-216页

作者： GUO Xiao-hui XIA Chun-yan TAN Yu-rong CHEN Long MING Jian College of Food Science Southwest University Key laboratory of Food Processing & Technology of Chongqing laboratory of quality & safety risk assessment for Agro-products on Storage and Presevation (Chongqing) Ministry of Agriculture

An experimental study was performed to determine the characteristics and drying process of mushroom （Lentinus edodes） by 6 different hot-air drying methods namely isothermal drying, uniform raise drying, non-uniform raise drying, uniform intermittent drying, non-uniform intermittent drying and combined drying. The chemical composition （dry matter, ash, crude protein, crude fat, total sugars, dietary fiber, and energy）, color parameters （L, a＊, b＊, c＊, and h~） and rehydration capacities were determined. Among all the experiments, non-uniform intermittent drying reached a better comprehensive results due to the higher chemical composition, better color quality associated with high bright （26.381＋5.842）, high color tone （73.670＋2.975）, low chroma （13.349a：3.456） as well as the highest rehydration （453.76% weigh of dried body）. Nine kinds of classical mathematical model were used to obtained moisture data and the Midili-kucuk model can be described by the drying process with the coefficient （R2 ranged from 0.99790 to 0.99967）, chi-square （X2 ranged from 0.00003 to 0.00019） and root mean square error （RMSE ranged from 0.000486 to 0.0012367）.

关键词： Lentinus edodes hot-air drying mathematical model

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Time effects of rice straw and engineered bacteria on reduction of exogenous Cu mobility in three typical Chinese soils

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Pedosphere 2022年第5期32卷 665-672页

作者： Hanzhi SHI Dian WEN Yongdong HUANG Shoujun XU Tenghaobo DENG Furong LI Zhichao WU Xu WANG Peihua ZHAO Fuhua WANG Ruiying DU Institute of quality Standard and Monitoring Technology for Agro-products Guangdong Academy of Agricultural SciencesGuangzhou 510640(China) Key laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-Product safety and quality Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsGuangzhou 510640(China) Guangdong Provincial Key laboratory of quality&safety risk assessment for Agro-products Guangzhou 510640(China)

Globally,copper(Cu)accumulation in soils is a major environmental *** organic waste and some bacterial species can readily absorb metals in an eco-friendly manner,and thus are commonly used in metal-contaminated soil *** study investigates the change in Cu fractions during the aging process and the time effects of rice straw(RS)and engineered bacteria(EB)(Pseudomonas putida X4/pIME)on reduction of Cu *** typical Chinese soils(red,cinnamon,and black soils)were incubated with RS or RS+EB in the presence of exogenous Cu for 24 *** soil physicochemical properties,reactive soil components,Cu fractions,and Cu mobility were determined over *** Cu mobility factor(MF)values were the lowest in the black soil(6.4-9.2)because of its high organic carbon and clay *** additions of both RS and RS+EB accelerated Cu stabilization during the aging process in all three *** Cu MF values decreased with time during the initial 20 months;however,the MF values increased thereafter in all soils,which might be due to the reduction of humic substances and amorphous iron oxides and the increase in iron oxides complexed on the organic *** reduction rates of Cu MF were similar after 16,24,and more than 24 months in the red,cinnamon,and black soils,respectively,indicating that RS and RS+EB could limit Cu mobility at different times in various *** RS treatment showed the greatest efficiency in reducing Cu mobility in the red,cinnamon,and black soils after 12,12,and 8 months of incubation,*** RS+EB treatment was more efficient than the RS treatment in the red soil during the initial 8 months of the incubation *** study provides theoretical support for Cu risk assessments and RS supplementation for Cu remediation in different soils.

关键词： aging Cu distribution mobility factor sequential extraction soil incubation

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Comparative transcriptomics reveals genes involved in metabolic and immune pathways in the digestive gland of scallop Chlamysfarreri following cadmium exposure

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Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology 2017年第3期35卷 603-612页

作者：张辉翟毓秀姚琳江艳华李风铃 Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute Chinese Academy of Fishery SciencesQingdao 266071China Key laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Aquatic Product safety and quality Ministry of AgricultureChina laboratory of quality and safety risk assessment for Aquatic products(Qingdao) Ministry of AgricultureChina

Chlamys farreri is an economically important mollusk that can accumulate excessive amounts of cadmium(Cd). Studying the molecular mechanism of Cd accumulation in bivalves is difficult because of the lack of genome background. Transcriptomic analysis based on high-throughput RNA sequencing has been shown to be an efficient and powerful method for the discovery of relevant genes in non-model and genome reference-free organisms. Here, we constructed two c DNA libraries(control and Cd exposure groups) from the digestive gland of C. farreri and compared the transcriptomic data between them. A total of 227 673 transcripts were assembled into 105 071 unigenes, most of which shared high similarity with sequences in the NCBI non-redundant protein database. For functional classification, 24 493 unigenes were assigned to Gene Ontology terms. Additionally, Eu Karyotic Ortholog Groups and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes analyses assigned 12 028 unigenes to 26 categories and 7 849 unigenes to five pathways, respectively. Comparative transcriptomics analysis identified 3 800 unigenes that were differentially expressed in the Cd-treated group compared with the control group. Among them, genes associated with heavy metal accumulation were screened, including metallothionein, divalent metal transporter, and metal tolerance protein. The functional genes and predicted pathways identified in our study will contribute to a better understanding of the metabolic and immune system in the digestive gland of C. farreri. In addition, the transcriptomic data will provide a comprehensive resource that may contribute to the understanding of molecular mechanisms that respond to marine pollutants in bivalves.

关键词： bivalves cadmium Chlamys farreri comparative transcriptomics differentially expressed genes heavy metals

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Derivation of soil Pb/Cd/As thresholds for safety of vegetable planting: A case study for pakchoi in Guangdong Province,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2019年第1期18卷 179-189页

作者： LI Fu-rong WEN Dian WANG Fu-hua SUN Fang-fang WANG Xu DU Ying-qiong LIU Xiang-xiang WAN Kai Public Monitoring Center for Agro-product of Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key laboratory of Testing and Evaluation for Agro-product safety and quality Ministry of Agriculture/Laboratory of Quality & Safety Risk Assessment for Agro-product (Guangzhou)Ministry of Agriculture

Regional guidelines for soil heavy metals,in conjunction with specific crops,are proposed to better assess soil environmental *** this study,large amounts of soils with different levels of Pb/Cd/As pollution were collected in Guangdong Province,China,to carry out a pot experiment,which was closer to the actual situation and properties of the heavy metal contaminated *** the widely planted vegetable pakchoi as the research object,we analyzed the correlations between the Pb/Cd/As concentrations in pakchoi and the total or available soil Pb/Cd/As concentrations and established their optimal regression *** then,the total and available soil Pb/Cd/As thresholds for pakchoi were calculated according to the allowable Pb/Cd/As limits in pakchoi and were compared with the current soil assessment ***,a lot of paired vegetable-soil samples in field were collected and their pollution situations were assessed by both the current limit thresholds and the calculated ***,it was more consistent to assess the Cd and As pollution situation of the vegetable and soil samples with the calculated soil thresholds than the current soil assessment *** further proved that it was necessary to explore the soil heavy metal thresholds for safety of vegetable in specific regions,which would be more scientific and practical to guide safety production of local agricultural products and effective utilization of soil resources.

关键词： heavy metal pollution available content soil threshold correlation analysis vegetable

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Apple microbial communities and differences between two main Chinese producing regions

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Food quality and safety 2022年第1期6卷 34-44页

作者： Youming Shen Jianyi Zhang Jiyun Nie Hui Zhang Syed Asim Shah Bacha College of Horticulture Qingdao Agricultural University/Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit(Qingdao)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/National Technology Centre for Whole Process Quality Control of FSEN Horticultural Products(Qingdao)/Qingdao Key Lab of Modern Agriculture Quality and Safety EngineeringQingdaoChina Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Laboratory of Quality&Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit(Xingcheng)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs/Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks(Xingcheng)Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsXingchengChina

Microbes on fresh apples are closely associated with fruit disease,preservation,and quality *** into the microbial commu-nities on apples from different producing regions could reveal the microbial specificity and help disease prevention and quality *** this paper,the apple surface microbes of 44 samples from two main Chinese apple-producing regions,Bohai Bay(BHB)and the Loess Plateau(LP),were investigated by sequencing fungal internal transcribed spacer and bacterial 16s rRNA hypervariable *** and LP apples con-tained significantly different bacterial and fungal *** apples had a higher fungal diversity than LP apples.A total of 102 different fungal and bacterial taxonomies were obtained between apples from the two regions,in which 24 genera were *** apples had higher phytopathogenic fungal genera,such as Tilletiopsis,Acremonium,Candida,and Phoma,indicating the higher phytopathogenic risks of apples from the humid climate of the BHB *** apples contained more bacterial genera identified as gut microbes,indicating the potential risks of contaminating apples with foodborne pathogens in the arid environment of the LP This study highlighted the environment-oriented mi-crobial specificity on apples from two main apple-producing regions,and provided a basis for further investigation.

关键词： Apple regional climate microbiome metagenomics next generation sequencing

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Multi-mycotoxin exposure and risk assessments for Chinese consumption of nuts and dried fruits

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2018年第7期17卷 1676-1690页

作者： WANG Yu-jiao NIE Ji-yun YAN Zhen LI Zhi-xia CHENG Yang Saqib Farooq Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences laboratory of quality and safety risk assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng) Ministry of Agriculture quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng) Ministry of Agriculture

In this study, 15 mycotoxins were detected in 233 nut and dried fruit samples from China. The 15 mycotoxins included aflatoxins （AFs： AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2）, trichothecene toxins （TCs： T-2, ZEA, ENA, ENA1, ENB, ENB1 and BEA）, Alternaria toxins （ATs： TEN, AOH and AME） and ochratoxin A （OTA）. The mycotoxins were detected in 47.6% of the samples and all 15 of the mycotoxins were found. Two samples were positive for AFB1 and exceeded the maximum tolerable levels allowed in China. The contamination levels of the mycotoxins found in nuts, dried jujubes, raisins, dried figs and dried Iongans were in the ranges of 0.1-462.7, 0.2-247.3, 0.8-10.1,0.2-384.1 and 0.1-89.2 μg kg^-1, respectively. Dried figs （80.0%） had the highest incidence of mycotoxins, followed by dried Iongans （60.0%）, dried jujubes （57.1%）, nuts （43.6%） and raisins （26.7%）. The estimated daily intake （EDI） values of each individual mycotoxin and all of the mycotoxins collectively were calculated by both the deterministic approach （DA） and the probability approach （PA）. For risk characterization, dietary exposure to TCs, ATs and OTA through consumption of nuts and dried fruits according to both approaches, showed no health risk to Chinese adults by exposure to either individual mycotoxins or in combination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in which risk assessment of multimycotoxins is performed, specifically including the emerging ENNs and BEA, in nuts and dried fruits of China.

关键词： mycotoxins risk assessment deterministic analysis probabilistic analysis nuts dried fruits

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Pesticide residues in bayberry(Myrica rubra)and probabilistic risk assessment for consumers in Zhejiang,China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2017年第9期16卷 2101-2109页

作者： YANG Gui-ling WANG Wen LIANG Sen-miao YU Yi-jun ZHAO Hui-yu WANG Qiang QIAN Yong-zhong Key laboratory of Agro-Product quality and safety Ministry of Agriculture~Institute of Quality Standards and Testing Technology for Agro-ProductsChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China laboratory of quality&safety risk assessment for Agro-products(Hangzhou)/Key laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Quality and Standards for Agricultural ProductsZhejiang Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhou 310021P.R.China Zhejiang Bureau for Agriculture Hangzhou 310021P.R.China

As pesticide residues in bayberry has raised serious concern from the public in China, a monitoring survey was carried out during 2013–2014 and 157 samples were analyzed in total. Twenty-three pesticides were detected among the 44 pesticides analyzed and at least one pesticide was detected in 63% of 99 samples. Whereas 45.6% of samples were found with two or more pesticide residues, and 23.6% of samples with four or more pesticide residues. Probabilistic risk assessments indicated that estimated daily intake（EDI） of cyhalothrin at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.11 times larger than the acceptable daily intake（ADI） for children, the estimated short-term intake（ESTI） at the P97.5th percentile level is 1.9 and 1.78 times larger than the acute reference dose（ARf D） for adult and children, respectively, indicating the potential risk concern from pyrethroids. EDI of the pesticides with anti-androgenic effects ranged from 0.15–2.46 of ADI, the probability of exposure exceeding the ADI was 7.1 and 31.1% for adults and children, respectively, the probability of exposure of pyrethroids exceeding the ADI was 3.8% for children. Exposures for other pesticides and groups were below 1.0. Because the co-occurrence of frequency of cyhalothrin and cypermethrin was 9.55%, the combinations of pesticides detected with anti-androgenic effects has not been found in the present monitoring, the results indicate that the pesticide residues in bayberry will not constitute serious public health risk, however, they are significant for the management of pesticide use on bayberry and dietary health risk in China.

关键词： bayberry pesticide residues probabilistic risk assessment

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