Multi-mycotoxin exposure and risk assessments for Chinese consumption of nuts and dried fruits

作     者：WANG Yu-jiao NIE Ji-yun YAN Zhen LI Zhi-xia CHENG Yang Saqib Farooq 

作者机构：Institute of Pomology Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Fruit (Xingcheng) Ministry of Agriculture Quality Inspection and Test Center for Fruit and Nursery Stocks (Xingcheng) Ministry of Agriculture 

出 版 物：《Journal of Integrative Agriculture》 (农业科学学报（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2018年第17卷第7期

页      面：1676-1690页

核心收录：

学科分类：0832[工学-食品科学与工程（可授工学、农学学位）] 08[工学] 083203[工学-农产品加工及贮藏工程] 

基　　金：supported by the National Program for Quality and Safety Risk Assessment of Agricultural Products of China (GJFP2016003 and GJFP2017003) the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS-ASTIP) 

主　　题：mycotoxins risk assessment deterministic analysis probabilistic analysis nuts dried fruits 

摘      要：In this study, 15 mycotoxins were detected in 233 nut and dried fruit samples from China. The 15 mycotoxins included aflatoxins （AFs： AFB1, AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2）, trichothecene toxins （TCs： T-2, ZEA, ENA, ENA1, ENB, ENB1 and BEA）, Alternaria toxins （ATs： TEN, AOH and AME） and ochratoxin A （OTA）. The mycotoxins were detected in 47.6% of the samples and all 15 of the mycotoxins were found. Two samples were positive for AFB1 and exceeded the maximum tolerable levels allowed in China. The contamination levels of the mycotoxins found in nuts, dried jujubes, raisins, dried figs and dried Iongans were in the ranges of 0.1-462.7, 0.2-247.3, 0.8-10.1,0.2-384.1 and 0.1-89.2 μg kg^-1, respectively. Dried figs （80.0%） had the highest incidence of mycotoxins, followed by dried Iongans （60.0%）, dried jujubes （57.1%）, nuts （43.6%） and raisins （26.7%）. The estimated daily intake （EDI） values of each individual mycotoxin and all of the mycotoxins collectively were calculated by both the deterministic approach （DA） and the probability approach （PA）. For risk characterization, dietary exposure to TCs, ATs and OTA through consumption of nuts and dried fruits according to both approaches, showed no health risk to Chinese adults by exposure to either individual mycotoxins or in combination. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first work in which risk assessment of multimycotoxins is performed, specifically including the emerging ENNs and BEA, in nuts and dried fruits of China.