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Urotensin-I suppresses the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis in the Mozambique tilapia,Oreochromis mossambicus

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 339-346页

作者： Jyoti A.Kumbar C.B.Ganesh Neuroendocrinology Research laboratory Department of Studies in ZoologyKarnatak UniversityDharwad580003India

Urotensin-I(UI)is a peptide belonging to the corticotropin-releasing hormone family,produced in the urophysis of *** investigation was undertaken to examine the effect of UI on the hypothalamo-hypophyseal-ovarian axis in the Mozambique tilapia,a cichlid *** the first experiment,administration of UI(2μg/100μL saline)for 22 days caused a significant reduction in the number of follicles at stages I,II,III(previtellogenic),IV(vitellogenic),and V(preovulatory),concomitant with a significant increase in the percent atresia of follicles at stages II,III,and IV than in *** the pituitary,gonadotropin-releasing hormone(GnRH)-positive fibres were detected in the proximal pars distalis(PPD)in both controls and UI-treated fish;however,there was a significant reduction in the intensity and percent area of GnRH-immunoreactive fibres in fish treated with UI compared with *** serum luteinizing hormone(LH)level was significantly lower,whereas a significant rise in the serum level of cortisol was noticed in UI-treated fish compared with *** the second experiment,treatment with a low dose of UI(10 mM)did not affect the number of ACTH-secreting cells in vitro,but the number of these cells was significantly higher in high-dose UI(50 mM)-treated pituitaries compared to ***,the present investigation reveals for the first time that the treatment of UI affects the follicular development process through the downregulation of the GnRH-LH axis and activation of the pituitary-interrenal pathway in teleosts.

关键词： Urotensin-I CRH family Gonadotropin-releasing hormone Luteinizing hormone Ovary Oreochromis mossambicus

Inbreeding and genetic load in a pair of sibling grouse species:Tetrastes sewersowi and ***

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Avian Research 2024年第2期15卷 265-270页

作者： Kai Song Tom van der Valk Bin Gao Peter Halvarsson Yun Fang Wendong Xie Siegfried Klaus Zhiming Han Yue-Hua Sun Jacob Hoglund Key laboratory of Animal Ecology and Conservation Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China Animal Ecology Department of Ecology and GeneticsUppsala UniversityNorbyvagen 18DUppsala75236Sweden Department of Cell and Molecular Biology Uppsala75273Sweden Unit of parasitology Department of Biomedicine and Veterinary Public HealthSwedish University of Agricultural SciencesPO Box 7036Uppsala75007Sweden Lindenhohe 5 JenaD-07749Germany The State Key laboratory of Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100101China

Genetic load and inbreeding are recognized as important factors to be considered in conservation *** levels of both can increase the risk of population extinction by negatively impacting fitness-related characters in many species of plants and animals,including humans(inbreeding depression).Genomic tech-niques are increasingly used in measuring and understanding genetic load and inbreeding and their importance in evolution and *** used whole genome resequencing data from two sibling grouse species in subarctic Eurasia to quantify *** found a large range of inbreeding measured as FROH(fraction of runs of homozygosity)in individuals from different populations of Chinese Grouse(Tetrastes sewerzowi)and Hazel Grouse(***).FROH estimated from genome-wide runs of homozygosity(ROH)ranged from 0.02 to 0.24 among Chinese Grouse populations and from 0.01 to 0.44 in Hazel *** from a population of Chinese Grouse residing in the Qilian mountains and from the European populations of Hazel Grouse(including samples from Sweden,Germany and Northeast Poland)were the most inbred(FROH ranged from 0.10 to 0.23 and 0.11 to 0.44,respectively).These levels are comparable to other highly inbred populations of *** Grouse from northern China and Chinese Grouse residing in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau showed relatively lower inbreeding *** of the ratio between deleterious missense mutations and synonymous mutations revealed higher levels in Chinese Grouse as compared to Hazel *** results are possibly explained by higher fixation rates,mutational melt down,in the range-restricted Chinese Grouse compared to the wide-ranging Hazel ***,when we compared the relatively more severe class of loss-of-function muta-tions,Hazel Grouse had slightly higher levels than Chinese Grouse,a result which may indicate that purifying selection(purging)has been more efficient in Chinese Grouse on this class of mutations.

关键词： Genetic load Inbreeding Purifying selection Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau ROH Tetrastes

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Impact of Metabolic disrupting chemicals on redox homeostasis,energy sensors,receptor modulation,and hormone metabolism:A comparative account in Teleost and mammalian model organisms

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第3期9卷 455-485页

作者： Urmi Mukherjee Sudipta Maitra Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology laboratory Department of ZoologyVisva-Bharati UniversitySantiniketan731235India

Endocrine-disrupting chemicals(EDCs)may mimic the endogenous neuroendocrine and endocrine messengers and interfere with developmental,reproductive,immune,metabolic and other physiological *** of basal metabolic rate,energy metabolism,food intake and engorgement by endocrine disruptors may lead to loss of metabolic ***-induced loss of metabolic homeostasis and obesity gave rise to the concept of metabolic-disrupting chemicals(MDC)and environmental *** oxidative stress,alterations in the circadian clock,and energy-sensing homeostasis are some of the major pathophysiological conditions implicated in promoting metabolic ***,fish are the most vulnerable candidate due to their direct exposure to metabolic disruptors in aquatic *** limited,studies conducted using piscine models have helped to identify MDCs in the aquatic ***,the molecular mechanisms through which MDCs can negatively influence the metabolism of hormones,epigenetic alteration,gut dysbiosis,and changes in endocrine and metabolic receptor expression and functions have recently gained considerable *** this review,we provide an update on the impact of MDCs on the initiators,cellular mediators,and hormone receptors related to the maintenance of metabolic homeostasis,with particular emphasis on fish models.

关键词： Reactive oxygen species SIRT1/AMPK/PGC PPAR Estrogen receptor Hormone metabolism Metabolic disruption

Boundless love:a German Professor Uli Schwarz in China

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Protein & Cell 2024年第8期15卷 553-558页

作者： Le Kang State Key laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

More than 20 years ago,an old German man embarked on a quest to explore the suburbs of Shanghai and the villages of jiangsu Province in search of antique Chinese *** was not a mere antique collector or aficionado of ancient furmiture,but a German scientist motivated by his profound love of Chinese *** name was Uli Schwarz(Fig.1),a distinguished German scientist who had dedicated the majority of his life to promoting cross-cultural scientific exchanges,an effort that left an indelible mark on the landscape of research collaborations between China and Germany.

关键词： Schwarz German landscape

Temporal and spatial regulation of biomimetic vascularization in 3D-printed skeletal muscles

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Bio-Design and Manufacturing 2024年第5期7卷 597-610页

作者： Minxuan Jia Tingting Fan Tan Jia Xin Liu Heng Liu Qi Gu Key laboratory of Organ Regeneration and Reconstruction State Key Laboratory of Membrane BiologyInstitute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Beijing Institute for Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Beijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China State Key laboratory of Stem Cell and Reproductive Biology Institute of ZoologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Department of Orthopaedics Beijing Jishuitan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100035China

In the intricate skeletal muscle tissue,the symbiotic relationship between myotubes and their supporting vasculature is pivotal in delivering essential oxygen and *** study explored the complex interplay between skeletal muscle and endothelial cells in the vascularization ofmuscle *** harnessing the capabilities of three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting and modeling,we developed a novel approach involving the co-construction of endothelial and muscle cells,followed by their subsequent *** findings highlight the importance of the interaction dynamics between these two cell ***,introducing endothelial cells during the advanced phases of muscle differentiation enhanced myotube ***,it stimulated the development of the vascular network,paving the way for the early stages of vascularized skeletal muscle *** methodology proposed in this study indicates the potential for constructing large-scale,physiologically aligned skeletal ***,it highlights the need for exploring the delicate equilibrium and mutual interactions between muscle and endothelial *** on the multicell-type interaction model,we can predict promising pathways for constructing even more intricate tissues or organs.

关键词： Skeletal muscle Vascularization 3D bioprinting Cell interaction

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Rapid growth in a large Cambrian apex predator

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National Science Review 2024年第3期11卷 128-136页

作者：吴雨 Stephen Pates Daniel Pauly 张兴亮傅东静 State Key laboratory of Continental Dynamics and Shaanxi Key laboratory of Early Life and Environment Department of Geology Northwest University Department of zoology University of Cambridge Institute for the Oceans and Fisheries University of British Columbia Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology Chinese Academy of Sciences

Despite the importance of ontogenetic data on early diverging euarthropods to our understanding of the ecology and evolution of past life, the data are distinctly lacking, as reconstructing life histories of fossil animals is often challenging. Here we report the growth trajectory of frontal appendages of the apex predator Amplectobelua symbrachiata, one of the most common radiodont arthropods from the early Cambrian Chengjiang biota(c. 520 Ma) of China. Analysis of 432 specimens(9.1–137.1 mm length; 1.3–25.6 mm height) reveals that appendages grew isometrically, with an estimated maximum size of the whole animal of c. 90 cm. Individuals grew rapidly compared to extant arthropods, as assessed using the electronic length-frequency analysis(ELEFAN) approach. Therefore, we show that the Cambrian apex predator A. symbrachiata was an extremely fast-growing arthropod, with an unusual life history strategy that formed as part of the escalatory ‘arms race’ that shaped the Cambrian explosion over 500 Ma.

关键词： stem-group Euarthropoda Radiodonta post-embryonic development growth dynamics Cambrian Explosion

Matrix metalloproteinase 2 contributes to adult eclosion and immune response in the small hive beetle,Aethina tumida

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Insect Science 2024年第3期31卷 733-747页

作者： Lixian Wu Yajing Xu Liangbin Li Dainan Cao Fang Liu Hongxia Zhao Guangdong Key Laboratssory of Animal Conservation and Resource Utilization Guangdong Public Laboratory of Wild Animal Conservation and UtilizationInstitute of ZoologyGuangdong Academy of SciencesGuangzhouChina

During the pupal-adult eclosion process of holometabolous insects,the old cuticle is shed and replaced by a completely different new cuticle that requires tanning and expansion,along with extensive extracellular matrix(ECM)*** vertebrates,matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs),a class of zinc-dependent endopeptidases,play key roles in regulating the ECM that surrounds ***,little is known about these extracellular proteinases available in *** small hive beetle(SHB),Aethina tumida,is a widespread invasive parasite of honey *** this study,6 MMP homologs were identified in the SHB *** interference experiments showed that all 6 AtMmps are not required for the larval-pupal transition,only AtMmp2 was essential for pupal-adult eclosion in *** of AtMmp2 resulted in eclosion defects and wing expansion failure,as well as mortality within 3 d of adult *** analysis revealed that knockdown of AtMmp2 significantly increased expression of the Toll and Imd pathways,chitin metabolism,and cross-linking(such as the pro-phenoloxidase activating cascade pathway and the tyrosine-mediated cuticle sclerotization and pigmentation pathway).These data revealed evolutionarily conserved functions of Mmp2 in controlling adult eclosion and wing expansion,also provided a preliminary exploration of the novel function of regulating Toll and Imd pathways,as well as new insights into how MMPs regulate insect development and defense barriers.

关键词： Aethina tumida adult eclosion immune response matrix metalloproteinase RNAinterference

Free-range poultry eggs as an emerging tool for pollution bio-indication

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Eco-Environment & Health 2024年第1期3卷 77-79页

作者： Anissa Zergui Daniel Brice Nkontcheu Kenko National Center of Toxicology Algeria zoology laboratory Department of Animal Biology and ConservationFaculty of ScienceUniversity of BueaCameroon Biology and applied Ecology Research Unit Dschang School of Science and TechnologyUniversity of DschangCameroon

Environmental pollution disrupts aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems,constituting a risk to the human survival due to the harmful effects of different pollutants,including heavy metals,persistent organic pollutants(POPs),and ***,long-term exposure to cadmium(Cd)causes kidney damage,bone fragility,and ***(Pb)and mercury(Hg)are known for their haematotoxic and neurotoxic ***(As)can cause skin cancer,hyperkeratosis lesions,skin pigmentation disorders,as well as lung cancer[1].Additionally,POPs,such as organochlorine pesticides(OCPs)and dioxins,are a class of carbon-based organic chemicals characterized by their persistence,bioaccumulation,and potential for long-range *** substances are recognized as hazardous pollutants and endocrine disruptors[2].Because of this evidence,efforts are made to assess environmental pollution in order to guarantee a balanced ecosystem and human *** monitoring traditionally involved directly measuring pollutantlevels in the environmentalmatrices,including air,soil,and water.

关键词： pollution poultry traditionally

Effect of organic mineral supplementation in reducing oxidative stress in Holstein calves during short‑term heat stress and recovery conditions

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 812-825页

作者： A-Rang Son Seon-Ho Kim Mahfuzul Islam Michelle Miguel Ye Pyae Naing Sang-Suk Lee Ruminant Nutrition and Anaerobe laboratory Department of Animal Science and TechnologySunchon National UniversitySuncheon 57922Korea Department of Microbiology and parasitology Sher-e-Bangla Agricultural UniversityDhaka 1207Bangladesh

Background This study investigated the effects of inorganic and organic minerals on physiological responses,oxidative stress reduction,and rumen microbiota in Holstein bull calves(123.81±9.76 kg;5 months old)during short-term heat stress(HS)and recovery *** Holstein calves were randomly assigned to four treatment groups:no mineral supplementation(Con),inorganic minerals(IM),organic minerals(OM),and high-concentration organic minerals(HOM)and two thermal environments(HS and recovery)using 4×2 factorial arrangement in a crossover design of four periods of 35 *** were maintained in a temperature-controlled *** experimental period consisted of 14 d of HS,14 d of recovery condititon,and a 7-d washing *** Body temperature and respiration rate were higher in HS than in the recovery conditions(P0.05).The principal coordinate analysis represented that the overall rumen microbiota was not influenced by mineral supplementation;however,temperature-induced microbial structure shifts were indicated(PERMANOVA:P<0.05).At the phylum level,Firmicutes and Actinobacteria decreased,whereas Fibrobacteres,Spirochaetes,and Tenericutes increased(P<0.05),under HS *** genus Treponema increased under HS conditions,while Christensenella was higher in recovery conditions(P<0.05).Conc

关键词： Antioxidant status Heat stress Holstein bull calves Organic mineral supplementation Oxidative stress

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