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Deciphering Water Oxidation Catalysts:The Dominant Role of Surface Chemistry over Reconstruction Degree in Activity Promotion

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第3期17卷 340-354页

作者： Li An Jianyi Li Yuanmiao Sun Jiamin Zhu Justin Zhu Yeow Seow Hong Zhang Nan Zhang Pinxian Xi * Zhichuan JXu Chun‑Hua Yan State Key laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu ProvinceFrontiers Science Center for Rare IsotopesCollege of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Nanyang Technological UniversitySingapore 639798Singapore Faculty of Materials Science and Energy Engineering Institute of Technology for Carbon NeutralityShenzhen Institute of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055People’s Republic of China Key laboratory of Electromagnetic Materials and Devices National Center for International Research On Photoelectric and Energy MaterialsSchool of Materials and EnergyElectron Microscopy CenterYunnan UniversityKunming 650091People’s Republic of China State Key laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Researches and Comprehensive Utilization Baotou Research Institute of Rare EarthsBaotou 014030People’s Republic of China Beijing National laboratory for Molecular Sciences State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and ApplicationsPKU‑HKU Joint Laboratory in Rare Earth Materials and Bioinorganic ChemistryPeking UniversityBeijing 100871People’s Republic of China

Water splitting hinges crucially on the availability of electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution *** surface reconstruction has been widely observed in perovskite catalysts,and the reconstruction degree has been often correlated with the activity ***,a systematic study on the roles of Fe substitution in activation of perovskite LaNiO_(3)is *** substituting Fe content influences both current change tendency and surface reconstruction ***_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)is found exhibiting a volcano-peak intrinsic activity in both pristine and reconstructed among all substituted perovskites in the LaNi_(1-x)Fe_(x)O_(3)(x=0.00,0.10,0.25,0.50,0.75,1.00)*** reconstructed LaNi_(0.9)Fe_(0.1)O_(3)shows a higher intrinsic activity than most reported NiFe-based ***,density functional theory calculations reveal that Fe substitution can lower the O 2p level,which thus stabilize lattice oxygen in LaNi0.9Fe0.1O3 and ensure its long-term ***,it is vital interesting that activity of the reconstructed catalysts relied more on the surface chemistry rather than the reconstruction *** effect of Fe on the degree of surface reconstruction of the perovskite is decoupled from that on its activity enhancement after surface *** finding showcases the importance to customize the surface chemistry of reconstructed catalysts for water oxidation.

关键词： Oxygen evolution reaction Perovskite oxides Doping Activation and reconstruction

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electron microscopy methods for space-, energy-, and time-resolved plasmonics

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Frontiers of physics 2017年第1期12卷 23-49页

作者： Arthur Losquin Tom T. A. Lummen Department of Physics Lund University P.O. Box 118 SE-22100 Lund Sweden laboratory for ultrafast microscopy and electron scattering ICMP Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne Station 6 CH-1015 Lausanne Switzerland

Nanoscale plasmonic systems combine the advantages of optical frequencies with those of small spatial scales, circumventing the limitations of conventional photonic systems by exploiting the strong field confinement of surface plasmons. As a result of this miniaturization to the nanoscale, electron microscopy techniques are the natural investigative methods of choice. Recent years have seen the development of a number of electron microscopy techniques that combine the use of electrons and photons to enable unprecedented views of surface plasmons in terms of combined spatial, energy, and time resolution. This review aims to provide a comparative survey of these different approaches from an experimental viewpoint by outlining their respective experimental domains of suitability and highlighting their complementary strengths and limitations as applied to plasmonics in particular.

关键词： plasmonics electron microscopy electron Energy Loss Spectroscopy (EELS) cathodoluminescence Photoemission electron microscopy (PEEM) Photo-Induced Near-field electron microscopy (PINEM) electron Energy Gain Spectroscopy (EEGS)

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Importance of ligands on TiO_2 nanocrystals for perovskite solar cells

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第1期27卷 92-97页

作者：赵耀赵怡程周文可伏睿李琪俞大鹏赵清 State Key laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and electron microscopy laboratory School of Physics Peking University

The fabrication of high-quality electron-selective layers at low temperature is a prerequisite to realizing efficient flexible and tandem perovskite solar cells （PSCs）. A colloidal-quantum-dot ink that contains TiO2 nanocrystals enables the deposition of a flat film with matched energy level for PSCs; however, the selection of ligands on the TiO2 surface is still unexplored. Here, we systematically studied the effect of the titanium diisopropoxide bis（acetylacetonate）（TiAc2） ligand on the performance of PSCs with a planar n-i-p architecture. We prepared TiO2 nanocrystals from TiCI4 and ethyl alcohol with C1- ligands attached on its surface and we found that a tiny amount of TiAc2 treatment of as-prepared TiO2 nanocrystals in a mixed solution of chloroform and methyl alcohol can enhance PSC power conversion efficiency （PCE） from 14.7% to 18.3%. To investigate the effect of TiAc2 ligand on PSCs, TiO2 samples with different TiAc2 content were prepared by adding TiAc2 into the as-obtained TiO2 nanocrystal solution. We use x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy to identify the content of C1 so as to reveal that C1 ligands can be substituted by TiAc2. We speculate that the improvement in PCE originates from amorphous TiO2 formation on the TiO2 nanocrystal surface, whereby a single-molecule layer of amorphous TiO2 facilitates charge transfer between the perovskite film and the TiO2 electronic transport layer, but excessive TiAc2 lowers the PSC performance dramatically. We further prove our hypothesis by x-ray diffraction measurements. We believe the PCE of PSCs can be further improved by carefully choosing the type and changing the content of surface ligands on TiO2 nanocrystal.

关键词： TiAc2 TiO2 nanocrystal surface ligand perovskite solar cells

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Sulfolane‑Based Flame‑Retardant Electrolyte for High‑Voltage Sodium‑Ion Batteries

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第2期17卷 498-516页

作者： Xuanlong He Jie Peng Qingyun Lin Meng Li Weibin Chen Pei Liu Tao Huang Zhencheng Huang Yuying Liu Jiaojiao Deng Shenghua Ye Xuming Yang Xiangzhong Ren Xiaoping Ouyang Jianhong Liu Biwei Xiao Jiangtao Hu Qianling Zhang Graphene Composite Research Center College of Chemistry and Environmental EngineeringShenzhen UniversityShenzhen 518060People’s Republic of China Center of electron microscopy State Key Laboratory of Silicon and Advanced Semiconductor MaterialsSchool of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310027People’s Republic of China GRINM(Guangdong)Research Institute for Advanced Materials and Technology FoshanGuangdong 528051People’s Republic of China College of Energy Engineering Zhejiang UniversityHangzhouZhejiang 310027People’s Republic of China School of Materials Science and Engineering Xiangtan UniversityXiangtan 411105People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Eigen-Equation Graphene Technology Co.Ltd Shenzhen 518000People’s Republic of China

Sodium-ion batteries hold great promise as next-generation energy storage ***,the high instability of the electrode/electrolyte interphase during cycling has seriously hindered the development of *** particular,an unstable cathode–electrolyte interphase(CEI)leads to successive electrolyte side reactions,transition metal leaching and rapid capacity decay,which tends to be exacerbated under high-voltage ***,constructing dense and stable CEIs are crucial for high-performance *** work reports localized high-concentration electrolyte by incorporating a highly oxidation-resistant sulfolane solvent with non-solvent diluent 1H,1H,5H-octafluoropentyl-1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl ether,which exhibited excellent oxidative stability and was able to form thin,dense and homogeneous *** excellent CEI enabled the O3-type layered oxide cathode NaNi_(1/3)Mn_(1/3)Fe_(1/3)O_(2)(NaNMF)to achieve stable cycling,with a capacity retention of 79.48%after 300 cycles at 1 C and 81.15%after 400 cycles at 2 C with a high charging voltage of 4.2 *** addition,its nonflammable nature enhances the safety of *** work provides a viable pathway for the application of sulfolane-based electrolytes on SIBs and the design of next-generation high-voltage electrolytes.

关键词： Sodium-ion batteries Sulfolane-based electrolyte High voltage Layered oxide cathode Flame retardant

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Tapered dielectric structure in metal as a wavelength-selective surface plasmon polariton focuser

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Chinese Physics B 2009年第11期18卷 4865-4869页

作者：张洋赵清廖志敏俞大鹏 State Key laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy LaboratorySchool of PhysicsPeking University

Symmetric tapered dielectric structures in metal have demonstrated applications such as the nanofocusing of surface plasmon polaritons, as well as the waveguiding of V-channel polaritons. Yet the fabrication of smooth-surfaced tapered structure remains an obstacle to most researchers. We have successfully developed a handy method to fabricate metal-sandwiched tapered nanostructures simply with electron beam lithography. Though these structures are slightly different from conventional symmetric V-shaped structures, systematic simulations show that similar functionality of surface plasmon polariton nanofocusing can still be achieved. When parameters are properly selected, wavelength- selective nanofocusing of surface plasmon polaritons can be obtained.

关键词： tapered structure surface plasmon focusing finite-difference time-domain

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Transformation from β-Ga2O3 to GaN Nanowires via Nitridation

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第3期25卷 1038-1041页

作者：王朋伟宋祎璞章新政徐军俞大鹏 State Kay laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871

Element doping is an important way to modify the properties of semiconductor materials. In our previous work, it was found that nitrogen-doping in β-Ga2O3 nanowires can induce a novel luminescence emission （around 740 nm） caused by generation of acceptor levels at the middle of the band gap of the β-Ga2O3 nanowires. Here we report that further heavy doping of nitrogen can transform the β-Ga2O3 nanowires completely into wurtzite structured GaN nanowires. Transmission electron microscopy （TEM）, x-ray diffraction （XRD） and Raman spectrum are used to evaluate the transition process. Both XRD and Raman analysis reveal that the monoclinic β-Ga2O3 nanowires start phase transformation at a temperature around 850℃ towards wurtzite structured GaN. Our results will be very helpful to profound our understanding of the doping induced effects and phase transformation in semiconductor compounds.

关键词： supernova explosion proto-neutron star shock wave

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Conductance and DNA Translocation Current Blockage of Solid-State Nanopores

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Chinese Physics Letters 2012年第5期29卷 244-247页

作者： LU Bo JIN Wei-Liang ZHAO Qing YU Da-Peng State Key laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and electron microscopy laboratory School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing 100871

The current blockage during DNA molecule translocation through a solid-state nanopore is very important in DNA analysis techniques based on *** use Poisson-Nernst-Planck descriptions of electrolyte behavior in a nanopore with and without the presence of DNA molecules to simulate the nanopore conductance and current blockage of DNA molecules. Actual experimental parameters,such as pore size,length of nanopores,DNA drift velocity,and the charge issue of nanopores and DNA,are applied to evaluate the precise current blockage amplitude,which is found to agree very well with the experimental results.

关键词： pores precise electrolyte

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Large-Quantity Synthesis of Single-Crystalline Metal Indium Nano/Sub-Micron Wires

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第2期25卷 644-647页

作者：张洋单旭东廖志敏赵清徐军俞大鹏 State Key laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and electron microscopy laboratory School of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871

Large quantities of metal indium single-crystalline wires with diameters ranging from tens of nanometres to a few micrometres were synthesized on Si substrates. Unlike traditional methods for the fabrication of nanowires or nanorods, liquid indium was squeezed out of the pores and cracks from porous an InAlN layer to form the wires. Continuous pushing out of liquid metal indium under strength, lowering of liquid-solid interfaces and the confinement of the cracks all contribute to the growth of indium wires. Our experiments have shed some light on the possibility of synthesizing large quantities quasi-1D nano/sub-micron structures with specified cross-sectional geometry using the similar method.

关键词： pulsars x-ray spectra relativity and gravitation redshift

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Room Temperature Ferromagnetism and Optical Tunability in Cu Doped GaN Nanowires

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Chinese Physics Letters 2008年第8期25卷 3040-3043页

作者：王朋伟张学进王百齐章新政俞大鹏 State Key laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics and Electron Microscopy Laboratory Department of Physics Peking University Beijing 100871

GaN nanowires doped with 2at.% and 6at.% Cu ions are synthesized by chemical vapour deposition method. Structural and compositional analyses demonstrate that the as-grown nanowires are of single crystal wurtzite GaN structure. Magnetic characterizations reveal that the doped GaN nanowires exhibit room temperature ferromagnetism. The measured saturation magnetic moments are 0.37ug and 0.47ug per Cu atom at 300 K for Cu 2 at. % and 6 at. %, respectively. The photoluminescence spectra show that Cu dopant can tune the band gap of the GaN, which leads to a red shift of band-edge emission with increasing dopant concentration.

关键词： the power-law exponents precipitation durative abrupt precipitation change

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Atomic-scale roles of Zn element in age-hardened AlMgSiZn alloys

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2021年第11期70卷 105-112页

作者： N.N.Jiao Y.X.Lai S.L.Chen P.Gao J.H.Chen Center for High-Resolution electron microscopy College of Materials Science&EngineeringHunan UniversityChangsha410082China electron microscopy laboratory and International Center for Quantum Materials School of PhysicsPeking UniversityBeijing100871China

Adding alloying elements to improve the performances or the manufacturing processes of Al-Mg-Si alloys has long been a serious issue in developing advanced automotive aluminum *** Zn element,among those promising ones,has demonstrated positive alloying effects on Al-Mg-Si ***,the atomic-scale roles of Zn in an age-hardened Al-Mg-Si-Zn alloy have not been adequately *** atomic-resolution electron microscopy,here we report the precise locations of Zn elements in all hardening precipitates involved and their alloying mechanism at the atomic scale when alloying the *** results show that Zn atoms enter all the major hardening phases to occupy specific featured atomic sites of the original elements,*** Si1 and Mg2 sites in theβ’-2 phase,and modify their crystal structures,interfacial structures and morphologies in characteristic *** is revealed that for theβ’-phase,Zn atoms occupy unique atomic sites,whereas for other phases,they demonstrate similar behaviors as other additive alloying elements such as Ag and Cu do.

关键词： Al-Mg-Si alloy Zn addition Precipitate electron microscopy

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