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Changes in leaflet shape and seeds per pod modify crop growth parameters, canopy light environment, and yield components in soybean

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The Crop Journal 2020年第2期8卷 351-364页

作者： Julieta S.Bianchi Alvaro Quijano Carlos O.Gosparini laboratorio de fisiología Vegetal Facultad de Ciencias AgrariasUniversidad Nacional de Rosario(UNR)Campo Experimental J.VillarinoP.O.Box 142125 ZavallaSanta FeArgentina Instituto de Investigaciones en Ciencias Agrarias de Rosario(IICAR) Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas(CONICET)–UNRCampo Experimental J.VillarinoP.O.Box 142125 ZavallaSanta FeArgentina Consejo de Investigaciones de la UnR(CIUnR) Campo Experimental J.VillarinoP.O.Box 142125 ZavallaSanta FeArgentina

Seed number(Sn)is the component most strongly associated with yield in *** depends on pod number(Pn)and seeds per pod(SPP).Whereas SPP is a relatively stable component,Pn is strongly influenced by environmental and management ***,the environmental cues involved in Pn regulation are not completely *** influence of increasing SPP on other yield components is *** trials were conducted in two growing seasons using two pairs of lanceolate(L)and ovate(O)nearisogenic lines,sown at low(LD)and high(HD)plant densities to evaluate the effect of leaflet shape on crop growth parameters,canopy red/far-red(R/FR)ratio,their relationships with pod initiation,Pn,and yield;and the effect of increasing SPP on Pn,Sn,and yield.L canopies showed a higher number of pods initiated(PI)than O canopies owing to the increase of PI on *** association between PI and crop growth rate during the pod set period was *** was negatively associated with leaf area index(laI)and light *** contrast,a positive association between PI and canopy R/FR ratio was *** latter association was sustained irrespective of whether the laI was below or above its critical value,providing experimental evidence that R/FR ratio is positively associated with pod initiation in soybean *** increase in SPP produced a direct and steady increase in Sn regardless of Pn and plant density.A yield increase was observed for the L-LD treatment,which combined the increased SPP of L lines with the highest Pn of L-LD *** results have implications for crop management and breeding strategies aimed at increasing the yield potential of soybean.

关键词： soybean breeding shape

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Biocompatibility and electrochemical evaluation of ZrO_(2) thin films deposited by reactive magnetron sputtering on MgZnCa alloy

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2021年第6期9卷 2019-2038页

作者： Benjamín Millán-Ramos Daniela Morquecho-Marín Phaedra Silva-Bermudez David Ramírez-Ortega Osmary depablos-Rivera Julieta García-López Mariana Fernández-Lizárraga JoséVictoria-Hernández Dietmar Letzig Argelia Almaguer-Flores Sandra E.Rodil Instituto de Investigaciones en Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Posgrado en Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Unidad de Ingeniería de Tejidos Terapia Celular y Medicina RegenerativaInstituto Nacional de Rehabilitación Luis Guillermo IbarraCDMX 14389Mexico Posgrado en Ciencias Médicas Odontológicas y de la SaludUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Instituto de Ciencias Aplicadas y Tecnologia Universidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico Posgrado de Doctorado en Ciencias en Biomedicina y Biotecnología Molecular Escuela Nacional de Ciencias BiológicasInstituto Politécnico NacionalCDMX 11340Mexico Institute of Material and Process design Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Strasse 1Geesthacht 21502Germany Magnesium Innovation Centre MagIC Helmholtz-Zentrum GeesthachtMax-Planck-Strasse 1Geesthacht 21502Germany laboratorio de Biointerfases Facultad de OdontologíaDivisión de Estudios de Posgrado e InvestigaciónUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de MéxicoCDMX 04510Mexico

Biodegradable magnesium alloys are promising candidates for temporary fracture fixation devices in orthopedics;nevertheless,its fast degradation rate at the initial stage after implantation remains as one of the main challenges to be ***_(2)-based coatings to reduce the degradation rate of the Mg-implants are an attractive solution since they show high biocompatibility and *** this work,the degradation,cytotoxicity,and antibacterial performance of ZrO_(2)thin films deposited by magnetron sputtering on a Mg-Zn-Ca alloy was ***-term degradation of ZrO_(2)-coated and uncoated samples was assessed considering electrochemical techniques and H_(2)evolution(gas chromatography).Additionally,long term degradation was assessed by mass-loss *** results showed that a 380 nm ZrO_(2)coating reduces the degradation rate and H_(2)evolution of the alloy during the initial 3 days after immersion but allows the degradation of the bare alloy for the *** ZrO_(2)coating does not compromise the biocompatibility of the alloy and permits better cell adhesion and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells directly on its surface,in comparison to the bare ***,the ZrO_(2)coating prevents the adhesion and biofilm formation of ***.

关键词： Zirconium dioxide Magnetron sputtering Short-term degradation H_(2)evolution

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Pharmacological inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1 stimulates gastric release of nesfatin-1 via the mTOR pathway

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2017年第35期23卷 6403-6411页

作者： Cintia Folgueira Silvia Barja-Fernandez laura Prado Omar Al-Massadi Cecilia Castelao Veronica Pena-Leon Patricia Gonzalez-Saenz Javier Baltar Ivan Baamonde Rosaura Leis Carlos Dieguez Uberto Pagotto Felipe F Casanueva Sulay A Tovar Ruben nogueiras Luisa M Seoane Grupo Fisiopatología Endocrina Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de Compostela CIBER Fisiopatología Obesidad y nutrición Instituto de Salud Carlos III department of Physiology Research Centre of Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases department of Pediatric Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Servicio de Cirugía General Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago Endocrinology Unit and Center for Applied Biomedical Research Department of Medical and Surgical SciencesHospital S.Orsola-MalpighiAlma Mater University of Bologna laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular y Celular.Universidad de Santiago de Compostela Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago de CompostelaComplexo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago

AIM To determine whether nucb2/nesfatin1 production is regulated by the cannabinoid system through the intracellular m TOR pathway in the *** Sprague Dawley rats were treated with vehicle, rimonabant, rapamycin or rapamycin+rimonabant. Gastric tissue obtained from the animals was used for biochemical assays: nucb2 m RnA measurement by real time PCR, gastric nucb2/nesfatin protein content by western blot, and gastric explants to obtain gastric secretomes. nucb2/nesfatin levels were measured in gastric secretomes and plasma using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. RESULTS The inhibition of cannabinoid receptor 1(CB1) by the peripheral injection of an inverse agonist, namely rimonabant, decreases food intake and increases the gastric secretion and circulating levels of nucb2/nesfatin-1. In addition, rimonabant treatment activates m TOR pathway in the stomach as showed by the increase in pm TOR/m TOR expression in gastric tissue obtained from rimonabant treated animals. These effects were confirmed by the use of a CB1 antagonist, AM281. When the intracellular pathway m TOR/S6 k was inactivated by chronic treatment with rapamycin, rimonabant treatment was no longer able to stimulate the gastric secretion of nucb2/*** The peripheral cannabinoid system regulates food intake through a mechanism that implies gastric production and release of nucb2/nesfatin-1, which is mediated by the m TOR/S6 k pathway.

关键词： nUCB2/nesfatin-1 Stomach Food intake Cannabinoid receptor 1 mTOR

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A systematic investigation of radiation collapse for disruption avoidance and prevention on JET tokamak

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Matter and Radiation at Extremes 2023年第4期8卷 55-75页

作者： R.Rossi M.Gelfusa T.Craciunescu L.Spolladore I.Wyss E.Peluso J.Vega C.F.Maggi J.Mailloux M.Maslov A.Murari on behalf of JET Contributors department of Industrial Engineering University of Rome“Tor Vergata”via del Politecnico 1RomaItaly national Institute for laser Plasma and Radiation PhysicsMagurele-BucharestRomania laboratorio nacional de Fusión CIEMATAv.Complutense 4028040 MadridSpain UKAEA-CCFE Culham Science CentreAbingdon OX143DBUnited Kingdom Consorzio RFX(CnR ENEAINFNUniversitàdi PadovaAcciaierie Venete SpA)Corso Stati Uniti 435127 PadovaItaly Istituto per la Scienza e la Tecnologia dei Plasmi CNRPadovaItaly EUROfusion Consortium JETCulham Science CentreAbingdon OX143DBUnited Kingdom

To produce fusion reactions efficiently,thermonuclear plasmas have to reach extremely high temperatures,which is incompatible with their coming into contact with material *** of plasmas using magnetic fields has progressed significantly in the last years,particularly in the tokamak ***,all tokamak devices,and particularly metallic ones,are plagued by catastrophic events called *** disruptions are preceded by anomalies in the radiation patterns,particularly in ITER-relevant *** specific forms of radiation emission either directly cause or reveal the approaching collapse of the *** the localization of these radiation anomalies in real time requires an innovative and specific elaboration of bolometric measurements,confirmed by visible cameras and the inversion of sophisticated tomographic *** information derived from these measurements can be interpreted in terms of local power balances,which suggest a new quantity,the radiated power divided by the plasma internal energy,to determine the criticality of the plasma *** with robust indicators of the temperature profile shape,the identified anomalous radiation patterns allow determination of the sequence of macroscopic events leading to disruptions.A systematic analysis of JET campaigns at high power in deuterium,full tritium,and DT,for a total of almost 2000 discharges,proves the effectiveness of the *** warning times are such that,depending on the radiation anomaly and the available actuators,the control system of future devices is expected to provide enough notice to enable deployment of effective prevention and avoidance strategies.

关键词： tokamak prevention approaching

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An inter-laboratory study of DnA-based identity,parentage and species testing in animal forensic genetics

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Forensic Sciences Research 2022年第4期7卷 708-713页

作者： Sreetharan Kanthaswamy Torsten Brendel Luis Cancela denise A.Andrade de Oliveira Bertram Brenig Carmen Cons Julian A.Crespi Markéta Dajbychová Andreas Feldl Tomohito Itoh Vincenzo landi Amparo Martinez Malgorzata natonek-Wisniewska Robert F.Oldt Anna Radko Oscar Ramírez Clementina Rodellar Manuel Ruiz-Girón David Schikorski María Elena Turba Guillermo Giovambatista School of Mathematics and natural Sciences Arizona State University(ASU)at the West CampusGlendaleAZUSA California national Primate Research Center University of CaliforniaDavisCAUSA Evolutionary Biology Graduate Program School of Life SciencesArizona State UniversityTempeAZUSA Eurofins Genomics Europe Applied Genomics GmbH EbersbergGermany IdenTITAS MontevideoUruguay laboratório de Genética Escola de Veterinária da UFMGBelo HorizonteBrazil Institute of Veterinary Medicine University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany Facultad de Veterinaria Laboratorio de Genética Bioquímica(LAGENBIO)Instituto Agroalimentario de Aragón-IA2(Universidad de Zaragoza-CITA)ZaragozaSpain Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias UnLP IGEVET-Instituto de Genética Veterinaria(UNLP-CONICET LAPLATA)La PlataArgentina Genomia s.r.o. PlzeňCzech Republic Maebashi Institute of Animal Science Livestock Improvement Association of Japan(LIAJ)MaebashiJapan department of Veterinary Medicine Animal Breeding and GeneticsUniversity of Bari“Aldo Moro”ValenzanoItaly department of Genetics Faculty of Veterinary SciencesUniversity of CórdobaCórdobaSpain department of Animal Molecular Biology National Research Institute of Animal ProductionBalicePoland Vetgenomics SL BarcelonaSpain laboratorio de Biología Molecular y Genómica Hispalis Biolab S.L.U.SevilleSpain laboratoire laBOFARM-GEnIndeXE LOUDEACCedexFrance Genefast SRL ForlìItaly

The probative value of animal forensic genetic evidence relies on laboratory accuracy and ***-laboratory comparisons allow laboratories to evaluate their performance on specific tests and analyses and to continue to monitor their *** International Society for Animal Genetics(ISAG)administered animal forensic comparison tests(AFCTs)in 2016 and 2018 to assess the limitations and capabilities of laboratories offering forensic identification,parentage and species determination *** AFCTs revealed that analyses of low DnA template concentrations(≤300 pg/μL)constitute a significant challenge that has prevented many laboratories from reporting correct identification and parentage ***,a lack of familiarity with species testing protocols,interpretation guidelines and representative databases prevented over a quarter of the participating laboratories from submitting correct species determination *** laboratories showed improvement in their genotyping accuracy over ***,the use of forensically validated standards,such as a standard forensic short tandem repeat(STR)kit,preferably with an allelic ladder,and stricter guidelines for STR typing,may have prevented some common issues from occurring,such as genotyping inaccuracies,missing data,elevated stutter products and loading *** AFCTs underscore the importance of conducting routine forensic comparison tests to allow laboratories to compare results from each *** should keep improving their scientific and technical capabilities and continuously evaluate their personnel’s proficiency in critical techniques such as low copy number(LCn)analysis and species *** this is the first time that the ISAG has conducted comparison tests for forensic testing,findings from these AFCTs may serve as the foundation for continuous improvements of the overall quality of animal forensic genetic testing.

关键词： Forensic sciences forensic genetics comparison test forensic DnA analysis individual identification parentage test species test

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Habitat use in eight populations of Sceloporus grammicus(Squamata:Phrynosomatidae)from the Mexican Plateau

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Integrative Zoology 2017年第3期12卷 198-210页

作者： Adrian LEYTE-MAnRIQUE Uriel HERnÁndeZ-SALInAS Aurelio RAMÍREZ-BAUTISTA Vicente MATA-SILVA Jonathon C.MARSHALL laboratorio de Biología Instituto Tecnológico Superior de SalvatierraSalvatierraGuanajuatoMexico Instituto Politécnico nacional CIIDIR Unidad DurangoSigma 119Fraccionamiento 20 de Noviembre IIDurangoDurango 34220México laboratorio de Ecología de Poblaciones Centro de Investigaciones BiológicasUniversidad Autónoma del Estado de HidalgoKm 4.5 carretera Pachuca-Tulancingo42184Mineral de la ReformaHidalgoMexico department of Biological Sciences The University of Texas at El PasoEl PasoTexasUSA department of Zoology Weber State University1415 Edvalson StreetOgdenUtahUSA

Studies on habitat use have often helped explain observed variation in morphology,behavior and reproductive characteristics among populations within a single *** we analyze morphological and ecological characteristics of individuals from the Sceloporus grammicus species complex from 7 different localities(CER,El Cerezo;PAC,Pachuca;HUI,Huichapan;EZA,Emiliano Zapata;SMR,San Miguel Regla;LMJ,la Mojonera;and LMZ,la Manzana)in the state of Hidalgo,and one locality(Cahuacán)in the State of Mexico.A canonical correspondence analysis(CCA)showed that females from PAC,EZA,LMZ,HUI,SMR and CAH populations use similar microhabitats characterized mostly by bare soil,in females from LMJ and CER use microhabitats characterized primarily by vegetation and *** were observed using 12 different types of *** regard to perch height use,the CCA showed that females from PAC,LMJ,LMZ,SMR,CER and CAH populations were correlated with height to nearest perch(HnP),in the rest of the females were not related to any perch use *** contrast,the CCA showed that males from PAC,LMJ and CAH were characterized by microhabitats with higher vegetal coverage,while males from LMZ and CER used microhabitats composed of bare soil,but males from HUI and SMR populations used microhabitats composed chiefly of bare soil and *** respect to perch height use,the CCA showed that males from PAC,LMJ,EZA and LMZ were correlated with distance to the nearest perch,but the rest of the males were not correlated with any perch use *** were observed in 9 different perch *** males were larger than the females in all morphological variables ***,in both sexes the snout-vent length is positively correlated with all morphological variables,and although both the slope and ordinate of the origin of all morphological variables were larger in males than females,the analysis of covariance indicated that there is no increase in the morphological variables with inc

关键词： canonical correspondence analyses habitat use morphology populations Sceloporus grammicus

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Abundance and harvest strategy of three species of clam (BivalviaVeneridae) located in new fishing banks in the Gulf of California

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2021年第5期6卷 506-512页

作者： Jorge A.López-Rocha Francisco J.Fernández-Rivera Melo Ernesto Gastélum-nava Estefani larios-Castro laboratorio de Análisis Espacial de Zonas Costeras Unidad Multidisciplinaria de Docencia e InvestigaciónFacultad de CienciasUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de M´exicoSisal97356YucatánMexico Comunidad y Biodiversidad A.C Guaymas85448SonoraMexico Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas del noroeste La Paz02320BCSMexico

Clams of the family Veneridae in northwest Mexico have traditionally been exploited by small-scale *** their socioeconomic importance for coastal communities in the region,most catch zones are currently in decline due to a lack of harvest control regulations that would impede the depletion of local fishing *** Puerto Libertad,in the northern reaches of the Gulf of California,banks of commercially unexploited clam species,including Megapitaria aurantiaca,*** and Dosinia ponderosa,were *** adequate management and exploitation of these banks requires developing basic knowledge regarding the abundance of the species and establishing reference points to determine clear,simple harvest *** goal of this study was to identify population abundance in these banks and ascertain the parameters of the life history of the species found there in order to propose a harvest strategy that will allow the sustainable exploitation of this resource.A total of 288 transects were conducted in the two clam banks to identify species *** was determined using a geostatistical *** relative cohort biomass-at-length was estimated to evaluate the effect of different lengths of first capture on the remaining *** on these data,two harvest control regulations were proposed:a maximum catch(Cmax)of 10%of the total estimated biomass,and a minimum optimal catch size(Lc).The abundance estimates were ***(266,293-381,881 individuals);***(2,779,100-3,455,597);and ***(408,783-447,391).The harvest control regulations proposed are:***,Cmax=2.98 t and Lc=50.33 mm;***,Cmax=49.67 t and Lc=103.44 mm;and ***,Cmax=15.87 t and Lc=80.85 *** results are important as reference information for implementing harvest strategies in clam-fishing banks,and as a contribution to the management and sustainable exploitation of fisheries in the region.

关键词： Bivalves Fishery management Population size Sea of cortez Veneridae

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Transcranial direct current stimulation for auditory verbal hallucinations:a systematic review of clinical trials

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neural Regeneration Research 2021年第4期16卷 666-671页

作者： Samaneh Rashidi Myles Jones Eric Murillo-Rodriguez Sergio Machado Youguo Hao Ali Yadollahpour department of Medical Physics School of MedicineAhvaz Jundishapur University of Medical SciencesAhvazIran department of Psychology University of SheffieldSheffieldUK laboratorio de neurociencias Moleculares e Integrativas Escuela de Medicina División Ciencias de la SaludUniversidad Anáhuac MayabMéridaYucatánMéxico laboratory of Physical Activity neuroscience Physical Activity Sciences Postgraduate ProgramSalgado de Oliveira UniversityNiteróiBrazil department of Rehabilitation Shanghai Putuo People’s HospitalShanghaiChina

Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been reportedly beneficial for different neurodegenerative *** has been reported as a potential adjunctive or alternative treatment for auditory verbal hallucination(AVH).This study aims to review the effects of tDCS on AVH in patients with schizophrenia through combining the evidence from randomized clinical trials(RCTs).The databases of PsycInFO(2000–2019),PubMed(2000–2019),EMBASE(2000–2019),CInAHL(2000–2019),Web of Science(2000–2019),and Scopus(2000–2019)were systematically *** clinical trials with RCT design were selected for final analysis.A total of nine RCTs were eligible and included in the *** RCTs were included in the final *** them,six RCTs reported a significant reduction of AVH after repeated sessions of tDCS,whereas three RCTs did not show any advantage of active tDCS over sham *** current studies showed an overall decrease of approximately 28%of AVH after active tDCS and 10%after sham *** tDCS protocols targeting the sensorimotor frontal-parietal network showed greater treatment effects compared with the protocols targeting other *** this regard,cathodal tDCS over the left temporoparietal area showed inhibitory effects on *** most effective tDCS protocol on AVHs was twice-daily sessions(2 mA,20-minute duration)over 5 consecutive days(10 sessions)with the anode over the left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and the cathode over the left temporal *** patient-specific and diseasespecific factors such as young age,nonsmoking status,and higher frequencies of AVHs seemed to be the predictors of treatment *** together,the results of tDCS as an alternative treatment option for AVH show controversy among current literatures,since not all studies were ***,the studies targeting the same site of the brain showed that the tDCS could be a promising treatment option to reduce *** RCTs,with larger sample sizes,should be con

关键词： auditory verbal hallucinations dorsolateral prefrontal cortex effective protocol randomized clinical trial,schizophrenia temporoparietal area transcranial direct current stimulation treatment efficacy

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Altered Expression of Aromatase, Estrogen Receptors and Progesterone Receptors in Human Leydig Cell Hyperplasia

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Advances in Bioscience and Biotechnology 2015年第1期6卷 1-10页

作者： Candela Rocío González Pablo Ignacio Felipe Inserra Claudio Terradas Roberto Ponzio Elisa Puigdomenech Oscar Levalle Alfredo Daniel Vitullo Ricardo Saúl Calandra Silvia Ines Gonzalez-Calvar Research Center of Biomedical Biotechnology Environmental and Diagnostic Studies Maimónides University Buenos Aires Argentina División Endocrinología Hospital Durand Buenos Aires Argentina Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina Instituto Medico PREFER Calle 995 No 2348 San Martin Argentina laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular de la reproducción Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (CONICET) Buenos Aires Argentina laboratorio de Endocrinología Molecular de la reproducción Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental (CONICET) Facultad de Medicina Universidad de Buenos Aires Buenos Aires Argentina

Testicular function is regulated by pituitary hormones and also by paracrine and autocrine factors. A number of reports have pointed out the importance of estrogens and progesterone in male reproductive tract. Recently, we have reported in testicular biopsies from men with Sertoli Cell Only Syndrome (SCO) or Hypospermatogenesis (H) with Leydig cell hyperplasia (LCH) an increase in the expression of the TGFB1 and its receptors ALK1 and endoglin, which are involved in the proliferation of Leydig cells. The aim of the present work was to analyze the expression of aromatase, estrogen and progesterone receptors (ERs, PR) in pathological testicular biopsies with SCO or H with and without LCH. The ERs and CYP19 proteins were detected in the Leydig cells from all pathological biopsies analyzed. Biopsies with SCO or H with LCH showed an increment in the immunostaining of CYP19 and ERs in the Leydig cells respect to biopsies without LCH. The gene expression of CYP19 was increased in SCO or H biopsies with LCH respect to SCO and H biopsies without LCH. PR was localized in Leydig cells and showed a significant increment in biopsies with LCH respect from biopsies without LCH. The gene expression of both PRA and PRB was increased in biopsies with LCH respect to biopsies without LCH. In concussion, alterations in the gene expression of aromatase, ERs, and PR and the likely interactions of these systems with locally produced factors such as growth factors and cytokines, might lead to Leydig cell proliferation in testicular pathology.

关键词： Aromatase Progesterone Estrogen Leydig

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Tailoring thermoelectric properties of Zr(0.43)Hf(0.57)niSn half-Heusler compound by defect engineering

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Rare Metals 2020年第6期39卷 659-670页

作者： Krzysztof Galazka Wenjie Xie Sascha Populoh Myriam H.Aguirre Songhak Yoon Gesine Büttner Anke Weidenkaff Institute of Plasma Physics and laser Microfusion Warsaw 01-497Poland department of Materials Science Technische Universitat DarmstadtDarmstadt 64287Germany laboratory for Solid State Chemistry and Catalysis EmpaDlibendorf 8600Switzerland Instituto de nanociencia de Aragon Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain departamento de Fisica de la Materia Condensada Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50009Spain laboratorio de Microscopias Avanzadas Universidad de ZaragozaSaragossa 50018Spain Fraunhofer Research Institution for Materials Recycling and Resource Strategies IWKS Hanau 63457Germany

The thermoelectric transport properties of Zr0.43Hf0.57 niSn half-Heusler compounds were investigated for samples sintered with different spark plasma sintering(SPS)periods:8,32 and 72 *** means of scanning transmission electron microscopy with a highangular annular dark-field detector(STEM-HAADF),it was found that sintering time affected the defect concentration,namely the amount of ni interstitial atoms,and created locally ordered inclusions of full-Heusler *** structural information,phase composition and electrical transport properties could be consistently explained by the assumption that ni interstitials give rise to an impurity band situated about 100 meV below the bottom of the conduction band via a self-doping *** impurity band was found to merge with the conduction band for the sample with intermediate SPS *** effect was ascribed to the gradual dissolution of full-Heusler phase inclusions and production of interstitial ni defects,which eventually vanished for the sample with the longest sintering *** was demonstrated that the modification of the density of states near the edge of the conduction band and enhanced overall charge carrier concentration provided by defect engineering led to overall 26%increase in the thermoelectric figure of merit(ZT)with respect to the other samples.

关键词： Thermoelectric Half-Heusler Interstitial defect engineering

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