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Changes in chemical composition,structural and functional microbiome during alfalfa(Medicago sativa)ensilage with Lactobacillus plantarum PS-8

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Animal Nutrition 2022年第2期9卷 100-109页

作者： Lijun You Weichen Bao Caiqing Yao Feiyan Zhao Hao Jin Weiqiang Huang Bohai Li Lai-Yu Kwok Wenjun Liu key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Dairy Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot010018China

Improving silage production by adding exogenous microorganisms not only maximizes nutrient preservation,but also extends product shelf life.Herein,changes in the quality and quantity of Lactobacillus plantarum PS-8(PS-8)-inoculated alfalfa(Medicago sativa)during silage fermentation were monitored at d 0,7,14,and 28(inoculum dose of PS-8 was 1105 colony forming units[cfu]/g fresh weight;50 kg per bag;10 bags for each time point)by reconstructing metagenomic-assembled genomes(MAG)and Growth Rate InDex(GRiD).Our results showed that the exogenous starter bacterium,PS-8 inoculation,became the most dominating strain by d 7,and possibly played a highly active role throughout the fermentation process.The pH value of the silage decreased greatly,accompanied by the growth of acidproducing microorganisms namely PS-8,which inhibited the growth of harmful microorganisms like molds(4.18 vs.1.42 log cfu/g)and coliforms(4.95 vs.0.66 log most probable number[MPN]/g).The content of neutral detergent fiber(NDF)decreased significantly(41.6%vs.37.6%;dry matter basis).In addition,the abundance and diversity of genes coding microbial carbohydrate-active enzymes(CAZymes)increased significantly and desirably throughout the fermentation,particularly the genes responsible for degrading starch,arabino-xylan,and cellulose.Overall,our results showed that PS-8 was replicating rapidly and consistently during early-and mid-fermentation phases,promoting the growth of beneficial lactic acid bacteria and inhibiting undesirable microbes,ultimately improving the quality of silage.

关键词： Lactobacillus plantarum PS-8 Alfalfa silage Lactic acid bacteria Microbiota community Metagenomic-assembled genome

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SMRT sequencing and ddPCR reveal the complexity of developmental trajectories and temporal dynamics of gut bifidobacterial communities in infants

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第5期12卷 1743-1750页

作者： Xu Gao Tao Zhang Xiaoye Bai Qiannan Wen Dongyu Li Lai-Yu Kwok Heping Zhang Zhihong Sun key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationKey Laboratory of Dairy Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and EngineeringInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

Infant intestinal microbiome is closely linked with health and risk of disease. Bifidobacterium are important components of the infant gut and are known to confer various health effects on the host. However, few studies have described the precise composition and dynamics of early infant gut bifidobacterial communities. Thus, this was a pilot study aiming to describe the developmental trajectories and temporal dynamics of bifidobacterial communities in infants before 6 months of age. A total of 28 fecal samples from 4 infants(GF, ZZ, QM, TN, respectively)were collected and analyzed after 5, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, and 180 days of birth by a bifidobacteria-target method(based on single-molecule real-time sequencing of partial bifidobacterial rpsK genes)in conjunction with droplet digital polymerase chain reaction(ddPCR). The infant fecal microbiota comprised a total of 11 bifidobacterial species, including 4 major species, i.e., B. dentium(37.35%), B. catenulatum(32.04%), B. breve(22.24%), and B. animalis(8.02%). The infant microbiota showed highly individualized developmental trajectories. The leading species for GF was B. catenulatum, with a relatively stable developmental trajectory. In ZZ, B. breve was enriched, and the developmental trajectory was rather fluctuating. The most abundant species for QM and TN was B. dentium. The developmental trajectory of B. dentium in QM showed a trend of gradual decrease, whereas an opposite trend was seen in samples of TN. The results of ddPCR confirmed large variations in quantities of bifidobacteria between infants and suggested discordances in temporal dynamics of bifidobacterial communities during the first half year of infancy. In conclusion, our results suggested that the early infant gut bifidobacterial microbiota was highly complex and temporal dynamics, with individualized developmental trajectories, which should be considered in future research of infant gut microbiota.

关键词： Infants Gut microbiota Bifidobacterium Diversity Single-molecule real-time(SMRT)sequencing Droplet digital polymerase chain reaction

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Characterization of a novel Bacillus methylotrophicus phage BM-P1

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Food Quality and Safety 2023年第2期7卷 267-276页

作者： Ruirui Lv Ming Xu She Guo Jingwei Yao Hafiz Arbab Sakandar Jing Guo Can Zhang Xia Chen Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and EngineeringMinistry of EducationKey Laboratory o Dairy Products ProcessingMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Key Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Hohhot 010018China

Bacillus species have been widely used as probiotics in a number of food products.However,these are vulnerable to bacteriophage infections,which poses fermentation failure and eventually result in economic losses.Given this,we designed this study in which the bacteriophage of lysogenic Bacillus methylotrophicus,phage BM-P1,was induced successfully,and its biological characteristics and genome information were researched.The obtained results showed that phage BM-P1 belonged to Myoviridae family.The maximum number of infections for this phage was 10,with a burst size of 104.48±2.70 counts expressed per milliter per infective center.Additionally,this phage was temperature-and pH-sensitive and divalent ions(Ca2+,Mg2+)and chloramphenicol did not have a significant influence on its adsorption capacity.Genomic analysis revealed that the genome size of phage BM-P1 was 153087 bp with 41.94%GC content,including 258 coding sequences.Furthermore,52 bac-teriophages of Bacillus were classified into two clades by using phylogenetic analysis.Among them,phage BM-P1 with phage VB_BsuM-Goe3 and vB_BveM-Goe7 had the highest average nucleotide identity values,95.23%and 95.28%,respectively.However,synteny analysis revealed transposition,deletion,and insertion in the genome of BM-P1.Considering this,it could be extrapolated that this phage is a new lysogenic phage.In conclusion,this study furthers the knowledge on the properties of B.methylotrophicus phages and provides seminal insights for designingeffective antiphage strategiesforfermentation industry.

关键词： Bacillus methylotrophicus phage morphology resistance adsorption whole genome

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Assessment of microbial community structure in human colostrum and mature milk based on geographical location and delivery mode

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Science Bulletin 2017年第11期62卷 745-747页

作者： Xiaoxia Xi Weiqiang Huang Qiangchuan Hou Lai-Yu Kwok Zhihong Sun Tiansong Sun Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of AgricultureInner Mongolia Agricultural University

Breast milk is the most suitable food for the growth and development of infants because it fulfills all the nutritional requirements at this growth stage^([1]).In addition,the wide range of bioactive compounds in milk exerts numerous beneficial effects to infants,including immune system development,protection from infections and metabolism regulation^([2]).

关键词：微生物群落结构地理位置成熟乳评价初乳分娩生物活性物质营养需求

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自然发酵乳中乳酸菌种内微观多样性及其生态驱动因素

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Science Bulletin 2023年第20期68卷 2405-2417,M0005,M0006页

作者：尤利军靳昊郭丽如吕瑞瑞赵志鑫孟和毕力格孙志宏刘文俊张和平 Inner Mongolia key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

自然发酵乳制品的制作和食用已有数千年历史,其中蕴藏的微生物资源经历了千年的选择与进化,形成了稳定、可遗传的微观生态体系,但是该体系的形成原因和驱动因素尚不清楚.本研究采用培养组学技术和宏基因组学技术对来自5个国家12个地区... 详细信息

自然发酵乳制品的制作和食用已有数千年历史,其中蕴藏的微生物资源经历了千年的选择与进化,形成了稳定、可遗传的微观生态体系,但是该体系的形成原因和驱动因素尚不清楚.本研究采用培养组学技术和宏基因组学技术对来自5个国家12个地区的12份自然发酵乳制品样本中的乳酸菌微观多样性及其驱动因素进行了系统性的研究.本研究分离并测序了717株代表性的乳酸菌菌株,对自然发酵乳样本进行了深度宏基因组测序,并对其中的214株瑞士乳杆菌、97株乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种和325株德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种进行了系统发育关系的分析.研究发现,同一样本中的乳酸菌菌株具有高度的种内异质性(每个样本平均含有2418~4382个单核苷酸多态性),在进化角度上被分为2~8个进化谱系.绝大多数谱系的碳水化合物和蛋白水解功能具有显著差异.通过对种内特异性基因进行溯源,发现23.93%~53.70%的基因发生水平基因转移事件.此外,样品的微生物组成与各个物种/亚种的核苷酸多样性呈显著负相关关系(r=-0.65,P<0.008).综上所述,本研究发现自然发酵乳种群组成及遗传物质交流是该微观体系的驱动因素,也为自然发酵乳制品的微生物研究提供了生态学见解.

关键词：自然发酵乳德氏乳杆菌保加利亚亚种乳酸乳球菌乳酸亚种发酵乳制品瑞士乳杆菌乳酸菌种水平基因转移宏基因组学

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Effects of probiotics and its fermented milk on constipation: a systematic review

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第6期12卷 2124-2134页

作者： Jiaming Yan Meiling Wu Wei Zhao Lai-Yu Kwok Wenyi Zhang key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of AgricultureInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

This study reviewed clinical evidence of probiotics-mediated effects on constipation.Four databases were used in the literature searches,namely Cochrane Library,Embase,Pubmed,and Web of Science.The last retrieval time was March 2021.Collected data were analyzed by Review Manager(version 5.3)and Stata(version 14).The primary search retrieved 8418 articles after removing duplicates.Eventually,26 studies were included in the meta-analysis.Administration of probiotics signifi cantly increased stool frequency(MD:1.15 times/week;95%CI:0.59 to 1.70;Pothers(tablets,powder)>fermented milk.

关键词： Constipation Probiotics Fermented milk Meta-analysis Dosage form

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Spraying compound probiotics improves growth performance and immunity and modulates gut microbiota and blood metabolites of suckling piglets

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2023年第5期66卷 1092-1107页

作者： Weiqiang Huang Teng Ma Yiqun Liu Lai-Yu Kwok Yalin Li Hao Jin Feiyan Zhao Xin Shen Xuan Shi Zhihong Sun Heping Zhang Inner Mongolia key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

One factor that shapes the establishment of early neonatal intestinal microbiota is environmental microbial exposure,and probiotic application has been shown to promote health and growth of piglets.Thus,this study hypothesized that environmental probiotic application in early days of life would be beneficial to newborn piglets.This study aimed to investigate the effect of spraying a compound probiotic fermented liquid(CPFL)into the living environment of piglets on their early growth performance and immunity.This work included 68 piglets,which were randomized into probiotic and control groups.Blood and fecal samples were collected at 0,3,7,14,and 21 days of age.Spraying CPFL significantly reshaped the microbiota composition of the delivery room environment,increased piglets’daily weight gain and weaning weight(P<0.001),and modulated piglets’serum cytokine levels(increases in Ig A,Ig G,and IL-10;decrease in IFN-γ;P<0.05 in each case)in piglets.Additionally,spraying CPFL during early days of life modified piglets’gut microbiota structure and diversity,increased the abundance of some potentially beneficial bacteria(such as Bacteroides uniformis,Butyricimonas virosa,Parabacteroides distasonis,and Phascolarctobacterium succinatutens)and decreased the abundance of Escherichia coli(P<0.05).Interestingly,CPFL application also significantly enhanced the gut microbial bioactive potential and levels of several serum metabolites involved in the metabolism of vitamins(B2,B3,B6,and E),medium/long-chain fatty acids(caproic,tetradecanoic,and peptadecanoic acids),and dicarboxylic acids(azelaic and sebacic acids).Our study demonstrated that spraying CPFL significantly could improve piglets’growth performance and immunity,and the beneficial effects are associated with changes in the gut microbiota and host metabolism.Our study has provided novel data for future development of probiotic-based health-promoting strategies and expanded our knowledge of probiotic application in animal husbandry.

关键词： compound probiotic fermented liquid gut microbiota immunity piglets serum metabolites

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Colloidal nanoparticles prepared from zein and casein:interactions,characterizations and emerging food applications

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年第2期12卷 337-350页

作者： Yi Wang Wusigale Yangchao Luo Department of Nutritional Sciences University of ConnecticutStorrs 06269USAKey Laboratory of Dairy Biotechnology and EngineeringMinistry of Education Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

Protein colloidal nanoparticles(NPs)are ubiquitous present in nature and function as building blocks with multiple functions in both food formulations and biological processes.Food scientists are inspired by naturally occurring proteins to induce self-assembly behavior of protein by manipulating environmental parameters,providing opportunities to construct special and expected NPs.Zein and casein,the main proteins derived from corn and milk,are two examples of the most prevalently studied food proteins for nanoarchitectures in recent years.In this article,the compositions,structures,and physicochemical properties of these two proteins and casein derivatives are summarized as well as their interactions and characterizations.Strategies to fabricate zein-sodium caseinate based NPs are critically highlighted and illustrated.Particularly,applications such as encapsulation and delivery of bioactive compounds,producing food packaging for enhanced antioxidative and antimicrobial effects,and stabilization of emulsions to achieve fat replacement.Due to the imperative role of food proteins in diet composition,this review not only provides cutting-edge knowledge for nanoparticle construction but also opens new avenues for efficient utilization and exploitation of food proteins.

关键词： Zein Casein Nanoparticles Interactions Applications

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发酵乳的演进脉络分析

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Science Bulletin 2022年第16期67卷 1625-1627页

作者： Hafiz Arbab Sakandar 张和平 key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of EducationInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsInner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China Inner Mongolia key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural UniversityHohhot 010018China

Humans are often curious about why and how early humans had given up raw food in diet?And which came into being first,cooking or fermentation?It was posited,based on the skull and jaw structure,that early hominids spent a lot of time eating food vis-a-vis Homo sapiens.Around 2 million years ago,a significant change occurred,and Homo species started spending less time chewing food,implying that they abandoned eating raw food and started utilizing fire as a tool[1].One possibility could be that they started eating cooked food because it was relatively tender and easy to digest.However,it would require a pot,an oven,or a pit to cook or live near volcanoes.If these were not available then,fermentation could be a robust possibility for this change as it tenders the food,develops fascinating flavor,and stymies putrefaction.

关键词： cooking 发酵乳 utilizing

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Comparative genomic analysis revealed that dietary habits affected the adaptation of Bifidobacterium bifidum to the intestinal tract in different geographic populations

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2023年

作者： Min Li Jie Yu Weicheng Li Qiong Wu Jiaqi Sun Zhihong Sun Inner Mongolia key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Inner Mongolia Agricultural University key laboratory of dairy Biotechnology and Engineering Ministry of Education Inner Mongolia Agricultural University Key Laboratory of Dairy Products Processing Ministry of Agriculture Inner Mongolia Agricultural University

Recent research on the genome of Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) has mainly focused on the isolation sources (intestinal tract niche) recently， but the reports on isolation region are limited. This study analyzed the differences in the genome of B. bifidum isolated from different geographical populations by comparative genomic analysis. Results at the genome level indicated that the GC content of American isolates was significantly higher than that of Chinese and Russian isolates. The phylogenetic tree based on 919 core genes showed that B. bifidum might be related to the geographical characteristics of isolation region. Furthermore， functional annotation analysis further demonstrated that copy numbers of carbohydrate-active enzymes (CAZys) involved in degradation of polysaccharide from plant and host sources in B. bifidum were high， and 18 CAZys showed significant differences in different geographical populations， indicating that B. bifidum had adapted to the human intestinal environment， especially in the groups rich in dietary fibers， and dietary habits were one of the main reasons for the differences of B. bifidum in different geographical populations. Additionally， B. bifidum had high diversity， manifested in glycoside hydrolases (GHs)， the CRISPR-Cas system， and prophages. This study provided a genetic basis for further research and development of B. bifidum.

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