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Journal of Geographical sciences 2025年第1期35卷 189-212页

作者： LIU Meiying MIN Leilei WU Lin ZHANG Yucui QI Yongqing WANG Shiqin LIU Binbin GENG Di SHEN Yanjun Hebei Key Laboratory of Water-Saving Agriculture Key Laboratory of Agricultural Water ResourcesCenter for Agricultural Resources ResearchInstitute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyCAS School of Advanced Agricultural sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Nitrate （NO3-） accumulation and transport processes in the thick vadose zone affect the evolution of the groundwater NO3-content in intensive agricultural *** land-use change （ALUC）,typically accompanied by substantial alterations in nitrogen fertilizer application and irrigation practices,is an important influencing *** study evaluated the changes in NO3-accumulation and transport in the deep vadose zone （DVZ,below the root zone）,and the groundwater NO3-content associated with ALUC from grain to vegetable fields in the North china Plain （NCP）.The ALUC from grain to vegetable resulted in nitrate–nitrogen （NO3--N） accumulation in DVZ increased by 235.5 kg ha-1m-1（163.2%） in the piedmont plain and 224.9 kg ha-1m-1（102.7%） in the central plain,*** change accelerated downward transport velocity in the DVZ (from 0.81±0.47 to 0.89±0.55 m yr-1in the piedmont plain,and from 0.24±0.12 to 0.92±0.12 m yr-1in the central plain) and increased NO3-leaching *** transport velocity and leaching fluxes resulted in chemical N-fertilizer entering the aquifer in several areas in the piedmont *** impact of the agricultural activity intensity changes,accompanied by the ALUC,on groundwater quantity and quality should be considered in similar regions.

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Unlocking the potential of spatial transcriptomics with custom microfluidic chips

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Science china Life sciences 2025年

作者： Bingqi Wu Yuan Gao china National Center for Bioinformation Beijing institute of Genomics Chinese Academy of Sciences University of chinese academy of sciences

Spatial transcriptomics technique detects RNA sequences (St?hl et al.,2016) and quantifies their expression in the positional context (Ke et al.,2013),which can provide important information such as cell heterogeneity,cell developmental trajectory,differential gene expression between tissue regions or *** date,it is becoming a powerful tool for exploring tumorigenesis (Ren et al.,2023),cerebral neurodevelopment (Shi et al.,2023),embryonic development(Arutyunyan et al.,2023),and other biological ***-dimensional(3D) spatial transcriptome typically requires stacking multiple tissue slices to obtain a 3D atlas (Schott et al.,2024);therefore it prefers a method that meets high throughput,large sample sizes,and affordable cost to cover large regions of the ***,the lack of a single method that meets all of these requirements limits large-scale application of 3D spatial transcriptomics.

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Relationship Between developmental Intensity of Landslide and Malan Loess Cohesion at a Regional Horizontal Space Scale

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年

作者： Yongheng Zhou Yaming Tang Bo Hong Fan Feng Longhui Wang institute of Geological Survey， china University of Geosciences (Wuhan) institute of Earth Environment， chinese academy of sciences Xi'an Geological Survey Center china Geological Survey chinese academy of Geological sciences

Malan loess is highly water-sensitive， with its shear strength， particularly cohesive strength， significantly decreasing under the influence of water. The Western Shanxi Loess Plateau （WSLP） is especially prone to loess landslides， which are closely linked to rainfall infiltration. Understanding the regional variation of Malan loess cohesion (cm) and its distribution in relation to the developmental intensity of landslides in this area can provide essential scientific evidence for effective landslide prevention. Loess landslides and Malan loess were selected as the objects of study for the current research. The regional variation and distribution pattern of the cmwere revealed through undisturbed loess direct shear tests and Inverse Distance Weighting （IDW） interpolation. The relationship between the developmental intensity of landslide and the regional variation of the cmwas explored using the Cumulative Sum Variable Dimension Fractal （CSVDF）， Frequency Ratio （FR） model， and Certainty Factor （CF） model. The following conclusions were drawn: Results from the direct shear tests and IDW method indicate that the cmtends to decrease from south to north and exhibits a positively skewed spatial distribution pattern. The CSVDF results indicates a similarity between the regional variation of the cmand the development intensity of loess landslides. The FR and CF results reveal that loess landslides are more likely to occur when the cmis between 0 and 16.14 kPa.

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Transgenic Crops:An Option for Future Agriculture

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Journal of Integrative Plant biology 2011年第7期53卷 510-511页

作者： Wei-Cai Yang Jianmin Wan issue editor institute of genetics and developmental biology chinese academy of sciences china issue editor institute of Crop Science chinese academy of Agriculture sciences china

The world population is projected to reach seven billion at the end of year 2011, with an increase of 1 billion from year 2000 to 2011. Currently, Asia alone accounts for about 60% of the world population. china and India together account for over 36%. It will be, undoubtedly, quite challenging to feed the increasing population of the world. On the other hand, the world＇s arable land will not increase and most likely it will reduce due to industrial development and urbanization in developing countries. On the other hand, global warming and climate changes,

关键词： Transgenic Crops Agriculture

Epigenetics in the modern era of crop improvements

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Science china Life sciences 2025年

作者： Yan Xue Xiaofeng Cao Xiangsong Chen Xian Deng Xingwang Deng Yong Ding Aiwu Dong Chengguo Duan Xiaofeng Fang Lei Gong Zhizhong Gong Xiaofeng Gu Chongsheng He Hang He Shengbo He Xinjian He Yan He Yuehui He Guifang Jia Danhua Jiang Jianjun Jiang Jinsheng Lai Zhaobo Lang Chenlong Li Qing Li Xingwang Li Bao Liu Bing Liu Xiao Luo Yijun Qi Weiqiang Qian Guodong Ren Qingxin Song Xianwei Song Zhixi Tian Jiawei Wang Yuan Wang Liang Wu Zhe Wu Rui Xia Jun Xiao Lin Xu Zhengyi Xu Wenhao Yan Hongchun Yang Jixian Zhai Yijing Zhang Yusheng Zhao Xuehua Zhong Daoxiu Zhou Ming Zhou Yue Zhou Bo Zhu Jiankang Zhu Qikun Liu College of Life sciences Institute of Life Science and Green Development Hebei University Biotechnology Research institute Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences College of biology Hunan Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation Hunan Engineering and Technology Research Center of Hybrid Rapeseed Hunan University institute of Advanced Agricultural sciences School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Peking University State Key Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Subtropical Agro-Bioresources Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture South China Agricultural University National institute of Biological sciences Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences School of Advanced Agricultural sciences Peking-Tsinghua Center for Life Sciences Peking University Synthetic and Functional Biomolecules Center Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry and Molecular Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering Peking University Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation State Key Laboratory of Plant Genomics and National Center for Plant Gene Research Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology Chinese Academy of Sciences State Key Laboratory of Wheat Improvement Peking University Institute of Advanced Agricultural Sciences Shandong Laboratory of Advanced Agricultural Sciences in Weifang State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Adaptation and Improvement School of Life Sciences Henan University State Key Laboratory of Maize Bio-breeding National Maize Improvement Center Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding China Agricultural University Frontiers Science Center for Molecular Design Breeding China Agricultural University Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding China Agricultural University Sanya institute of china Agricultural University Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Laboratory institute of Advan

Epigenetic mechanisms are integral to plant growth, development, and adaptation to environmental stimuli. Over the past two decades,our comprehension of these complex regulatory processes has expanded remarkably, producing a substantial body of knowledge on both locus-specific mechanisms and genome-wide regulatory patterns. Studies initially grounded in the model plant Arabidopsis have been broadened to encompass a diverse array of crop species, revealing the multifaceted roles of epigenetics in physiological and agronomic traits. With recent technological advancements, epigenetic regulations at the single-cell level and at the large-scale population level are emerging as new focuses. This review offers an in-depth synthesis of the diverse epigenetic regulations, detailing the catalytic machinery and regulatory functions. It delves into the intricate interplay among various epigenetic elements and their collective influence on the modulation of crop traits. Furthermore, it examines recent breakthroughs in technologies for epigenetic modifications and their integration into strategies for crop improvement. The review underscores the transformative potential of epigenetic strategies in bolstering crop performance, advocating for the development of efficient tools to fully exploit the agricultural benefits of epigenetic insights.

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TRMT6 and TRMT61A facilitated acute pancreatitis severity via regulation of neutrophil function

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Science china Life sciences 2025年

作者： Yuan Dong Li Su Sin Man Lam Cen Yan Yalan Deng Guotao Lu Jinkui Yang Guanghou Shui Yingmei Feng Beijing institute of Hepatology Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical University Department of Science and Development Beijing Youan HospitalCapital Medical University Laboratory for Clinical Medicine Capital Medical University Neuroscience Research institute Peking University Center of Medical and Health AnalysisPeking University State Key Laboratory of Molecular developmental biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of Sciences Pancreatic Center Department of GastroenterologyAffiliated Hospital of Yangzhou UniversityYangzhou University Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care Department of EndocrinologyBeijing Tongren HospitalCapital Medical University

Dear editor,Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been identified as a risk factor for increased severity in acute pancreatitis (AP)(Mikóet al,2018).However,to date,no studies have simultaneously included healthy individuals,T2DM patients,and AP patients to investigate which diabetes-associated metabolites are linked to AP severity.

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Pollen-expressed RLCKs control pollen tube burst

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Plant Communications 2024年第8期5卷 147-156页

作者： Yin-Jiao Xu Ting Luo Peng-Min Zhou Wei-Qi Wang Wei-Cai Yang Hong-Ju Li Center for developmental biology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Center for Molecular Agrobiology Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Key Laboratory of Seed Innovation Institute of Genetics and Developmental BiologyChinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina

In angiosperms,the pollen tube enters the receptive synergid cell,where it ruptures to release its cytoplasm along with two sperm *** interaction is complex,and the exact signal transducers that trigger the bursting of pollen tubes are not well *** this study,we identify three homologous receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases(RLCKs)expressed in pollen tubes of Arabidopsis,Delayed Burst 1/2/3(DEB1/2/3),which play a crucial role in this *** genes produce proteins localized on the plasma membrane,and their knockout causes delayed pollen tube burst and entrance of additional pollen tubes into the embryo sac due to fertilization *** show that DEBs interact with the Ca^(2+)pump ACA9,influencing the dynamics of cytoplasmic Ca^(2+)in pollen tubes through *** results highlight the importance of DEBs as key signal transducers and the critical function of the DEB-ACA9 axis in timely pollen tube burst in synergids.

关键词： Pollen tube burst RLCKs Calcium signaling/transport Double fertilization

Cloning of genomic DNA of rice 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase gene and chromosomal localization of the gene

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Science china(Life sciences) 2002年第3期45卷 251-259页

作者：徐军望常团结冯德江朱祯李旭刚 institute of genetics and developmental biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

The shikimate pathway enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase (EPSPs) is the target of nonselective herbicide glyphosate. A partial rice epsps cDNA was generated by RT-PCR with primers designed according to EST sequence in GenBank and used as probe for rice genomic library screening. In a screen of approximately 8.0×104 clones from the rice genomic library, sixteen positive clones were obtained, which strongly hybridized to the probe. One clone, E11, was selected for further analysis and the full-length 3661 bp rice epsps genomic sequence was obtained. Sequence analysis and homologous comparison revealed that epsps gene is composed of 8 exons and 7 introns. Analysis by restriction fragment length polymorphism with the probe of rice epsps cDNA fragment confirmed that rice epsps is located on chromosome 6 with an indica-japonica (ZYQ8-JX17) double-haploid (DH) population. This is the first report on the EPSP synthase from monocotyledons.

关键词： S-enolpyruvylshikimate 3-phosphate synthase gene isolation DNA sequence Chromosomal locating.

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Arabidopsis RAV1 is down-regulated by brassinosteroid and may act as a negative regulator during plant development

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Cell Research 2004年第1期14卷 8-15页

作者： Yu Xin HU~*, Yong Hong WANG~*, Xin Fang LIU, Jia Yang LI~(**) institute of genetics and developmental biology, chinese academy of sciences, Beijing 100101, china. institute of genetics and developmental biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

RAV1 is a novel DNA-binding protein with two distinct DNA-binding domains unique in higher plants, but its role in plant growth and development remains unknown. Using cDNA array, we found that transcription of RAV1 is downregulated by epibrassinolide (epiBL) in Arabidopsis suspension cells. RNA gel blot analysis revealed that epiBL-regulated RAV1 transcription involves neither protein phosphorylation/dephosphorylation nor newly synthesized protein, and does not require the functional BRI1, suggesting that this regulation might be through a new BR signaling pathway. Overexpressing RAV1 in Arabidopsis results in a retardation of lateral root and rosette leaf development, and the underexpression causes an earlier flowering phenotype, implying that RAV1 may function as a negative regulatory component of growth and development.

关键词： RAV1 Brassinosteroid signal transduction Arabidopsis thaliana.

Identification of salt-stress responsive genes in rice(Oryza sativa L.)by cDNA array

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Science china(Life sciences) 2002年第5期45卷 477-484页

作者：何新建张劲松陈建权陈受宜张志刚 institute of genetics and developmental biology Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China

To identify salt stress-responsive genes, we constructed a cDNA library with the salt-tolerant rice cultivar, Lansheng. About 15000 plasmids were extracted and dotted on filters with Biomeck 2000 HDRT system or by hand. Thirty genes were identified to display altered expression levels responding to 150 mmol/L NaCI. Among them eighteen genes were up-regulated and the remainders down-regulated. Twenty-seven genes have their homologous genes in Gen-Bank Databases. The expression of twelve genes was studied by Northern analysis. Based on the functions, these genes can be classified into five categories, including photosynthesis-related gene, transport-related gene, metabolism-related gene, stress- or resistance-related gene and the others with various functions. The results showed that salt stress influenced many aspects of rice growth. Some of these genes may play important roles in plant salt tolerance.

关键词： cDNA array, stress, salt responsive gene, rice.

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