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The risk of mpox importation and subsequent outbreak potential in Chinese mainland: a retrospective statistical modelling study

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2024年第1期13卷 63-73页

作者： Xiaowei Deng Yuyang Tian Junyi Zoul Juan Yang Kaiyuan Sun Hongjie Yu school of Public Health Key Laboratory of Public Health SafetyMinistry of EducationFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Division of international Epidemiology and Population Studies Fogarty International CenterNational Institutes of HealthBethesdaMDUSA

Background The 2022-2023 mpox(monkeypox)outbreak has spread rapidly across multiple countries in the non-endemic region,mainly among men who have sex with men(MSM).In this study,we aimed to evaluate mpox's importation risk,border screening effectiveness and the risk of local outbreak in Chinese mainland.Methods We estimated the risk of mpox importation in Chinese mainland from April 14 to September 11,2022 using the number of reported mpox cases during this multi-country outbreak from Global.health and the international air-travel data from Official Aviation Guide.We constructed a probabilistic model to simulate the effectiveness of a border screening scenario during the mpox outbreak and a hypothetical scenario with less stringent quarantine requirement.And we further evaluated the mpox outbreak potential given that undetected mpox infections were introduced into men who have sex with men,considering different transmissibility,population immunity and population activity.Results We found that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy decreased about 94% and 69% mpox importations respectively.Under the quarantine policy,15-19% of imported infections would remain undetected.Once a case of mpox is introduced into active MSM population with almost no population immunity,the risk of triggering local transmission is estimated at 42%,and would rise to>95% with over six cases.Conclusions Our study demonstrates that the reduced international air-travel volume and stringent border entry policy during the COvID-19 pandemic reduced mpox importations prominently.However,the risk could be sub-stantially higher with the recovery of air-travel volume to pre-pandemic level.Mpox could emerge as a public health threat for Chinese mainland given its large MSM community.

关键词： Mpox(Monkeypox) Importation risk international air travel Statistical modelling Men who have sex with men

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Recent progress about transmission electron microscopy characterizations on lithium-ion batteries

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第8期95卷 39-56页

作者： Yihang Liu Qiuyun Li Ziqiang Wang Institute of Materials Research Shenzhen International Graduate School Tsinghua University

With the rapid development of portable electronics, new energy vehicles, and smart grids, ion batteries are becoming one of the most widely used energy storage devices, while the safety concern of ion batteries has always been an urgent problem to be solved. To develop a safety-guaranteed battery, the characterization of the internal structure is indispensable, where electron microscopy plays a crucial role. Based on this, this paper summarizes the application of transmission electron microscopy(TEM) in battery safety, further concludes and analyzes the aspects of dendrite growth and solid electrolyte interface(SEI) formation that affect the safety of ion batteries, and emphasizes the importance of electron microscopy in battery safety research and the potential of these techniques to promote the future development of this field. These advanced electron microscopy techniques and their prospects are also discussed.

关键词： Dendrites Electron microscopy characterizations Lithium-ion batteries SEI

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Confinement of ionomer for electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction via efficient mass transfer pathways

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National Science Review 2024年第2期11卷 168-176页

作者： Xiaowei Du Peng Zhang Gong Zhang Hui Gao Lili Zhang Mengmeng Zhang Tuo Wang Jinlong Gong school of Chemical Engineering and Technology Key Laboratory for Green Chemical Technology of the Ministry of Education Tianjin University Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering(Tianjin) National Industry-education Platform of Energy Storage Tianjin University Joint school of the National University of Singapore and Tianjin University International Campus of Tianjin University Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations

Gas diffusion electrodes（GDEs） mediate the transport of reactants, products and electrons for the electrocatalytic CO2reduction reaction（CO2RR） in membrane electrode assemblies. The random distribution of ionomer, added by the traditional physical mixing method, in the catalyst layer of GDEs affects the transport of ions and CO2. Such a phenomenon results in elevated cell voltage and decaying selectivity at high current densities. This paper describes a pre-confinement method to construct GDEs with homogeneously distributed ionomer, which enhances mass transfer locally at the active centers. The optimized GDE exhibited comparatively low cell voltages and high CO Faradaic efficiencies（FE > 90%） at a wide range of current densities. It can also operate stably for over 220 h with the cell voltage staying almost unchanged. This good performance can be preserved even with diluted CO2feeds, which is essential for pursuing a high single-pass conversion rate. This study provides a new approach to building efficient mass transfer pathways for ions and reactants in GDEs to promote the electrocatalytic CO2RR for practical applications.

关键词： CO2 electroreduction gas diffusion electrode mass transfer ionomer Ag catalyst

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Facile synthesis of hierarchical NiO/NiFe2O4 microsphere composite as efficient visible photocatalyst for 2,4-DCP degradation

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Rare Metals 2024年第4期43卷 1580-1588页

作者： Shabana Shaheen Shuai Xu Ji Bian Amir Zada Zi-Qing Zhang Yang Qu Li-Qiang Jing Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry (Ministry of education) International Joint Research Center and Lab for Catalytic TechnologySchool of Chemistry and Materials ScienceHeilongjiang University Department of Chemistry Abdul Wali Khan University

It is highly desired to develop efficient photocatalysts with recycling property for practical application to degrade toxic pollutants.Herein,nanosheet-assembled NiFe2O4microspheres with commendable activity are successfully synthesized by a facile solvothermal reaction with NH4F as the modifier,and their photoactivities are further improved by coupling with NiO through an in situ growth process.The optimized nickel oxide（NiO）/nickel ferrite（NiFe2O4） microsphere composite（5NiO/NFO-4）exhibits a satisfactory photocatalytic activity for 2,4-dichlorophenol（2,4-DCP） degradation under visible-light irradiation,which is attributed to its wide visible-light response,well-designed hierarchical structure and enhanced charge transfer and separation by coupling NiO as a high-level energy platform to accept electrons.Moreover,it is found that the NiO/NiFe2O4microsphere photocatalysts can be easily collected and recycled owing to the distinctive magnetic properties.This work provides a feasible route to rational design visible-light-driven photocatalysts with high-activity for environmental remediation and purification with good recyclability.

关键词： NiFe 2 O 4 microspheres NiO/NiFe 2 O 4 composite Charge separation Visible-light photocatalysis 2,4-Dichlorophenol degradation

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Potential use of large language models for mitigating students’problematic social media use:ChatGPT as an example

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第3期14卷 334-341页

作者： Xin-Qiao Liu Zi-Ru Zhang school of education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The problematic use of social media has numerous negative impacts on individuals'daily lives,interpersonal relationships,physical and mental health,and more.Currently,there are few methods and tools to alleviate problematic social media,and their potential is yet to be fully realized.Emerging large language models(LLMs)are becoming increasingly popular for providing information and assistance to people and are being applied in many aspects of life.In mitigating problematic social media use,LLMs such as ChatGPT can play a positive role by serving as conversational partners and outlets for users,providing personalized information and resources,monitoring and intervening in problematic social media use,and more.In this process,we should recognize both the enormous potential and endless possibilities of LLMs such as ChatGPT,leveraging their advantages to better address problematic social media use,while also acknowledging the limitations and potential pitfalls of ChatGPT technology,such as errors,limitations in issue resolution,privacy and security concerns,and potential overreliance.When we leverage the advantages of LLMs to address issues in social media usage,we must adopt a cautious and ethical approach,being vigilant of the potential adverse effects that LLMs may have in addressing problematic social media use to better harness technology to serve individuals and society.

关键词： Problematic use of social media Social media Large language models ChatGPT Chatbots

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Adolescent suicide risk factors and the integration of socialemotional skills in school-based prevention programs

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第4期14卷 494-506页

作者： Xin-Qiao Liu Xin Wang school of education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

Adolescents are considered one of the most vulnerable groups affected by suicide.Rapid changes in adolescents’physical and mental states,as well as in their lives,significantly and undeniably increase the risk of suicide.Psychological,social,family,individual,and environmental factors are important risk factors for suicidal behavior among teenagers and may contribute to suicide risk through various direct,indirect,or combined pathways.Social-emotional learning is considered a powerful intervention measure for addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.When deliberately cultivated,fostered,and enhanced,selfawareness,self-management,social awareness,interpersonal skills,and responsible decision-making,as the five core competencies of social-emotional learning,can be used to effectively target various risk factors for adolescent suicide and provide necessary mental and interpersonal support.Among numerous suicide intervention methods,school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence have shown great potential in preventing and addressing suicide risk factors in adolescents.The characteristics of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence,including their appropriateness,necessity,cost-effectiveness,comprehensiveness,and effectiveness,make these interventions an important means of addressing the crisis of adolescent suicide.To further determine the potential of school-based interventions based on social-emotional competence and better address the issue of adolescent suicide,additional financial support should be provided,the combination of socialemotional learning and other suicide prevention programs within schools should be fully leveraged,and cooperation between schools and families,society,and other environments should be maximized.These efforts should be considered future research directions.

关键词： Adolescent suicide Risk factors Social-emotional skills Social and emotional learning school Prevention

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Unlocking the power of physical activity in easing psychological distress

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第1期14卷 1-7页

作者： Xin-Qiao Liu Xin Wang school of education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The severity of the current global mental health situation and the importance of maintaining psychological well-being call for more powerful,convenient,and efficient solutions for addressing psychological issues and relieving mental stress.Physical activity not only effectively improves physical fitness and reduces negative emotions such as anxiety and depression but also increases the improvement of psychological health and sense of well-being.At the same time,physical activity interventions for mental health have unique advantages,including reducing the side effects of psychological interventions and increasing necessity,convenience,and cost-effectiveness,as well as flexible adaptability across multiple methods,groups,and age ranges,providing stronger support for relieving psychological stress and addressing psychological issues.Although physical activity is an important intervention measure in relieving psychological stress,its value and role in mental health care seem to have not yet received sufficient attention,and its potential remains to be further revealed.Given the significant advantages and effectiveness of physical activity in mental health intervention practices,it is necessary to stimulate its potential in relieving psychological stress through various means in future studies to better safeguard the public’s physical and mental health.Developing guidelines for physical activity for improved mental health,enhancing organic integration with other intervention measures,and providing necessary respect,encouragement,and support are important directions to consider.

关键词： Physical activity Psychological distress Mental health Artificial intelligence Guidance

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Climate change,ambient air pollution,and students'mental health

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2024年第2期14卷 204-209页

作者： Jing-Xuan Wang Xin-Qiao Liu school of education Tianjin UniversityTianjin 300350China

The impact of global climate change and air pollution on mental health has become a crucial public health issue.Increased public awareness of health,advancements in medical diagnosis and treatment,the way media outlets report environmental changes and the variation in social resources affect psychological responses and adaptation methods to climate change and air pollution.In the context of climate change,extreme weather events seriously disrupt people's living environments,and unstable educational environments lead to an increase in mental health issues for students.Air pollution affects students'mental health by increasing the incidence of diseases while decreasing contact with nature,leading to problems such as anxiety,depression,and decreased cognitive function.We call for joint efforts to reduce pollutant emissions at the source,improve energy structures,strengthen environmental monitoring and governance,increase attention to the mental health issues of students,and help student groups build resilience;by establishing public policies,enhancing social support and adjusting lifestyles and habits,we can help students cope with the constantly changing environment and maintain a good level of mental health.Through these comprehensive measures,we can more effectively address the challenges of global climate change and air pollution and promote the achievement of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： Climate change Ambient air pollution Mental health Energy structure Public policy Sustainable development

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Ultrafast micro/nano-manufacturing of metastable materials for energy

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 283-298页

作者： Xiaoya Cui Yanchang Liu Yanan Chen school of Materials Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Advanced Ceramics and Machining Technology(Ministry of Education) and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Composite and Functional MaterialsTianjin University Ministry of education Key Laboratory of Protein Sciences School of Life SciencesTsinghua University

The structural engineering of metastable nanomaterials with abundant defects has attracted much attention in energy-related fields. The high-temperature shock(HTS) technique, as a rapidly developing and advanced synthesis strategy, offers significant potential for the rational design and fabrication of high-quality nanocatalysts in an ultrafast, scalable, controllable and eco-friendly way. In this review, we provide an overview of various metastable micro-and nanomaterials synthesized via HTS, including single metallic and bimetallic nanostructures, high entropy alloys, metal compounds(e.g. metal oxides) and carbon nanomaterials. Note that HTS provides a new research dimension for nanostructures, i.e. kinetic modulation. Furthermore, we summarize the application of HTS—as supporting films for transmission electron microscopy grids—in the structural engineering of 2D materials, which is vital for the direct imaging of metastable materials. Finally, we discuss the potential future applications of high-throughput and liquid-phase HTS strategies for non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing beyond energy-related fields.It is believed that this emerging research field will bring new opportunities to the development of nanoscience and nanotechnology in both fundamental and practical aspects.

关键词： high-temperature shock technique defect engineering metastable phase kinetic modulation non-equilibrium micro/nano-manufacturing

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Hierarchical FeO_(χ)H_(y)@Ni_(3)B hybrid for efficient alkaline oxygen evolution at high current density

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2024年第7期94卷 599-607页

作者： Fuxi Liu Qing Liang Zhenyu Li Meiqi Liu Naiin Yue Zizhun Wang Xu Zou Wei Zhang Key Laboratory of Automobile Materials Ministry of education School of Materials Science&EngineeringElectron Microscopy CenterInternational Center of Future ScienceJilin Provincial International Cooperation Key Laboratory of High-Eficiency Clean Energy MaterialsJilin UniversityChangchun 130012JilinChina

Electrocatalysts with high activity and long-term durability are vital toward large-scale hydrogen pro-duction from electrocatalytic water splitting.Here,the self-supported electrode(FeO_(χ)H_(y)@Ni_(3)B/NF)with hierarchical heterostructure was simply prepared by using NigB chunks grown on nickel foam as sub-strate to in situ form vertical FeO_(χ)H_(y)nanosheets.Such hybrid shows efficient oxygen evolution reaction activity with overpotentials as low as 267 and 249 mV at 100 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M K0H solution and 30 wt%KOH solution,respectively.Meanwhile,it also exhibits excellent catalytic stability,sustaining catalysis at 500 mA cm^(-2)in 1 M K0H solution for 200 h,and even for 200 h at 1000 mA cm^(-2)in 30 wt%K0H solution.Further experimental results reveal that the FeO_(χ)H_(y)@Ni_(3)B/NF is endowed with superhydrophilic and superaerophobic surface properties,which not only provide more mass transport channels,as well as facilitated the diffusion of reaction intermediates and gas bubbles.Also,it holds faster reaction kinetics,more accessible active sites and accelerated electron transfer rates due to strong synergistic interactions attheheterogeneous interface.

关键词： FeO_(χ)H_(y)@Ni_(3)B/NF hybrid Heterostructure Oxygen evolution reaction Electrocatalytic

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