检索结果-南通市图书馆

World Journal of pediatrics 2022年第11期18卷 746-752页

作者： Li-Na Zhang Ling Cao Ling-Hui Meng Department of Pulmonology Children’s HospitalCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina Center for Evidence-Based medicine Office of Science and TechnologyCapital Institute of PediatricsBeijingChina

Background This study aimed to analyze the pathogenic characteristics of community-acquired pneumonia(CAP)in a children’s hospital before and after the coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic and to provide testimony for preventing CAP in the future.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed.The information was collected from the electronic medical record system of the hospital.A total of 2739 children were included from February 1,2019,to January 31,2021.Results Among these 2739 patients were 1507(55.02%)males and 1232(44.98%)females;the median age was 3.84 years.There were 2364 cases during the pre-COVID-19 period and 375 cases during the post-COVID-19 period.The number of hospitalized children after the pandemic was 84.14%lower.The median age after the onset was 1.5 years younger than that before the onset(4.08 years old)(Z=−7.885,Pbacteria(50.42%)>viruses(29.57%)>fungi(3.43%).During the post-COVID-19 period,the pathogen proportions were bacteria(56.53%)>viruses(53.60%)>MP(23.47%)>fungi(3.73%).Conclusions There was a significant decrease in the number of children with CAP hospitalized after the pandemic,especially among school-age children,and the pathogen proportions of CAP with MP and IV were significantly decreased.We inferred that CAP was effectively prevented in school-age children because of the strong mitigation measures.

关键词： Community-acquired pneumonia Comparison Coronavirus disease 2019 Pathogen

Ursodeoxycholic acid as adjuvant treatment to phototherapy for neonatal hyperbilirubinemia:a systematic review and meta‑analysis

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of pediatrics 2022年第9期18卷 589-597页

作者： Ilari Kuitunen Panu Kiviranta Ulla Sankilampi Marjo Renko institute of Clinical medicine Department of PediatricsUniversity of Eastern FinlandKuopioFinland Department of pediatrics Mikkeli Central HospitalPorrassalmenkatu 35-3750100 MikkeliFinland Department of pediatrics Kuopio University HospitalKuopioFinland

Background Neonatal hyperbilirubinemia is observed in most newborns,and 5–15%of neonates require phototherapy.Phototherapy is efective but often prolongs hospitalization and has both short-term and potential long-term harms.The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to evaluate the role of ursodeoxycholic acid(UDCA)combined with phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.Methods A literature search was conducted on September 1,2021;590 studies were screened,and 17 full texts were assessed by two authors.We included randomized controlled trials with or without placebo intervention.Primary outcomes were changes in total bilirubin levels at 24 hours and phototherapy duration.We calculated mean diferences with 95%confdence intervals(CI).Results Six studies with 880 neonates were included.Of these studies,only two used a placebo-controlled double-blinded design.The overall risk of bias was high in one and moderate in four of the included studies.The mean decrease in the total bilirubin level during the frst 24 hours was 2.06 mg/dL(95%CI 0.82–3.30;six studies)greater in the UDCA treatment group.The phototherapy duration was 19.7 hours(95%CI 10.4–29.1;fve studies)shorter in the UDCA treatment group.Conclusions We found low-quality evidence that UDCA as an adjuvant to phototherapy seems to decrease total bilirubin faster and shorten phototherapy duration compared to standard treatment.Further studies are needed to confrm the efcacy,acute and long-term outcomes,and safety before implementing UDCA as an adjuvant to phototherapy in neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.

关键词： Jaundice Phototherapy Unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia Ursodeoxycholic acid

Effect of Gubenfangxiao decoction on respiratory syncytial virus-induced asthma and expression of asthma susceptibility gene orosomucoid 1-like protein 3 in mice

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2016年第1期36卷 101-106页

作者： Huang Zhengguang Gao Lijuan Zhao Xia Ling Hao Chen Wenjun institute of pediatrics of Nanjing University of Chinese medicine Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Pediatric Respiratory Disease

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of Gubenfangxiao decoction(GBFXD) on respiratory-syncytial-virus(RSV)-induced asthma and the expression of asthma susceptibility gene, orosomucoid 1-like protein 3(ORMDL3) in mice.METHODS: Seventy-two female BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to normal, model, GBFXD high dose, GBFXD moderate dose, GBFXD low dose and montelukast groups. An asthma model was induced via intraperitoneal injection and aerosol inhalation of ovalbumin(OVA) and repeated intranasal instillation of RSV in all mice, except those in the normal group. All treatments were administered at the first onset of asthma(within 8 weeks of model establishment) and the mice were euthanized after 28 days of treatment. The levels of transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β) and interleukin-6(IL-6) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid(BALF) of the mice were measured and the expression of asthma susceptibility gene ORMDL3 in lung tissue was determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and western blotting.RESULTS: Expression of ORMDL3 and levels of TGF-β and IL-6 were significantly higher in the model group(P < 0.05, P < 0.01) compared with the normal mice. Levels of ORMDL3, TGF-β and IL-6 were significantly lower in all three GBFXD treated groups(P < 0.05) compared with the model group.However, the levels in the GBFXD treatment groups did not differ significantly from the montelukast group.CONCLUSION: GBFXD had a therapeutic effect in this experimental model. The functional mechanism of GBFXD may involve multiple factors, including alleviation of airway inflammation, down-regulation of asthma susceptibility gene ORMDL3 and inhibition of airway remodeling.

关键词： BALB/c小鼠呼吸道合胞病毒易感基因病毒诱导哮喘药粘蛋白 Western印迹法 TGF-β

Effect of Rongchang capsule (茸菖胶囊) on seizure behavior,cognitive impairment,and hippocampal DNA damage and inflammatory factors in epileptic rats

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Journal of Traditional Chinese medicine 2021年第3期41卷 438-446页

作者： PIAO Xiang WANG Wei CHEN Hanjiang YAN Rong LI Mengquan Department of pediatrics Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200071China institute of Paediatrics of Chinese medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese MedicineShanghai 200071China Department of pediatrics Graduate School of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese MedicineTianjin 300193China

OBJECTIVE: To observe the behavioral changes and changes in DNA fragments and related inflammatory factors in the hippocampus of epileptic rats pretreated with Rongchang capsule(茸菖胶囊).METHODS: Eighty Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into the normal group(NG), model group(MG), sodium valproate group(VG), and Rongchang capsule group(RG)(n = 20 in each group). Pentylentetrazol was administered to the MG, VG, and RG to induce epilepsy. The VG and RG were pretreated with 1/2 the therapeutic dose of sodium valproate and Rongchang capsule, respectively. Changes in convulsion behavior and water maze learning were observed. Single cell gel electrophoresis was used to detect changes in the DNA in the hippocampus. The tail length(TL) and Olive tail moment(OTM) of cells were analyzed by GASP software. The expression of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),high mobility group box 1(HMGB1), transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β), and CCL4 in the hippocampus was determined by Western blotting.RESULTS: Rongchang capsule had a weaker effect on convulsive latency than sodium valproate, but significantly reduced seizure susceptibility. The spatial learning ability of the RG was better than that of the VG(P ≤ 0.01). The TL and OTM were significantly higher in the MG than the NG(P < 0.01). The RG had a better TL and OTM than the VG(P < 0.01).Combined with the microscopy results, DNA damage was most pronounced in the MG. Drug intervention decreased the DNA damage in the VG and RG. The expressions of IL-1β, CCL4, and HMGB1 in the hippocampus were significantly greater in the MG than the NG(P < 0.01), and were significantly reduced in the RG and VG compared with the MG(P < 0.01);however, there was no intergroup difference in the expression of TGF-β. The average values for the expression of inflammatory factors in the hippocampus were higher in the RG than in the VG;thus, Rongchang capsule may have a weaker effect on reducing the expression of inflammatory factors in the hippocampus than sodium valproate.CONCLUSION: Pretreatment with Rongchang ca

关键词： epilepsy inflammation cognitive dysfunction hippocampus interleukin-1beta HMGB proteins transforming growth factor beta Rongchang capsule

Effect of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder on Cough Resolution in Children with Upper Respiratory Tract Infections:A Multicenter Randomized Controlled Trial

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Chinese Journal of Integrative medicine 2022年第5期28卷 387-393页

作者： LUO Hui SONG Gui-Hua MA Xiao-jian SUN Meng-meng ZHANG Man XIE Jian-rong PENG Shao institute for Tibetan medicine China Tibetology Research CenterBeijing(100101)China Department of pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese MedicineZhengzhou(450000)China Department of pediatrics Huaihe Hospital of Henan UniversityZhengzhou(450000)China Department of pediatrics the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou(475000)China School of Statistics Renmin University of ChinaBeijing(100872)China

Objective:To assess the effectiveness of Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder(JWZH),a Tibetan patent medicine in treating upper respiratory tract infection(URTI)associated cough in children.Methods:The study was a multicenter,randomized,open-label,controlled trial.A total of 142 children aged 2 to 14 years old,with URTIassociated cough within 48 h of onset,were randomly assigned to two groups at a 1:1 ratio by computer-generated randomization sequence.Children were treated with JWZH(1 to 1.5 g,twice to thrice daily)in the treatment group or conventional treatment(Pediatric Paracetamol,Artificial Cow-bezoar and Chlorphenamine Maleate Granules,0.25 to 1 g,thrice daily)in the control group for 5 days.The primary endpoints were the time to cough resolution and 4-day cough resolution rate.The secondary endpoints were the daily improvement in symptom scores and cough resolution rate during the study period.Results:A total of 138 children were included in the intention-to-treat analysis,with 71 cases in the treatment group and 67 cases in the control group.Compared with the conventional treatment,the children receiving JWZH had a shorter time to cough resolution[hazard ratio,2.10;95%confidence interval(CI),1.29-3.40;P=0.003].The median time to cough resolution for children receiving JWZH was shorter than that of the conventional treatment(2 days vs.3 days;P0.05).Adverse events was reported in 5.6%(4/71)and 4.5%(3/67)in participants of JWZH and PPACCM groups(P>0.05),respectively,which were all mild and resolved without treatment.Conclusion:JWZH seemed to be a safe and effective therapy for URTI-associated cough in children.(Trial registration No.Chi CTR2000039421)

关键词： child cough upper respiratory tract infection Jiuwei Zhuhuang Powder randomized controlled trial Tibetan medicine

Current methods for the maturation of induced pluripotent stem cellderived cardiomyocytes

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of Stem Cells 2019年第1期11卷 33-43页

作者： Pranav Machiraju Steven C Greenway Departments of pediatrics and Cardiac Sciences Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of MedicineUniversity of Calgary Departments of pediatrics Cardiac Sciences Biochemistry & Molecular Biology Alberta Children’s Hospital Research Institute Libin Cardiovascular Institute of Alberta Cumming School of Medicine University of Calgary

Induced pluripotent stem cells(iPSCs) were first generated by Yamanaka and colleagues over a decade ago. Since then, iPSCs have been successfully differentiated into many distinct cell types, enabling tissue-, disease-, and patientspecific in vitro modelling. Cardiovascular disease is the greatest cause of mortality worldwide but encompasses rarer disorders of conduction and myocardial function for which a cellular model of study is ideal. Although methods to differentiate iPSCs into beating cardiomyocytes(iPSC-CMs) have recently been adequately optimized and commercialized, the resulting cells remain largely immature with regards to their structure and function,demonstrating fetal gene expression, disorganized morphology, reliance on predominantly glycolytic metabolism and contractile characteristics that differ from those of adult cardiomyocytes. As such, disease modelling using iPSC-CMs may be inaccurate and of limited utility. However, this limitation is widely recognized, and numerous groups have made substantial progress in addressing this problem. This review highlights successful methods that have been developed for the maturation of human iPSC-CMs using small molecules,environmental manipulation and 3-dimensional(3 D) growth approaches.

关键词： Induced pluripotent stem cells Induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes Regenerative medicine Stem cell biology Translational research

Impact of rotavirus vaccine implementation on Israeli children:a comparison between pre-and post-vaccination era

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 417-425页

作者： Hussein Zaitoon Shaden Hanna Ellen Bamberger Department of pediatrics Bnai Zion Medical CenterThe Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology47 Golomb St.31048HaifaIsrael The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of medicine Technion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael

Background Worldwide rotavirus vaccination has resulted in a substantial decrease in rotavirus-induced severe gastroenteritis and related hospitalizations among children.Still,the characterization of patients warranting hospitalization needs to be further elucidated.The purpose of the study is to compare the clinical and laboratory features of children hospitalized with acute rotavirus infection before and after the introduction of routine vaccination.Methods This is a retrospective observational study.Participants were pediatric patients who presented to the Bnai Zion Medical Center pediatric emergency department and were diagnosed with rotavirus acute gastroenteritis between 2017 and 2019.Results During the pre-vaccination period(2007–2009),114 infants and young children(median age:14 months,range:1–72 months;59 male,55 female)were hospitalized for rotavirus-induced acute gastroenteritis with a rate of 11.71 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room visits.In the post-vaccination period(2012–2019),168 infants and young children(median age:17 months,range:0–84 months;90 male,78 female)were hospitalized with a rate of 4.18 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room visits.There were no statistical differences between the two groups in gender,breast-feeding rates and sibling(s).The proportion of cases with moderate-to-severe dehydration was higher in the post-vaccination children than in the pre-vaccination children.Conclusions Rates of rotavirus-attributed acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations declined from the pre-to the post-vaccination period.Higher rates of dehydration were found in the post-vaccination children.Ongoing surveillance is warranted to better understand the implications of the vaccine.

关键词： Acute gastroenteritis Booster dose Hospitalization Rotavirus Vaccination

Pharmacokinetics of sildenafil in children with pulmonary arterial hypertension

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

World Journal of pediatrics 2017年第6期13卷 588-592页

作者： Hugo Juárez Olguín Hector Osnaya Martínez Carmen Flores Pérez Blanca Ramírez Mendiola Liliana Rivera Espinosa Juan Luis Chávez Pacheco Janett Flores Pérez Ignacio Mora Maga(n)a Laboratory of Pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Department of Pharmacology Faculty of MedicineNational Autonomous University of MexicoMexico CityMexico Service of Cardiology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Laboratory of Pharmacology National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico Subdirection of Teaching and Educational Programming National Institute of PediatricsMexico CityMexico

Background:Recently,sildenafil was introduced to treat pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH);however,there are currently few studies on the pharmacokinetics of sildenalfil in children.Therefore,we aimed to carry out a pharmacokinetic study of sildenafil in children with PAH using a single dose.Methods:Twelve children diagnosed with PAH,consisting of with ten males and two females,were recruited for the study after obtaining written consent from their parents or guardians.Blood samples were obtained predose and at 0.25,0.5,1,2,4,8 and 12 hours after the oral administration of 1 mg/kg of sildenafil using an extemporal pediatric formulation developed in our laboratory.The samples were analyzed using a previously validated high performance liquid chromatography method.Results:A pharmacokinetic analysis using the WinNonlin 3.1 program that considered the Akaike information criterion (AIC) for sdecting a more adjustable model was performed.The following pharmacokinetic parameters were obtained:maximal concentration (Cmax):366+179 ng/mL,time to maximal concentration:0.92±0.30 hours,elimination half-life (t1/2):2.41±1.18 hours,total clearance (CLto/F):5.85±2.81 L/hour,volume of distribution (Vd/F):20.13±14.5 L,absorption rate constants (Ka):0.343 hour-1,elimination rate (Ke):0.35 hour-1,area under curve from zero to infinity:2061±618 ng/mL/hour.The data of all patients adjusted to the model of one compartment were corroborated using AIC.Conclusions:The parameters Ka,Ke and t1/2 were found to be similar to those reported in adults;however,the values of Cmax and Vd/F were significantly higher.Based on these findings,we propose that treatment regimen of sildenafil be adjusted in children with PAH.

关键词： pharmacokinetics pulmonary arterial hypertension sildenafil

Neonatal opioid exposure:public health crisis and novel neuroinflammatory disease

在线全文

维普期刊数据库

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第3期16卷 430-432页

作者： Vikram Vasan Yuma Kitase Jessie C.Newville Shenandoah Robinson Gwendolyn Gerner V.Joanna Burton Lauren L.Jantzie Department of pediatrics Department of NeurologyJohns Hopkins University School of MedicineBaltimoreMDDepartment of NeurologyKennedy Krieger InstituteBaltimoreMDDepartment of PediatricsUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMDepartment of NeurosciencesUniversity of New Mexico School of MedicineAlbuquerqueNMUSA

Substance use,specifically the use of prescription and non-prescription opioids among pregnant women,is a major public health issue and chief contributor to the opioid crisis.The prevalence of Neonatal Opioid Withdrawal Syndrome has risen 5-fold in the past decade,and is a well-recognized consequence of perinatal opioid exposure.By contrast,the long-term damage to the developing brain from opioid medications is just beginning to be recognized as a serious concern.Published data suggest that opioid exposure commencing in utero negatively affects the maturation of the neural-immune system,and trajectory of central nervous system development.Methadone induces peripheral immune hyper-reactivity,lasting structural and microstructural brain injury,and significant deficits in executive function and cognitive control in adult animals following in utero exposure.Thus,to address the cascading public health crisis stemming from the multitude of infants with in utero opioid exposure who will grow up with altered neurodevelopmental trajectories,rigorous preclinical,mechanistic studies are required.Such studies will define the long-term sequelae of prenatal opioid exposure in an effort to develop appropriate and targeted interventions.Specifically,the development of novel fluid,neuroimaging and biobehavioral biomarkers will be the most useful to aid in early identification and treatment of opioid exposed infants with the greatest risk of poor clinical outcomes.These studies will be essential to understand how in utero insults determine brain structure and function in adulthood,and what targeted interventions will be required to improve longterm outcomes in the countless children being born exposed to opioids each year.

关键词： biomarker buprenorphine cognition executive function magnetic resonance imaging methadone neonate

Using 16S rDNA Sequencing Technology to Preliminarily Analyze Intestinal Flora in Children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae Pneumonia

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2022年第6期35卷 528-537页

作者： SHI Da Wei WANG Dong Mei NING Li Hua LI Jing DONG Yan ZHANG Zhi Kun DOU Hai Wei WAN Rui Jie JIA Chun Mei XIN De LI Department of pediatrics Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China Department of pediatrics Baotou Fourth Hospital(Baotou Children’s Hospital)Baotou 014030Inner Mongolia Autonomous RegionChina Department of pediatrics Beijing Chang Ping Hospital of Integrated Chinese and Western MedicineBeijing 100096China Tropical medicine Research institute Beijing Friendship HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100050China

Objective We investigated changes in the intestinal flora of children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(MPP).Methods Between September 2019 and November 2019,stool samples from 14 children with MPP from The Fourth Hospital of Baotou city,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region,were collected and divided into general treatment(AF)and probiotic(AFY)groups,according to the treatment of“combined Bifidobacterium,Lactobacillus,Enterococcus,and Bacillus cereus tablets live”.Highthroughput 16S rDNA sequencing was used to identify intestinal flora.Results Intestinal flora abundance and diversity in children with MPP were decreased.Both Shannon and Simpson indices were lower in the AF group when compared with healthy controls(P<.05).When compared with healthy controls,the proportion of Enterorhabdus was lower in the AF group,while the proportion of Lachnoclostridium was higher(P<0.05).The proportion of Bifidobacteria and Akkermansia was lower in the AFY group but Enterococcus,Lachnoclostridium,Roseburia,and Erysipelatoclostridium proportions were higher.The proportion of Escherichia coli-Shigella in the AFY group after treatment was decreased(P<0.05).Conclusions The intestinal flora of children with MPP is disturbed,manifested as decreased abundance and diversity,and decreased Bifidobacteria.Our probiotic mixture partly improved intestinal flora disorders.

关键词： Intestinal flora Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia Probiotics Respiratory tract infection