Impact of rotavirus vaccine implementation on Israeli children:a comparison between pre-and post-vaccination era

作     者：Hussein Zaitoon Shaden Hanna Ellen Bamberger Hussein Zaitoon;Shaden Hanna;Ellen Bamberger

作者机构：Department of PediatricsBnai Zion Medical CenterThe Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of Technology47 Golomb St.31048HaifaIsrael The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of MedicineTechnion-Israel Institute of TechnologyHaifaIsrael 

出 版 物：《World Journal of Pediatrics》 (世界儿科杂志（英文版）)

年 卷 期：2022年第18卷第6期

页      面：417-425页

核心收录：

学科分类：1004[医学-公共卫生与预防医学(可授医学、理学学位)] 1002[医学-临床医学] 100401[医学-流行病与卫生统计学] 10[医学] 

主　　题：Acute gastroenteritis Booster dose Hospitalization Rotavirus Vaccination 

摘      要：Background Worldwide rotavirus vaccination has resulted in a substantial decrease in rotavirus-induced severe gastroenteritis and related hospitalizations among children.Still,the characterization of patients warranting hospitalization needs to be further elucidated.The purpose of the study is to compare the clinical and laboratory features of children hospitalized with acute rotavirus infection before and after the introduction of routine vaccination.Methods This is a retrospective observational study.Participants were pediatric patients who presented to the Bnai Zion Medical Center pediatric emergency department and were diagnosed with rotavirus acute gastroenteritis between 2017 and 2019.Results During the pre-vaccination period(2007–2009),114 infants and young children(median age:14 months,range:1–72 months;59 male,55 female)were hospitalized for rotavirus-induced acute gastroenteritis with a rate of 11.71 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room visits.In the post-vaccination period(2012–2019),168 infants and young children(median age:17 months,range:0–84 months;90 male,78 female)were hospitalized with a rate of 4.18 positive rotavirus tests per 1000 emergency room visits.There were no statistical differences between the two groups in gender,breast-feeding rates and sibling(s).The proportion of cases with moderate-to-severe dehydration was higher in the post-vaccination children than in the pre-vaccination children.Conclusions Rates of rotavirus-attributed acute gastroenteritis hospitalizations declined from the pre-to the post-vaccination period.Higher rates of dehydration were found in the post-vaccination children.Ongoing surveillance is warranted to better understand the implications of the vaccine.