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Exercise-induced microbial changes in preventing type 2 diabetes

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第5期67卷 892-899页

作者： Ting Yao Hui Wang Kaiqing Lin Ruwen Wang Shanshan Guo Peijie Chen Hao Wu Tiemin Liu Ru Wang School of Exercise and Health Shanghai Frontiers Science Research Base of Exercise and Metabolic HealthShanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology School of Basic Medical SciencesXi’an Jiaotong University School of MedicineXi’an 710061China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism&Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200433China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Human Phenome InstituteFudan Microbiome Centerand Department of Bariatric and Metabolic SurgeryHuashan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 201203China State Key Laboratory of Genetic Engineering Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismHuman Phenome Instituteand School of Life SciencesZhongshan HospitalFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China

The metabolic benefits associated with long-term physical activity are well appreciated and growing evidence suggests that it involves the gut *** we re-evaluated the link between exercise-induced microbial changes and those associated with prediabetes and *** found that the relative abundances of substantial amounts of diabetes-associated metagenomic species associated negatively with physical fitness in a Chinese athlete students *** additionally showed that those microbial changes correlated more with handgrip strength,a simple but valuable biomarker suggestive of the diabetes states,than maximum oxygen intake,one of the key surrogates for endurance ***,the causal relationships among exercise,risks for diabetes,and gut microbiota were explored based on mediation *** propose that the protective roles of exercise against type 2 diabetes are mediated,at least partly,by the gut microbiota.

关键词： gut microbiota body fat diabetes handgrip maximum oxygen intake

Rab18 maintains homeostasis of subcutaneous adipose tissue to prevent obesity-induced metabolic disorders

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1170-1182页

作者： Jiaming Liu Liangkui Li Dijin Xu Yuqi Li Tao Chen Yeyang Liu Yuqian Bao Yan Wang Longyan Yang Peng Li Li Xu State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology and Tsinghua-Peking Center for Life Sciences Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Structural BiologySchool of Life SciencesTsinghua UniversityBeijing 100084China Shanghai Qi Zhi institute Shanghai 200232China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Metabolic Remodeling and Health Institute of Metabolism and Integrative BiologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200438China Tianjian Laboratory of Advanced Biomedical Sciences Zhengzhou UniversityZhengzhou 450001China Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical SciencesGannan Medical UniversityGanzhou 341000China Department of endocrinology and metabolism Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Affiliated Sixth People’s HospitalShanghai 200025China Center for Endocrine metabolism and Immune Diseases Beijing Luhe HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 101149China Beijing Key Laboratory of Diabetes Research and Care Beijing 101149China

Metabolically healthy obesity refers to obese individuals who do not develop metabolic *** people store fat in subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT)rather than in visceral adipose tissue(VAT).However,the molecules participating in this specific scenario remain ***18,a lipid droplet(LD)-associated protein,mediates the contact between the endoplasmic reticulum(ER)and LDs to facilitate LD growth and *** the present study,we show that the protein level of Rab18 is specifically upregulated in the SAT of obese people and ***18 adipocyte-specific knockout(Rab18 AKO)mice had a decreased volume ratio of SAT to VAT compared with wildtype *** subjected to high-fat diet(HFD),Rab18 AKO mice had increased ER stress and inflammation,reduced adiponectin,and decreased triacylglycerol(TAG)accumulation in *** contrast,TAG accumulation in VAT,brown adipose tissue(BAT)or liver of Rab18AKO mice had a moderate increase without ER stress ***18 AKO mice developed insulin resistance and systematic ***18 AKO mice maintained body temperature in response to acute and chronic cold induction with a thermogenic SAT,similar to the counterpart ***,Rab18-deficient 3T3-L1 adipocytes were more prone to palmitate-induced ER stress,indicating the involvement of Rab18 in alleviating lipid ***18 AKO mice provide a good animal model to investigate metabolic disorders such as impaired *** conclusion,our studies reveal that Rab18 is a key and specific regulator that maintains the proper functions of SAT by alleviating lipid-induced ER stress.

关键词： Rab18 subcutaneous adipose tissue(SAT) metabolically healthy obesity(MHO) lipotoxicity ER stress ectopic lipid storage LD-ER contact

Type 2 diabetes in children and adolescents:Exploring the disease heterogeneity and research gaps to optimum management

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World Journal of Clinical Pediatrics 2024年第2期13卷 80-99页

作者： Subhodip Pramanik Sunetra Mondal Rajan Palui Sayantan Ray Department of endocrinology Neotia Getwel Multi-specialty hospitalSiliguri 734010West BengalIndia Department of endocrinology NRS Medical College and HospitalKolkata 700014West BengalIndia Department of endocrinology All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhubaneswarBhubaneswar 751019OdishaIndia

Over the past 20 years,the incidence and prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)in children and adolescents have increased,particularly in racial and ethnic *** the rise in T2DM in children and adolescents,the pathophysiology and progression of disease in this population are not clearly ***-onset T2DM has a more adverse clinical course than is seen in those who develop T2DM in adulthood or those with ***,the available therapeutic options are more limited for children and adolescents with T2DM compared to adult patients,mostly due to the challenges of implementing clinical trials.A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development and aggressive disease phenotype of T2DM in youth is important to finding effective prevention and management *** review highlights the key evidence about T2DM in children and adolescents and its current burden and challenges both in clinical care and research activities.

关键词： Type 2 diabetes mellitus Children and adolescents Pathophysiology Heterogeneity Complications Treatment options Barriers

Efficacy of Huangma Ding or autologous platelet-rich gel for the diabetic lower extremity arterial disease patients with foot ulcers

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第5期15卷 923-934页

作者： Xue-Qin Wang Dan-Lan Pu Wei-Ling Leng Xiao-Tian Lei Jiang Juan Zou La Ding Yao Jia-Zhuang Xi Li Jian Teng Miao Qi-Nan Wu endocrinology Department The People’s Hospital of Yubei District of Chongqing CityChongqing 401120China Department of endocrinology Chongqing Yubei District People’s HospitalChongqing 400030China endocrinology Department The First Affiliated Hospital of the Army Medical UniversityChongqing 400038China endocrinology and Nephrology Department Chongqing University Cancer Hospital and Chongqing Cancer Institute and Chongqing Cancer HospitalChongqing 400016China Department of endocrinology Dazu Hospital of Chongqing Medical UniversityThe People’s Hospital of DazuChongqing 402360China

BACKGROUND Diabetes foot is one of the most serious complications of diabetes and an important cause of death and disability,traditional treatment has poor efficacy and there is an urgent need to develop a practical treatment *** To investigate whether Huangma Ding or autologous platelet-rich gel(APG)treatment would benefit diabetic lower extremity arterial disease(LEAD)patients with foot *** A total of 155 diabetic LEAD patients with foot ulcers were enrolled and divided into three groups:Group A(62 patients;basal treatment),Group B(38 patients;basal treatment and APG),and Group C(55 patients;basal treatment and Huangma Ding).All patients underwent routine follow-up visits for six *** follow-up,we calculated the changes in all variables from baseline and determined the differences between groups and the relationships between *** The infection status of the three groups before treatment was the ***(PCT)improved after APG and Huangma Ding treatment more than after traditional treatment and was significantly greater in Group C than in Group *** regression analysis revealed that PCT was positively correlated with total amputation,primary amputation,and minor amputation *** ankle-brachial pressure and the transcutaneous oxygen pressure in Groups B and C were greater than those in Group *** major amputation rate,minor amputation rate,and total amputation times in Groups B and C were lower than those in Group *** Our research indicated that diabetic foot ulcers(DFUs)lead to major amputation,minor amputation,and total amputation through local infection and poor microcirculation and *** Ding and APG were effective attreating *** clinical efficacy of Huangma Ding was better than that of autologous platelet gel,which may be related to the better control of local infection by Huangma *** finding suggested that in patients with DFUs combined with coinfection,controll

关键词： Diabetic foot ulcer Huangma Ding Autologous platelet-rich gel Ankle-brachial index Transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure

Exposure of benzo[a]pyrene induces HCC exosome-circular RNA to activate lung fibroblasts and trigger organotropic metastasis

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Cancer Communications 2024年第7期44卷 718-738页

作者： Wei Mu Pengfei Gu Huating Li Jinjin Zhou Yulun Jian Weiping Jia Yang Ge School of Public Health Center for Single-cell OmicsShanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R.China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus Department of Endocrinology and MetabolismShanghai Diabetes InstituteShanghai Clinical Center for DiabetesShanghai Sixth People’s Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of MedicineShanghaiP.R.China

Background:Benzo[a]pyrene(B[a]P),a carcinogen pollutant produced by combustion processes,is present in the western diet with grilled *** exposure of B[a]P in hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)cells promotes metastasis rather than primary proliferation,implying an unknown mechanism of B[a]P-induced *** that exosomes carry bioactive molecules to distant sites,we investigated whether and how exosomes mediate cancer-stroma communications for a toxicologically associated ***:Exosomes were isolated from B[a]P stimulated BEL7404 HCC cells(7404-100Bap Exo)at an environmental relevant dose(100 nmol/L).Lung preeducation animal model was prepared via injection of exosomes and *** inflammatory genes of educated lungs were evaluated using quantitative reverse transcription PCR *** LM3 cells transfected with firefly luciferase were next injected to monitor tumor burdens and organotropic *** of B[a]P-exposed exosomes were determined by ceRNA *** between circular RNA(circRNA)and microRNAs(miRNAs)were detected using RNA pull-down in target lung *** in situ hybridization and RNA immunoprecipitation assay was used to evaluate the“on-off”interaction of circRNA-miRNA *** further developed an adenoassociated virus inhalation model to examine mRNA expression specific in lung,thereby exploring the mRNA targets of B[a]P induced circRNA-miRNA ***:Lung fibroblasts exert activation phenotypes,including focal adhesion and motility were altered by 7404-100Bap *** the exosome-educated in vivo model,fibrosis factors and pro-inflammatory molecules of are up-regulated when injected with *** to non-exposed 7404 cells,circ_0011496 was up-regulated following B[a]P treatment and wasmainly packaged into 7404-100Bap *** circ_0011496 were delivered and competitively bound to miR-486-5p in recipient *** down-regulation of miR-486-5p converted fi

关键词： benzo(a)pyrene cancer associate fibroblast circular RNA exosome organotropic metastasis

The role of FMO3 in metabolic diseases

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Traditional Medicine Research 2024年第9期9卷 42-50页

作者： Hui-Wen Ren He-Yuan Lu Hai-Bo Zhang Rui-Jing Zhang Che Bian Advanced institute for Medical Sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China College of Basic Medical Sciences Dalian Medical UniversityDalian 116044China Department of Nephrology Xijing HospitalThe Fourth Military Medical UniversityXi’an 710032China Department of endocrinology and metabolism The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of China Medical UniversityShenyang 110032China

Flavin containing monooxygenase 3(FMO3)is a member of the flavin monooxygenase family,which can oxidize the precursor Trimethylamine(TMA)provided from food to produce Trimethylamine N-oxide(TMAO).The autosomal recessive inherited disease caused by partial functional loss of Fmo3 gene,which leads to excessive excretion of TMA in body fluids and emits fishy odor,is called Fish Odor Syndrome or *** disease has been documented for 3,000 years ago and was first reported in the case report in ***3 mainly exists in the liver and can participate in the TMA-TMAO metabolic balance in intestinal microorganisms,liver,and kidneys,closely related to insulin resistance,diabetes,cholesterol metabolism,and cardiovascular *** to its wide range of catalytic substrates and low susceptibility to metabolite accumulation,its role in drug metabolism,new drug development,and discovery of new drug targets are increasingly *** review will summarize the research progress on the metabolic process and localization of FMO3,congenital genetic defects,metabolic diseases,and its related possible mechanisms.

关键词： metabolic diseases FMO3 TMA TMAO

Biomimetic artificial islet model with vascularized microcapsule structures for durable glycemic control

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Materials Futures 2024年第3期3卷 157-167页

作者： Jingbo Li Yile Fang Zhuhao Wu Luoran Shang Ling Li Department of endocrinology Zhongda HospitalSchool of MedicineSoutheast UniversityNanjing 210009People’s Republic of China institute of Glucose and Lipid metabolism Southeast UniversityNanjing 210009People’s Republic of China Shanghai Xuhui Central Hospital Zhongshan-Xuhui Hospitaland the Shanghai Key Laboratory of Medical EpigeneticsThe International Co-laboratory of Medical Epigenetics and Metabolism(Ministry of Science and Technology)Institutes of Biomedical SciencesFudan UniversityShanghai 200032People’s Republic of China Department of Clinical Laboratory Nanjing Drum Tower HospitalThe Affiliated of Medical SchoolNanjing UniversityNanjing 210008People’s Republic of China

Islet transplantation is a promising strategy for diabetes mellitus treatment as it can recapitulate endogenous insulin secretion and provide long-term glycemic *** models constructed in biomaterial scaffolds that reproduce biological characteristics of native islets is a feasible option to circumvent the dilemma of donor shortage and the requirement of chronic ***,we developed bioinspired artificial microcapsule-based islet models with microvessels for glycemic control using microfluidic electrospray *** electrospray can generate uniform hydrogel microcapsules with core-shell structure for encapsulating islet *** cell-laden microcapsules enabled the efficient transportation of nutrient,oxygen,and insulin;as well as the incorporation with microvessels for prompting glucose responsiveness and molecular *** demonstrated by in vivo experiments that the blood glucose,food intake,and body weight of diabetic mouse models were alleviated,and the glucose tolerance was promoted after the engraftment of islet *** further demonstrated the improved functionality of transplanted islet model in insulin secretion,immune escape,and microcirculation using standard histological and molecular *** results indicated that the microcapsules with microvessels are promising artificial islet models and are valuable for treating diabetes.

关键词： artificial islet model microfluidics vascularization hydrogel diabetes

Aberrant protamination in sperm correlates to anomalous nuclear and cytoplasmic architectures in infertile males with sperm dysmorphology

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第2期26卷 183-188页

作者： Huan Jiang Chu-Jie Huang Department of Reproductive endocrinology Longgang District Maternity&Child Healthcare Hospital of Shenzhen City(Longgang Maternity and Child Institute of Shantou University Medical College)Shenzhen 518172China institute of Reproductive Immunology College of Life Science and TechnologyJinan UniversityGuangzhou 510632China

Aberrant sperm protamination is linked to sperm dysmorphology and nuclear chromatin ***,its effects on sperm cytoplasmic maturation remain largely *** relationships of protamines,sperm morphology,DNA damage,and cytoplasmic remodeling were illustrated in this study to provide fresh perspectives on the mechanisms of male infertility.A total of 205 infertile males were allocated into 5 groups according to the percentage of spermatozoa exhibiting abnormal morphology within their *** concentration,motility,abnormal sperm morphology,cytoplasmic droplets(CDs),and excess residual cytoplasm(ERC)were analyzed according to the World Health Organization manual(2010).Sperm nuclear vacuoles(NVs)were determined by propidium iodide(PI)*** protamine expressions(P1 and P2)were detected by western *** damage was measured by acridine orange test(AOT)to calculate the proportion of sperm with single-strand DNA breaks(SSBs).Our data showed that sperm concentration and motility in infertile males significantly decreased with the severity of abnormal sperm morphology(both P<0.01).P1 level,P1/P2 ratio,and SSB rate increased with the severity of sperm dysmorphology,whilst the P2 level decreased(all P

关键词： abnormal sperm morphology excess residual cytoplasm male infertility protamines sperm DNA damage sperm nuclear vacuoles

Life’s Essential 8 and risk of non-communicable chronic diseases:Outcome-wide analyses

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Chinese Medical Journal 2024年第13期137卷 1553-1562页

作者： Yuetian Yu Ying Sun Yuefeng Yu Yuying Wang Chi Chen Xiao Tan Yingli Lu Ningjian Wang institute and Department of endocrinology and metabolism Shanghai Ninth People’s HospitalShanghai JiaoTong University School of MedicineShanghai 200011China School of Public Health Zhejiang UniversityHangzhou 310058ZhejiangChina Department of Medical Sciences Uppsala UniversityUppsala 75185Sweden

Background:Life’s Simple 7,the former construct of cardiovascular health(CVH)has been used to evaluate adverse non-communicable chronic diseases(NCDs).However,some flaws have been recognized in recent years and Life’s Essential 8 has been *** this study,we aimed to analyze the association between CVH defined by Life’s Essential 8 and risk of 44 common NCDs and further estimate the population attributable fractions(PAFs)of low-moderate CVH scores in the 44 ***:In the UK Biobank,170,726 participants free of 44 common NCDs at baseline were *** Life’s Essential 8 composite measure consists of four health behaviours(diet,physical activity,nicotine exposure,and sleep)and four health factors(body mass index,non-high density lipoprotein cholesterol,blood glucose,and blood pressure),and the maximum CVH score was 100 *** score was categorized into low,moderate,and high *** were followed up for 44 NCDs diagnosis across 10 human system disorders according to the International Classification of Diseases 10th edition(ICD-10)code using linkage to national health records until *** proportional hazard models were used in this *** hazard ratios(HRs)and PAFs of 44 NCDs associated with CVH score were ***:During the median follow-up of 10.85 years,58,889 incident NCD cases were *** linear dose-response associations were found between higher CVH score and lower risk of 25(56.8%)of 44 ***-moderate CVH(<80 points)score accounted for the largest proportion of incident cases in diabetes(PAF:80.3%),followed by gout(59.6%),sleep disorder(55.6%),chronic liver disease(45.9%),chronic kidney disease(40.9%),ischemic heart disease(40.8%),chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(40.0%),endometrium cancer(35.8%),lung cancer(34.0%),and heart failure(34.0%)as the top *** the eight modifiable factors,overweight/obesity explained the largest number of cases of incident NCDs in endocrine,nutritional,and me

关键词： Life’s Essential 8 Cardiovascular risk score Non-communicable chronic disease Population health management Cohort analysis Healthy lifestyle UK Biobank