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New techniques in the tissue diagnosis of gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第2期15卷 192-197页

作者： Charles H Knowles Joanne E Martin Neurogastroenterology Group Centres for Academic Surgery and Pathology Institute of Cellular and Molecular Science Barts and the London Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry Whitechapel London United Kingdom

Gastrointestinal neuromuscular diseases are a clinically heterogeneous group of disorders of children and adults in which symptoms are presumed or proven to arise as a result of neuromuscular (including interstitial cell of Cajal) dysfunction. Common to most of these diseases are symptoms of impaired motor activity which manifest as slowed or obstructed transit with or without evidence of transient or persistent radiological visceral dilatation. A variety of histopathological techniques and allied investigations are being increasingly applied to tissue biopsies from such patients. This review outlines some of the more recent advances in this fi eld, particularly in the most contentious area of small bowel disease manifesting as intestinal pseudo-obstruction.

关键词： Enteric myopathy Enteric neuropathy Interstitial cells of Cajal Intestinal pseudo-obstruction,Visceral pain

The clinical effectiveness of reflectance optical spectroscopy for the in vivo diagnosis of oral lesions

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International Journal of Oral Science 2014年第3期6卷 162-167页

作者： Diana V Messadi Fariba S Younai Hong-Hu Liu Gao Guo Cun-Yu Wang Section of Oral Medicine and Orofacial Pain Division of Oral Biology and Medicine School of Dentistry University of California at Los Angeles Section of Oral Biology Division of Oral Biology and Medicine School of Dentistry University of California at Los Angeles Division of Public Health and Community dentistry School of Dentistry University of California at Los Angeles David Geffen School of Medicine and Fielding School of Public Health

Optical spectroscopy devices are being developed and tested for the screening and diagnosis of oral precancer and cancer lesions. This study reports a device that uses white light for detection of suspicious lesions and green–amber light at 545 nm that detect tissue vascularity on patients with several suspicious oral lesions. The clinical grading of vascularity was compared to the histological grading of the biopsied lesions using specific biomarkers. Such a device, in the hands of dentists and other health professionals, could greatly increase the number of oral cancerous lesions detected in early phase. The purpose of this study is to correlate the clinical grading of tissue vascularity in several oral suspicious lesions using the IdentafiH system with the histological grading of the biopsied lesions using specific vascular markers. Twenty-one patients with various oral lesions were enrolled in the study. The lesions were visualized using IdentafiH device with white light illumination, followed by visualization of tissue autofluorescence and tissue reflectance. Tissue biopsied was obtained from the all lesions and both histopathological and immunohistochemical studies using a vascular endothelial biomarker（CD34） were performed on these tissue samples. The clinical vascular grading using the green–amber light at 545 nm and the expression pattern and intensity of staining for CD34 in the different biopsies varied depending on lesions, grading ranged from 1 to3. The increase in vascularity was observed in abnormal tissues when compared to normal mucosa, but this increase was not limited to carcinoma only as hyperkeratosis and other oral diseases, such as lichen planus, also showed increase in vascularity. Optical spectroscopy is a promising technology for the detection of oral mucosal abnormalities; however, further investigations with a larger population group is required to evaluate the usefulness of these devices in differentiating benign lesions from potentially

关键词： ansiosenesis optical spectroscopy oral lesions

Vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation－2010

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The Journal of Biomedical Research 2010年第3期24卷 169-180页

作者： Joseph M.Miano Aab Cardiovascular Research institute University of Rochester School of Medicine & DentistryRochesterNew York 14642USA

Vascular smooth muscle cells have attracted considerable interest as a model for a flexible program of gene *** cell type arises throughout the embryo body plan via poorly understood signaling cascades that direct the expression of transcription factors and microRNAs which,in turn,orchestrate the activation of contractile genes collectively defining this cell *** discovery of myocardin and its close association with serum response factor has represented a major break-through for the molecular understanding of vascular smooth muscle cell *** have been shown to improve the outcome of vessel wall remodeling following injury and have provided further insights into the molecular circuitry that defines the vascular smooth muscle cell *** review summarizes the progress to date in each of these areas of vascular smooth muscle cell biology.

关键词： VSMC gene Vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation cell

Control of APN/CD13 and NEP/CD10 on sperm motility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2010年第6期12卷 899-902页

作者： Nerea Subiran Francisco M. Pinto Ekaitz Agirregoitia Luz Candenas Jon Irazusta Department of Physiology Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry University of the Basque Country Leioa Bizkaia 48940 Spain Chemical Research institute - CSiC University of Seville Seville 41092 Spain

Aminopeptidase N （APN/CD13） and neutral endopeptidase （NEP/CD10） are enzymes present in human sperm cells and involved in regulation of sperm motility of noncapacitated spermatozoa. We investigated the involvement of APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 in motility and in kinematic parameters of human capacitated spermatozoa. Sperm cells isolated by a discontinuous Percoll gradient （40%-80%） followed up by swim-up techniques were incubated with the APN/CD 13 -specific inhibitor, leuhistin （100 μmol L^-1）, and the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor, thiorphan （1 μmol L^-1）. The complete inhibition of both APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 improved sperm motility. Spermatozoa incubated with the APN/CD13-specific inhibitor lenhistin showed asymmetrical trajectories, whereas sperm trajectories were more regular after treatment with the NEP/CD 10-specific inhibitor thiorphan. In conclusion, APN/CD 13 and NEP/CD 10 modulate the motility of capacitated spermatozoa, although each of the enzymes seems to participate in the control of different aspects of sperm motility. Therefore, both inhibitors may be useful for sperm activation at different functional stages of spermatozoa.

关键词： APN/CD13 human hypcractivation kinematic motility NEP/CD10 sperm

The potential of gene therapies for spinal cord injury repair:a systematic review and meta-analysis of pre-clinical studies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 299-305页

作者： Catriona J.Cunningham Mindaugas Viskontas Krzysztof Janowicz Yasmin Sani Malin EHåkansson Anastasia Heidari Wenlong Huang Xuenong Bo institute of Medical Sciences School of MedicineMedical Sciences&NutritionUniversity of AberdeenAberdeenUK Centre for Neuroscience Surgery and TraumaBlizard InstituteBarts and the London School of Medicine and DentistryQueen Mary University of LondonLondonUK

Currently,there is no cure for traumatic spinal co rd injury but one therapeutic approach showing promise is gene *** this systematic review and meta-analysis,we aim to assess the efficacy of gene therapies in pre-clinical models of spinal cord injury and the risk of *** this metaanalysis,registe red at PROSPERO(Registration ID:CRD42020185008),we identified relevant controlled in vivo studies published in English by searching the PubMed,Web of Science,and Embase *** restrictions of the year of publication were applied and the last literature search was conducted on August 3,*** then conducted a random-effects meta-analysis using the restricted maximum likelihood estimator.A total of 71 studies met our inclusion crite ria and were included in the systematic *** results showed that overall,gene therapies were associated with improvements in locomotor score(standardized mean difference[SMD]:2.07,95%confidence interval[CI]:1.68-2.47,Tau^(2)=2.13,I^(2)=83.6%)and axonal regrowth(SMD:2.78,95%CI:1.92-3.65,Tau^(2)=4.13,I^(2)=85.5%).There was significant asymmetry in the funnel plots of both outcome measures indicating the presence of publication *** used a modified CAMARADES(Collaborative Approach to M eta-Analysis and Review of Animal Data in Experimental Studies)checklist to assess the risk of bias,finding that the median score was 4(IQR:3-5).In particula r,reports of allocation concealment and sample size calculations were *** conclusion,gene therapies are showing promise as therapies for spinal co rd injury repair,but there is no consensus on which gene or genes should be targeted.

关键词： animal models gene delivery meta-analysis regenerative medicine spinal cord injury systematic review viral vectors

Autophagy inhibition by chloroquine sensitizes HT-29 colorectal cancer cells to concurrent chemoradiation

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology 2014年第3期6卷 74-82页

作者： Caitlin A Schonewolf Monal Mehta Devora Schiff Hao Wu Bruce G Haffty Vassiliki Karantza Salma K Jabbour Departments of Radiation Oncology Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyThe Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08903United States Departments of Medicine Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolUniversity of Medicine and Dentistry of New JerseyThe Cancer Institute of New JerseyNew BrunswickNJ 08903United States

AIM:To investigate whether the inhibition of autophagy by chloroquine(CQ)sensitizes rectal tumors to radiation therapy(RT)or concurrent chemoradiation(chemoRT).METHODS:In vitro,HCT-116 and HT-29 colorectal cancer(CRC)cell lines were treated as following:(1)PBS;(2)CQ;(3)5-fluorouracil(5-FU);(4)RT;(5)CQ and RT;(6)5-FU and RT;(7)CQ and 5-FU;and(8)5-FU and CQ and *** group was then exposed to various doses of radiation(0-8 Gy)depending on the *** viability and proliferative capacity were measured by3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide(MTT)and clonogenic *** survivalcurves were constructed and compared across treatment *** status was determined by assessing the LC3-Ⅱto LC3-Ⅰratio on western blot analysis,autophagosome formation on electron microscopy and identification of a perinuclear punctate pattern with GFPlabeled LC3 on fluorescence *** cycle arrest and cell death were evaluated by FACS and AnnexinⅤ*** experiments were performed in triplicate and statistical analysis was performed by the student’s t test to compare means between treatment ***:RT(2-8 Gy)induced autophagy in HCT-116and HT-29 CRC cell lines at 4 and 6 h post-radiation,respectively,as measured by increasing LC3-Ⅱto LC3-Ⅰratio on western ***,electron microscopy demonstrated autophagy induction in HT-29 cells24 h following irradiation at a dose of 8 *** treatment with 5-FU(25μmol/L)induced autophagy and the combination of 5-FU and RT demonstrated synergism in autophagy ***(10μmol/L)alone and in combination with RT effectively inhibited autophagy and sensitized both HCT-116 and HT-29 cells to treatment with radiation(8 Gy;P<0.001 and 0.00001,respectively).Significant decrease in clonogenic survival was seen only in the HT-29 cell line,when CQ was combined with RT at doses of 2 and 8 Gy(P<0.5 and P=0.05,respectively).There were no differences in cell cycle progression or Annexin V st

关键词： Autophagy Chloroquine Radiosensitization Colorectal cancer

Effects of Chairside Polishing and Brushing on SurfaceRoughness of Acrylic Denture Base Resins

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2009年第1期24卷 100-105页

作者： Seung-Kyun Kim Ju-Mi Park Min-Ho Lee Jae-Youn Jung Shipu Li Xinyu Wang Department of Prosthodontics and institute of Oral Bioscience School of Dentistry Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Department of Dental Biomaterials and institute of Oral Bioscience School of Dentistry Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical & Aerospace System Engineering and RCIT Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

The effects of 3 chairside polishing kits and mechanical brushing on the surface roughness of 3 different acrylic denture base resins were compared. Acrylic denture base resins （auto-polymerizing, heat-polymerizing, injected heat-polymerizing resins） were examined after a tungsten carbide bur, and after chairside polishing using 3 polishing kits and pumice. The specimens were subjected to mechanical brushing using a wear tester to simulate 30 000 strokes of brushing. The surface roughness of the acrylic denture base resin specimens was measured using a contact pro-filometer. After the test, the random polished acrylic resins were evaluated by scanning electron mi-croscopy （SEM） and atomic force microscopy （AFM）. Acrylic denture base resins polished using the 3 types of polishing kits had a smoother surface than those finished with the tungsten carbide bur （p〈0.05）. The surface of the resin polished by a TC cutter exceeded the Ra of 0.2 μm （p〈0.05）. The auto-polymerizing resin showed a significantly higher surface roughness than the heat-polymerizing resin and injected heat-polymerizing resin （p〉0.05）. In the case of polishing step wise, there was almost no change in surface roughness after brushing （p〉0.05）.

关键词： acrylic denture base resin polishing brushing surface roughness

Comparative Study of Visual and Instrumental Analyses of Shade Selection

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Journal of Wuhan University of Technology(Materials Science) 2010年第1期25卷 62-67页

作者： Jee-Ha Choi Ju-Mi Park Seung-Geun Ahn Kwang-Yeob Song Min-Ho Lee Jae-Youn Jung Xinyu Wang Department of Prosthodontics and institute of Oral Bioscience School of Dentistry Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Department of Dental Biomaterials and institute of Oral Bioscience School of Dentistry Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Division of Mechanical & Aerospace System Engineering and RCIT Chonbuk National University Jeonju Republic of Korea Biomedical Materials and Engineering Research Center Wuhan University of Technology Wuhan 430070 China

The difference between visual and instrumental analyses of a shade selection on natural teeth was investigated. With visual analysis, five prosthodontist examined the middle third of the unrestored maxillary right central incisor of a patient using VITAPEN classical and Vita Toothguide 3D-MASTER tooth shade guide. In instrumental analysis, one prosthodontist examined the same teeth using a spectrophotometer （ShadepilotTM, Degudent, Hanau-Wolfgang, Germany, software 2.40）. Overall, instrumental analysis is more accurate and reproducible than a visual assessment. However, the difference is clinically acceptable.

关键词： shade selection visual analysis instrumental analysis spectrophotometer

Mapping the quality of prenatal and postnatal care and demographic differences on child mortality in 26 low to middle-income countries

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2023年第9期19卷 835-850页

作者： Kelly Lin Serena Chern Jing Sun School of Medicine and dentistry Griffith UniversityParkland DriveGold CoastQLD4215Australia institute for Integrated and Intelligent Systems Griffith UniversityGold Coast4222Australia Menzies Health institute Queensland Griffith UniversityGold CoastAustralia

Background Closing the gap between child mortality in low-and middle-income countries(LMICs)and high-income countries is a priority set by the WHO in sustainable development goals(SDGs).We aimed to examine poor nutrition and prenatal and postnatal care that could increase the risk of child mortality in *** The Demographic and Health Survey(DHS)was used to examine data from 26 countries to compare prenatal,postnatal,nutritional,and demographic factors across *** of child death was classified into death before one month of age,between 1 to 11 months,between one to two years,between three to five years,and overall death before five ***-square analyses identified differences in prenatal care,postnatal care,nutrition,and demographic factors between children who died and those who *** regression identified factors that increased child mortality *** The majority of deaths occurred before the ages of one month and one *** poorer quality of prenatal care,postnatal care,and nutrition were found in low-income and low-middle-income countries in the contemporary *** child mortality and poor quality of prenatal and postnatal care coincide with low *** in LMICs were exposed to less vitamin A-rich foods than children in higher-middle-income *** use of intestinal parasite drugs and the absence of postpartum maternal vitamin A supplementation significantly increased child mortality *** socio-demographic risk factors were associated with an increased mortality rate in children,including lack of education,maternal marital status,family wealth index,living rurally,and financial problems hindering access to *** Poor nutrition remains a vital factor across all LMICs,with numerous children being exposed to foods low in iron and vitamin ***,most deaths occur in neonates and infants,indicating an urgent need to address risk factors associated with early chil

关键词： Child mortality Low-and middle-income countries Postnatal care Prenatal care