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Prenatal multiple micronutrient-fortified balanced energy-protein supplementation and newborn telomere length and mitochondrial DNA content: a randomized controlled efficacy trial in rural Burkina Faso

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年

作者： Giles T.Hanley-Cook Yuri Bastos-Moreira Dries S.Martens Trenton Dailey-Chwalibóg laeticia Celine Toe Brenda de Kok Lionel Ouédraogo Alemayehu Argaw Kokeb Tesfamariam Patrick Kolsteren Lieven Huybregts Tim S.Nawrot Sarah De Saeger Marthe De Boevre Carl lachat Department of Food Technology， Safety and Health， Faculty of Bioscience Engineering， Ghent University Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health， MYTOXSOUTH~(?) Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Centre for Environmental Sciences， Hasselt University Unité Nutrition et Maladies Métaboliques， institut de recherche en Sciences de la Santé (IRSS) Centre Muraz Center of Excellence in Mycotoxicology and Public Health， MYTOXSOUTH? Coordination Unit， Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences， Ghent University Nutrition， Diets， and Health Unit， Department of Food and Nutrition Policy， International Food Policy Research institute (IFPRI) Department of Public Health & Primary Care， University of Leuven Department of Biotechnology and Food Technology， Faculty of Science， University of Johannesburg， Doornfontein Campus

Background: Evidence regarding the effectiveness of prenatal nutritional supplements has mainly considered anthropometric pregnancy outcomes. The effect on markers of health and disease， such as offspring telomere length (TL) and mitochondrial DNA content (mtDNAc) is unknown. Objectives: We assessed the efficacy of maternal multiple micronutrient (MMN)-fortified balanced-energy protein (BEP) and iron-folic acid (IFA) supplementation on newborn TL as a secondary outcome and mtDNAc as a non-declared outcome. Design: We conducted a randomized controlled trial in rural Burkina Faso， among pregnant females (15-40 years old) enrolled at lative TL and mtDNAc were measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Linear regression models were fitted to assess TL and mtDNAc differences across trial arms. Results: We found that a combined daily MMN-fortified BEP supplement and IFA tablet did not affect newborn TL [β = -0.010 (95% CI: -0.057， 0.036); P = 0.662] or mtDNAc [β = 0.065 (95% CI: -0.203， 0.073); P = 0.354]， as compared to an IFA tablet alone. These findings were confirmed (P > 0.05) by adjusting the regression models for potential prognostic factors of study outcomes at enrollment. Exploratory analyses indicated higher， but non-significantly different mtDNAc among children born either small-for-gestational age， low birthweight， or preterm. Conclusions: Newborns from mothers who received daily nutritional supplements across gestation did not have different relative TL or mtDNAc.

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Short-term effects of obestatin on hexose uptake and triacylglycerol breakdown in human subcutaneous adipocytes

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World Journal of Diabetes 2018年第1期9卷 25-32页

作者： Christian Carpéné Francisco Les David Estève Jean Galitzky institut des Maladies Métaboliques et Cardiovasculaires Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale Université Paul Sabatier Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Health Sciences Universidad San Jorge

AIM To study complete dose-dependent effects of obestatin on lipolytic and glucose transport activities in human adipocyte preparations highly responsive to *** Adipocytes were prepared by liberase digestion from subcutaneous abdominal adipose tissue obtained from overweight subjects undergoing plastic surgery. The index of lipolytic activity was the glycerol released in the incubation medium, while glucose transport was assessed by [~3H]-2-deoxyglucose uptake *** When tested from 0.1 nmol/L to 1 μmol/L, obestatin did not stimulate glycerol release; it did not inhibit the lipolytic effect of isoprenaline and did not alter the insulin antilipolytic effect. Obestatin hardly activated glucose transport at 1 μmol/L only. Moreover, the obestatin stimulation effect was clearly lower than the threefold increase induced by insulin 100 nmol/*** Low doses of obestatin cannot directly influence lipolysis and glucose uptake in human fat cells.

关键词： Insulin Lipolysis Adipokines Glucose uptake Obestatin Human adipocytes

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Coronatine-lnsensitive 1 （COI1） Mediates Transcriptional Responses of Arabidopsis thaliana to External Potassium Supply

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Molecular Plant 2010年第2期3卷 390-405页

作者： Patrick Armengaud Rainer Breitling Anna Amtmann Faculty of Biomedical and Life Sciences University of Glasgow Glasgow G12 8QQ UK Present address: institut national de la recherche agronomique Unite de nutrition azotee des plantes RD10 78026 Versailles Cedex France Groningen Bioinformatics Centre University of Groningen Kerklaan 30 9751 NN Haren The Netherlands

The ability to adjust growth and development to the availability of mineral nutrients in the soil is an essential life skill of plants but the underlying signaling pathways are poorly understood. In Arab/dops/s thal/ana, shortage of po- tassium （K） induces a number of genes related to the phytohormone jasmonic acid （JA）. Using comparative microarray analysis of wild-type and coi1-16 mutant plants, we classified transcriptional responses to K with respect to their depen- dence on COI1, a central component of oxylipin signaling. Expression profiles obtained in a short-term experiment clearly distinguished between COil-dependent and COil-independent K-responsive genes, and identified both known and novel targets of JA-COIl-signaling. During long-term K-deficiency, coi-16 mutants displayed de novo responses covering similar functions as COil-targets except for defense. A putative role of JA for enhancing the defense potential of K-deficient plants was further supported by the observation that plants grown on low K were less damaged by thrips than plants grown with sufficient K.

关键词： Hormonal regulation nutrition secondary metabolism/natural products transcriptome analysis plantinsect interactions Arabidopsis.

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A Rapid and Cost-Effective Method for Genotyping Genome-Edited Animals：A Heteroduplex Mobility Assay Using Microfluidic Capillary Electrophoresis

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Journal of Genetics and Genomics 2016年第5期43卷 341-348页

作者： Vanessa Chenouard Lucas Brusselle Jean-Marie Heslan Séverine Remy Séverine Ménoret Claire Usal laure-Hélène Ouisse Tuan Huy NGuyen Ignacio Anegon laurent Tesson institut national de la Sante'Et de la recherche Medicale UMR 1064-1nstitut Transplantation Urologie-Nephrologie Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes Nantes 44093 France Transgenesis Rat ImmunoPhenomic Platform Structure Federative de Recherche Frangois Bonamy Centre National de Recherche Scientifique UMS3556 Nantes 44093 France GenoCellEdit INSERM UMR 1064-ITUN CHU Nantes Nantes 44093 France

The recent emergence and application of engineered endonucleases have led to the development of genome editing tools capable of rapidly implementing various targeted genome editions in a wide range of ***,these novel tools have become easier to use and have resulted in a great increase of *** gene knockout（KO） or knockin（KI） animal models are relatively easy to achieve,there is a bottleneck in the detection and analysis of these *** several methods exist to detect these targeted mutations,we developed a heteroduplex mobility assay on an automated microfluidic capillary electrophoresis system named HMA-CE in order to accelerate the genotyping *** HMA-CE method uses a simple PCR amplification of genomic DNA（gDNA） followed by an automated capillary electrophoresis step which reveals a heteroduplexes（HD） signature for each *** allows efficient discrimination of wild-type and genome-edited animals down to the single base pair level.

关键词： Genome editing Genotyping Heteroduplex mobility assay Capillary electrophoresis

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Prevalence and Factors Associated with Sharing of Human Immunodeficiency Seropositivity Status among Serodiscordant Couples in the City of Parakou (Benin)

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第1期14卷 1-18页

作者： Djossou Sègnon Eurydice Elvire Damien Georgia Barikissou Meba Bio Mamatou Tokpanoude Ignace Ahanhanzo-Glele Rhonel Ataigba Iretinethania Elie Agossoukpe Benoit Kakpo-Zannou Rodrigue Kamoutchoni Corneille Aguemon Badirou Unité de santé publique de la Faculté des Sciences de la santé (FSS) Universitéd’Abomey-Calavi (UAC) Cotonou Bénin Association des Médecins Communautaires de Bénin (AMCB) Parakou Bénin Association Béninoise pour la Promotion de la Famille (ABPF) Parakou Bénin Centre d’Information de Prospective d’Ecoute et de Conseil sur les IST/VIH/Sida du Borgou et de l’Alibori (CIPEC/B-A) Parakou Bénin institut de Formation enSoinsInfirmiers et Obstétricaux (IFSIO) Faculté de Médecine (FMP) Parakou Bénin Service de Psychiatrie Centre HospitalierUniversitaireDépartemental du BorgouAlibori (CHUD/B-A) Parakou Bénin Service de Médecine Interne H&#244pital Saint-Jean de Dieu de Boko N’Dali Bénin

Introduction: In serodiscordant couples, sharing serostatus is a crucial step in the HIV risk management process. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with serostatus sharing among HIV serodiscordant couples in the city of Parakou. Setting and methods: This study was carried out in the city of Parakou, capital of northern Benin. It was a descriptive, analytical cross-sectional study with non-probability sampling for convenience. Socio-demographic data, as well as data on antecedents, behaviours, social and marital life, were collected using a questionnaire gave to the participants. Clinical and therapeutic data were collected from patients’ medical records and follow-up charts. Data were analyzed and processed using R 4.3.1 software. The significance level was set at 5%, and logistic regression was used to identify potential predictors of shared serostatus among serodiscordant couples in the city of Parakou in 2022. Results: A total of 299 participants in long-term serodiscordant relationships were included in our study. The average age of the subjects was 37.55 ± 10.25 years. Women were the infected partner in 80.27% of cases. The most common level of education was secondary (33.45%). Most respondents (230 subjects, 76.92%) were married. The average duration of the couple’s relationship was 121.68 months ± 96.32. The most frequent screening circumstances were: Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) (50.84%) and hospital screening (26.09%). The infected partner shared his or her serostatus with his or her spouse in 47.83% of cases. Potential predictors of serostatus sharing within the couple were: marital status (p Conclusion: The sharing of serostatus within serodiscordant couples needs to be managed in a way that takes into account the social and marital characteristics of the couple.

关键词： Serodiscordance Sharing of Serostatus HIV Partner Benin

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Critical review of EPS production, synthesis and composition for sludge flocculation

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第4期30卷 225-245页

作者： Klai Nouha Ram Saurabh Kumar Sellamuthu Balasubramanian Rajeshwar Dayal Tyagi Universite du Quebec Institut national de la Recherche Scientifique Centre Eau Terre & Environnement 490 de la CouronneQuebec G1K 9A9 Canada institut Armand-Frappier 531 boul. des Prairies Laval Quebec H7V 1B7 Canada

Extracellular polymeric substances（EPS） produced by microorganisms represent biological macromolecules with unfathomable potentials and they are required to be explored further for their potential application as a bioflocculant in various wastewater sludge treatment. Although several studies already exist on biosynthetic pathways of different classical biopolymers like alginate and xanthan, no dedicated studies are available for EPS in sludge. This review highlights the EPS composition, functionality, and biodegradability for its potential use as a carbon source for production of other metabolites. Furthermore, the effect of various extraction methods（physical and chemical） on compositional, structural, physical and functional properties of microbial EPS has been addressed. The vital knowledge of the effect of extraction method on various important attributes of EPS can help to choose the suitable extraction method depending upon the intended use of EPS. The possible use of different molecular biological techniques for enhanced production of desired EPS was summarized.

关键词： Extracellular polymeric substances Metabolic pathways Extraction methods Flocculation properties

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Generation of obese rat model by transcription activator-like effector nucleases targeting the leptin receptor gene

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第2期60卷 152-157页

作者： Yuting Chen Wenqing Lu Na Gao Yi Long Yanjiao Shao Meizhen Liu Huaqing Chen Shixin Ye Xueyun Ma Mingyao Liu Dali Li Shanghai Key laboratory of Regulatory Biology Institute of Biomedical Sciences and School of Life Sciences East China Normal University Shanghai 200241 China Ecole Normale Supérieure Institut de Biologie de l' Ecole Normale Supérieure Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U1024 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unité Mixte de Recherche 8197 Paris F-75005 France institute of Biosciences and Technology Department of Molecular and Cellular Medicine Texas A&M University Health Science Center Houston Texas 77030 USA

The laboratory rat is a valuable mammalian model organism for basic research and drug discovery. Here we demonstrate an efficient methodology by applying transcription activator-like effector nucleases(TALENs) technology to generate Leptin receptor(Lepr) knockout rats on the Sprague Dawley(SD) genetic background. Through direct injection of in vitro transcribed m RNA of TALEN pairs into SD rat zygotes, somatic mutations were induced in two of three resulting pups. One of the founders carrying bi-allelic mutation exhibited early onset of obesity and infertility. The other founder carried a chimeric mutation which was efficiently transmitted to the progenies. Through phenotyping of the resulting three lines of rats bearing distinct mutations in the Lepr locus, we found that the strains with a frame-shifted or premature stop codon mutation led to obesity and metabolic disorders. However, no obvious defect was observed in a strain with an in-frame 57 bp deletion in the extracellular domain of Lepr. This suggests the deleted amino acids do not significantly affect Lepr structure and function. This is the first report of generating the Lepr mutant obese rat model in SD strain through a reverse genetic approach. This suggests that TALEN is an efficient and powerful gene editing technology for the generation of disease models.

关键词： TALENs Lepr knockout rat germ-line transmission

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Metabolic rewiring of stem cells and differentiated cells in cancer: the hypothetical consequences of a GABA deficiency in endocrine pancreas

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Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment 2019年第2期4卷 65-76页

作者： Maurice Israёl institut Alfred Fessard Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 2 Av. Terrasse 91190 Gif sur Yvette France

The carcinogenic mechanism proposed considers that stem cells committed to repair tissues and differentiated cells, acquire different metabolic properties, if there is an associated GABA deficiency suppressing a control system of the endocrine pancreas. This control system mediated by GABA, released with insulin, normally turns off glucagon and somatostatin release when insulin is released. A consequence of the GABA deficiency in pancreas and adrenals is a hybrid insulin-glucagon-somatostatin message, received by new mitotic stem cells displaying then a hybrid metabolic rewiring. This gives them a selective metabolic advantage over differentiated cells that become insulin resistant and only receive the glucagon- somatostatin part of the hormonal message. Indeed, their insulin receptors are desensitized by the persistent leakage of insulin resulting from the GABA deficiency that fails to close the insulin release mechanism. Thus differentiated cells are simply rewired to be plundered by stem cells. The metabolic advantage gained by stem cells blocks their own differentiation and maintains their mitotic capacity. Inevitable mutations of mitotic cells follow, the immune system is unable to eliminate a geometrically increasing number of altered stem cells, a selection of the most aggressive but metabolically successful population takes place when cancer is declared.

关键词： Cancer metabolism endocrine pancreas adrenals GABA stem cells differentiated cells

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Gasdermin D as a cellular switch to orientate immune responses via IL-33 or IL-1β

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2023年第1期20卷 8-10页

作者： Camille Chauvin Sruthi Vijaya Retnakumar Jagadeesh Bayry institut national de la Santéet de la recherche Médicale Centre de Recherche des CordeliersSorbonne UniversitéUniversitéde Paris75006ParisFrance Department of Biological Sciences&Engineering Indian Institute of Technology PalakkadPalakkad678623India

Interleukin(IL)-33 is a nuclear cytokine in the IL-1 family that is constitutively expressed in the epithelial cells of environmentally exposed tissues(skin,gastrointestinal tract and lungs)and endothelial ***-33 is involved in type 2 innate immunity via the activation of eosinophils,basophils,mast cells,group 2 innate lymphoid cells and macrophages through its receptor ST2(also called IL1RL1)[1].Due to the absence of a secretory signal sequence,IL-33 was thought to be passively released during cell necrosis,physical stress or tissue damage and was accordingly considered an alarmin[2].

关键词： immunity Interleukin damage

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mpaired regulatory T cell function in autoimmune Jiseases： are microRNAs the culprits？

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2016年第2期13卷 135-137页

作者： Varun K Sharma Srini V Kaveri Jagadeesh Bayry institut national de la Sante et de la recherche Medicale Unit6 1138 Paris France Centre de recherche des Cordeliers Equipe - Imm unopathology and therapeutic immunointervention Paris France International Associated laboratory IMPACT Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale Paris France and Indian Council of Medical Research India National Institute of Immuno- haematology Mumbai India Sorbonne Universites UPMC Univ Paris 06 UMR S 1138 Paris France Universite Paris Descartes Sorbonne Paris Cite UMR S 1138 Paris France

MicroRNAs （miRNAs） are evolu- tionarily conserved small non-coding RNA sequences, approximately 22 nucleotides in length, that act as negative regulators of target genes via binding to the 3＇-untranslated region of... 详细信息

关键词： microRNA 调节性T细胞免疫功能 miRNAs RNA序列 mRNA 非翻译区非编码

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