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Temporo-spatial dynamics and behavioural patterns of 2012 cholera epidemic in the African mega-city of Conakry,Guinea

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 145-154页

作者： Alexandre Blake Veronique Sarr Keita delphine Sauvageot Mamadou Saliou Berthe Marie Njanpop Fode Sory Bertrand Sudre Koivogui lamine Martin Mengel Bradford DGessner Keita Sakoba Agence de Medecine Préventive ParisFrance Division Prevention et Lutte contre la Maladie(DPLM) Ministere de la santéPublique et de l’Hygiene Publique ConakryConakryGuinea institut national de sante Publique(INSP) ConakryGuinea Franche-Comtéuniversity(uMR 6249 chrono-environnement) BesançonFrance.

Background:Cholera is endemic in Guinea,having suffered consecutive outbreaks from 2004 to 2008 followed by a lull until the 2012 *** we describe the temporal-spatial and behavioural characteristics of cholera cases in Conakry during a three-year period,including the large-scale 2012 ***:We used the national and African Cholera Surveillance Network(Africhol)surveillance data collected from every cholera treatment centre in Conakry city from August 2011 to december *** prevalence of suspect and confirmed cholera cases,the case fatality ratio(CFR),and the factors associated with suspected cholera were described according to three periods:pre-epidemic(A),epidemic 2012(B)and post epidemic(C).Weekly attack rates and temporal-spatial clustering were calculated at municipality level for period *** was confirmed by culture at the cholera national reference ***:A total of 4559 suspect cases were reported:66,4437,and 66 suspect cases in periods A,B and C,*** the 204 suspect cases with culture results available,6%,60%,and 70%were confirmed in periods A,B,and C,*** 0.3%,the CFR was significantly lower in period B than in periods A(7.6%)and C(7.1%).The overall attack rate was 0.28%in period B,ranging from 0.17%to 0.31%across ***,a cluster of cases was identified in two districts in the northern part of *** 14%,rice water stools were less frequent in period A than in period B and C(78%and 84%).dehydration(31%vs 94%and 89%)and coma(0.4%vs 3.1%and 2.9%)were lower during period B than in periods A and *** treatment of drinking water was less frequent in period A,while there were more reports of recent travel in period ***:The epidemic dynamic and the sociological description of suspect cases before,during,and after the large-scale epidemic revealed that the Vibrio cholerae was already present before the ***,it appeared that infected individuals react

关键词： Cholera Space-time clustering Guinea

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Concurrent PIEZO1 activation and ATP2B4 blockade effectively reduce the risk of cerebral malaria and inhibit in vitro Plasmodium falciparum multiplication in red blood cells

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Genes & Diseases 2023年第6期10卷 2210-2214页

作者： Mathieu Adjemout Bruno Pouvelle Fatou Thiam Alassane Thiam Magali Torres Samia Nisar Babacar Mbengue Alioune Dieye Pascal Rihet Sandrine Marquet institut national de la Santéet de la recherche Médicale(INSERM) UnitéMixte de Recherche(UMR)U1090Aix Marseille UniversitéTAGC Theories and Approaches of Genomic ComplexityInstitut MarMaRaMarseilleFrance Groupe de recherche Biotechnologie Appliquée et Bioprocédés Environnementaux(GRBA-BE) Ecole Supérieure PolytechniqueUniversitéCheikh Anta Diop de DakarDakar BP5005Senegal Pole D’Immunophysiopathologie&Maladies Infectieuses(IMI) Institut Pasteur de DakarDakar BP 220Senegal Service D’Immunologie UniversitéCheikh Anta Diop de DakarDakar BP5005Senegal Aix Marseille university CNRSMarseille 13009France

Malaria caused by the Plasmodium falciparum parasite is responsible for more than 240 million cases per year and killed 627,000 people in 2020,mostly African *** malaria parasite is transmitted by mosquitos belonging to the genus *** an asymptomatic liver stage,the parasite is released into the bloodstream to invade red blood cells(RBCs)and replicate *** erythrocytic phase is associated with a variety of clinical manifestations,including mild and severe *** malaria(CM)is one of the most severe forms,characterized by the sequestration of parasitized RBCs in the small capillaries of the brain and the local development of cytokine-mediated *** variants in genes encoding proteins involved in red blood cell physiology are protective factors against severe malaria,as clearly demonstrated for the sickle cell variant of hemoglobin(HbS).

关键词： malaria falciparum Plasmodium

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defensins couple dysbiosis to primary immunodeficiency in Crohn's disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2011年第5期17卷 567-571页

作者： Mathias Chamaillard Rodrigue dessein institut Pasteur de Lille Center for Infection and Immunity of LilleF-59019 LilleFrance Mathias ChamaillardRodrigue DesseinCNRSUMR 8204F-59021 LilleFrance institut national de la Santé et de la recherche Médicale U1019Team 7Equipe FRMF-59019 LilleFrance univ Lille Nord de France F-59000 LilleFrance C.H.R.u.de Lille F-59000 LilleFrance

Antimicrobial peptides,including defensins,are essential effectors in host defence and in the maintenance of immune *** studies have linked the defective expression of both α-and β-defensin to the reduced killing of certain microorganisms by the intestinal mucosa of patients suffering from ileal and colonic Crohn's disease(CD),*** recently have the events leading to defective expression of defensins in CD been further elucidated,and are discussed *** events may account for CD-associated alterations in the microbiome and may subsequently precipitate the development of granulomatous inflammatory lesions in genetically-predisposed *** also address how these discoveries may pave the way for the development of a molecular medicine aimed at restoring gut barrier function in CD.

关键词： Crohn's disease defensins Primary immuno-deficiencies

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Probiotic yeasts: Anti-inflammatory potential of various non-pathogenic strains in experimental colitis in mice

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第17期16卷 2134-2145页

作者： Benot Foligné Jo■lle dewulf Pascal Vandekerckove Georges Pignède Bruno Pot institut Pasteur of Lille Lactic acid Bacteria & Mucosal ImmunityCenter for Infection and Immunity of Lille1 rue du Pr CalmetteBP 245F-59019 LilleFrance university of Lille Nord de France F-59000 LilleFrance Centre national de la recherche Scientifique UMR 8204F-59021 LilleFrance institut national de la Santé et de la recherche Médicale U1019F-59019 LilleFrance Lesaffre International Direction of Research and Developpement147 rue Gabriel PériBP 602759700 Marcq-en-BaroeulFrance

AIM: To evaluate the in vitro immunomodulation capacity of various non-pathogenic yeast strains and to investigate the ability of some of these food grade yeasts to prevent experimental colitis in ***: In vitro immunomodulation was assessed by measuring cytokines [interleukin (IL)-12p70,IL-10,tumor necrosis factor and interferon γ] released by human peripheral blood mononuclear cells after 24 h stimulation with 6 live yeast strains (Saccharomyces ssp.) and with bacterial reference strains.A murine model of acute 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS)-colitis was next used to evaluate the distinct prophylactic protective capacities of three yeast strains compared with the performance of prednisolone ***: The six yeast strains all showed similar non-discriminating anti-inflammatory potential when tested on immunocompetent cells in vitro .However,although they exhibited similar colonization patterns in vivo ,some yeast strains showed significant anti-inflammatory activities in the TNBS-induced colitis model,whereas others had weaker or no preventive effect at all,as evidenced by colitis markers (body-weight loss,macroscopic and histological scores,myeloperoxidase activities and blood inflammatory markers).CONCLuSION: A careful selection of strains is required among the biodiversity of yeasts for specific clinical studies,including applications in inflammatory bowel disease and other therapeutic uses.

关键词： Yeast Probiotics Strain specificity Experimental colitis 2-4-6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid

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Magnesium sulfate and fetal neuroprotection: overview of clinical evidence

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2044-2049页

作者： Clément Chollat Stéphane Marret institut national de la Santé et de la recherche Médicale u1245 Genetics and Pathophysiology of Neurodevelopmental Disorders Team 4Neovasc Institute of Research and Innovation in Biomedicine Rouen School of Medicine Normandy University department of Neonatal Intensive Care Port Royal University Hospital department of Neonatal Pediatrics and Intensive Care and Neuropediatrics Charles-Nicolle University Hospital

Antenatal administration of magnesium sulfate is an important part of the neuroprotective strategy for preterm infants. Strong evidence from five randomized controlled trials and five meta-analyses has demonstrated that magnesium sulfate, when administered before preterm delivery, significantly reduces the risk of cerebral palsy at two years. Through secondary analyses of randomized controlled trials and other original clinical studies, this state-of-the-art review highlights the absence of serious adverse effects in both pregnant women and neonates, as well as the impact of maternal body mass index and preeclamptic status on the maternal and neonatal magnesium levels, which could influence the magnitude of the neuroprotective effect. Although antenatal magnesium sulfate is a cost-effective strategy, some practice surveys have demonstrated that the use of magnesium sulfate is not sufficient and that its use is heterogeneous, differing among different maternity wards. Since 2010, an increasing number of obstetrical societies have recommended its use to improve the neurological outcomes of preterm infants, especially the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics and World Health Organization in 2015, and France in 2017. Considering the neuroprotective impact of magnesium sulfate when administered before delivery, postnatal administration should be considered, and its effects should be assessed using randomized controlled trials.

关键词： magnesium sulfate preterm birth neuroprotection cerebral palsy neurodevelopment international recommendations clinical studies meta-analysis preeclampsia cost-effectiveness

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Comparison of Cox Model Methods in A Low-dimensional Setting with Few Events

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Genomics, Proteomics & Bioinformatics 2016年第4期14卷 235-243页

作者： Francisco M. Ojeda Christian Miiller Daniela Bornigen David-Alexandre Tregouet Arne Schillert Matthias Heinig Tanja Zeller Renate B. Schnabel department of General and Interventional Cardiology University Heart Center Hamburg-Eppendorf 20246 Hamburg Germany German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK) Hamburg |Kiel| Luebeck Germany Sorbonne universites University Pierre et Marie Curie Paris 06 Institut National pour la Sante et la Recherche Medicale (INSERM) Unite Mixte de Recherche en Sante (UMR_S) 1166 F-75013 Paris France institute for Cardiometaholism and Nutrition (ICAN) F-75013 Paris France institut fur Medizinische Biometrie und Statistik Universitat zu Lubeck Universitatsklinikum Schleswig-Holstein Campus Lubeck 23562 Lubeck Germany institute of Computational Biology German Research Center for Environmental Health Helmholtz Zentrum Munchen 85764 Neuherberg Germany

Prognostic models based on survival data frequently make use of the Cox proportional hazards model. developing reliable Cox models with few events relative to the number of predictors can be challenging, even in low-dimensional datasets, with a much larger number of observations than variables. In such a setting we examined the performance of methods used to estimate a Cox model, including （i） full model using all available predictors and estimated by standard techniques, （ii） backward elimination （BE）, （iii） ridge regression, （iv） least absolute shrinkage and selection operator （lasso）, and （v） elastic net. Based on a prospective cohort of patients with manifest coronary artery disease （CAD）, we performed a simulation study to compare the predictive accuracy, calibration, and discrimination of these approaches, Candidate predictors for incident cardiovascular events we used included clinical variables, biomarkers, and a selection of genetic variants associated with CAD. The penalized methods, i.e., ridge, lasso, and elastic net, showed a comparable performance, in terms of predictive accuracy, calibration, and discrimination, and outperformed BE and the full model. Excessive shrinkage was observed in some cases for the penalized methods, mostly on the simulation scenarios having the lowest ratio of a number of events to the number of variables. We conclude that in similar settings, these three penalized methods can be used interchangeably. The full model and backward elimination are not recommended in rare event scenarios.

关键词： Proportional hazards regression Penalized regression Events per variable Coronary artery disease

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Fabrication of lithium silicates from zeolite for CO2 capture at high temperatures

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2019年第6期28卷 81-89页

作者： Yu Zhang Yanshan Gao Benoit Louis Qiang Wang Weiran Lin College of Environmental Science and Engineering Beijing Forestry UniversityBeijing 100083China ICPEES - institut de Chimie et Procedes pour l’energie l’Environnement et la SanteUMR 7515 CNRS - Universite de Strasbourg67087 StrasbourgFrance Beijing Research institute of Chemical Industry SINOPECBeijing 100013China

Li4Si O4 has been regarded as one of the most promising high-temperature CO2 ***,for practical applications,its CO2sorption kinetics,cycling stability and sorption properties at lower temperatures or lower CO2 concentrations have to be *** this contribution,four Li4Si O4 sorbents were synthesized from zeolite precursors MCM-41,MCM-48,TS-1,and *** CO2 uptake,cycling stability and the optimal CO2 sorption conditions were *** the samples,MCM-41-Li4Si O4 showed the best cycling stability at 650°C,with a stable reversible CO2 uptake of 29.1 wt%under 100 vol%CO2 during 20 *** its sorption kinetics and CO2 uptakes at lower temperatures and lower CO2 concentrations need to be *** then demonstrated that the sorption kinetics can be improved by modifying the MCM-41 precursor with metals such as Al,Ti,Ca,and *** Na-MCM-41-Li4Si O4 sample exhibited the highest sorption rate,and reached the equilibrium sorption capacity close to the theoretical value of 36.7 wt%within 20 *** addition,we proved that coating the MCM-41-Li4Si O4with Na2CO3and K2CO3can significantly increase the CO2uptakes at lower temperatures(e.g.550℃)and lower CO2concentrations(10–20 vol%).At 550℃ and under 20 vol%CO2,15 wt%K2CO3-MCM-41-Li4Si O4 and 10 wt%Na2CO3-MCM-41-Li4Si O4 sorbents resulted in a CO2 uptake of 32.2 wt%and 34.7 wt%,respectively,which are much higher than that of MCM-41-Li4Si O4(11.8 wt%).These two sorbents also showed good cycling *** promoiting mechasnim by alkali carbonate coating was discussed by a doubleshell model.

关键词： Li4SiO4 Zeolite Lithium silicate-based CO2 sorbents Global warming

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A universal route to efficient non-linear response via Thomson scattering in linear solids

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national Science Review 2023年第7期10卷 203-212页

作者： Yongzheng Wen Flavio Giorgianni Igor Ilyakov Baogang Quan Sergey Kovalev Chen Wang Carlo Vicario Jan-Christoph deinert Xiaoyu Xiong Joe Bailey Min Chen Alexey Ponomaryov Nilesh Awari Andrea Rovere Jingbo Sun Roberto Morandotti Luca Razzari Gabriel Aeppli Junjie Li Ji Zhou State Key laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing School of Materials Science and Engineering Tsinghua University Paul Scherrer institut Helmholtz-Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf Beijing national laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics Institute of Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences institut de Physique école Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL) institut national de la recherche Scientifique (INRS) Centreénergie Matériaux et Télécommunications (EMT) department of Physics and Quantum Center ETH Zürich

Non-linear materials are cornerstones of modern optics and *** dependence on the intrinsic properties of particular materials,however,inhibits the at-will extension of demanding non-linear effects,especially those second-order ones,to widely adopted centrosymmetric materials(for example,silicon) and te chnologically important burgeoning spectral domains(for example,terahertz frequencies).Here we introduce a universal route to efficient non-linear responses enabled by exciting non-linear Thomson scattering,a fundamental process in electrodynamics that was known to occur only in relativistic electrons in metamaterial composed of linear *** a mechanism modulates the trajectory of charges,either intrinsically or extrinsically provided in solids,at twice the driving frequency,allowing second-harmonic generation at terahertz frequencies on crystalline silicon with extremely large non-linear susceptibility in our proof-of-concept *** offering a substantially material-and frequency-independent platform,our approach opens new possibilities in the fields of on-demand non-linear optics,terahertz sources,strong field light-solid interactions and integrated photonic circuits.

关键词： non-linear optical materials terahertz harmonic generation Thomson scattering magneto-electric coupling metamaterial

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Effect of self-weight consolidation on a hydro-sedimentological model for the Río de la Plata estuary

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International Journal of Sediment Research 2019年第5期34卷 444-454页

作者： Pablo Santoro Mónica Fossati Pablo Tassi Nicolas Huybrechts Damien Pham Van Bang Ismael Piedra-Cueva instituto de Mecánica de los Fluidos e Ingeniería Ambiental Facultad de Ingeniería Universidad de la República université Paris-Est Laboratory for Hydraulics Saint-Venant (ENPC-EDF/R& D-CEREMA) Electricity of France R&D Department Sorbonne universités Université de Technologie de Compiègne FRE UTC-CNRS 3023 Roberval Centre de Recherche Royallieu Cerema Direction Technique Eau Mer et Fleuves institut national de la recherche Scientifique Centre-Eau Terre Environnement

The effect of the consolidation process on the morphodynamics and fine sediment dynamics of the Río de la Plata estuary is explored through a circulation-wave-sediment transport model. The consolidation model is calibrated based on settling column experimental data. Different simulations are done in order to initialize the mud layer distribution and to investigate the impact of different erosion parameter assumptions on the modeled sediment dynamics. Finally a two-year simulation is done with and without the consolidation process and realistic hydrodynamic forcings. Considering the consolidation process, the model correctly reproduces measured vertical density profiles in the Montevideo Bay access channel. The simulated suspended sediment dynamics behavior in Montevideo Bay with the consolidation process provides a more realistic deposition pattern in regard to the dredging activities.

关键词： Cohesive sediment Self-weight consolidation Morphodynamics Numerical modeling

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Case Study for undetermined Mosquito Species by Polymerase Chain Reaction in Western Burkina Faso

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American Journal of Molecular Biology 2024年第2期14卷 43-53页

作者： Koudraogo Bienvenue Yaméogo Sassan Simplice Kambou Domonbabélé François de Sales Hien Logotio Rachel Angela Traore Franck Adama Yao Rakiswendé Serge Yerbanga Centre national de la recherche Scientifique et Technologique CNRST Institut de Recherche en Sciences de la Sante (IRSS) Laboratoire de recherche sur les maladies infectieuses et parasitaires Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso institut des Sciences et Techniques (INSTech Bobo) Avenue de Sya Bobo-Dioulasso Burkina Faso

Introduction: Malaria eradication campaigns all over the world are largely based on parasite and vector control. Vector identification, whether morphological or molecular, is an essential component of vector control. This study analyzed the possible causes of indeterminate polymerase chain reaction (PCR) results for mosquito species in Western part of Burkina Faso. Methodology: From July 2021 to November 2021, mosquitoes were collected during the period of high malaria transmission in the village of Séguéré, Houet province, Burkina Faso, and morphologically identified. After DNA extraction, samples were amplified by sine 200× PCR to identify species of the Anopheles gambiae complex. Indeterminate samples were then selected for further analysis. The parameters studied were: DNA dilution, the effect of protocol adjusting, and the type of protocol used. Results: A total of 130 “indeterminate” DNAs diluted 1:10 were analyzed. After dilution, the mean amount was 14.73 ± 3.59 ng/μL and absorbance 1.71 ± 0.1. PCR chain reaction yielded 94.62% (123/130) anopheline species in SINE PCR, 5.38% (7/130) “negative”. A significant difference between SINE PCR before dilution and after dilution was observed (P dentification tests carried out using other protocols gave no positive results. From these results, we note that the adaptation of the protocol significantly reduced the polymerase amplification results of the species. Conclusion: It is therefore necessary to respect the amplification protocols. However, the persistence of “indeterminate” results suggests that further studies should be carried out to shed more light on the subject.

关键词： Malaria Vector DNA PCR

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