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Compressive strain in Cu catalysts: Enhancing generation of C2+ products in electrochemical CO2 reduction

sciENCE BULLETIN 2024年第18期69卷 2881-2891页

作者： Fan, Qikui Yan, Pengxu Liu, Fuzhu Xu, Zhongshuang Liang, Pengfei Cao, Xi Ye, Chenliang Liu, Moxuan Zhao, Lingyi Ren, Shan Miao, Huanran Zhang, Xiai Yang, Zhimao Ding, Xiangdong Yang, Jian Kong, Chuncai Wu, Yuen Xi An Jiao Tong Univ Sch Phys MOE Key Lab Nonequilibrium Synth & Modulat Condens Key Lab Adv Mat & Mesoscop Phys Shaanxi Prov Xian 710049 Peoples R China Xi An Jiao Tong Univ State Key Lab Mech Behav Mat Xian 710049 Peoples R China Anhui Normal Univ Coll Chem & Mat Sci Wuhu 241002 Peoples R China North China Elect Power Univ Dept Power Engn Beijing 102206 Peoples R China Xian Univ sci & Technol Coll Chem & Chem Engn Xian 710054 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Shenzhen Inst Adv Technol Ctr Mat & Interfaces Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Univ sci & Technol China Collaborat Innovat Ctr Chem Energy Mat iChEM Sch Chem & Mat Sci Hefei Natl Lab Phys Sci Microscale Hefei 230026 Peoples R China Univ sci & Technol China Natl Synchrotron Radiat Lab Hefei 230026 Peoples R China

Elastic strain in Cu catalysts enhances their selectivity for the electrochemical CO2 reduction reaction (eCO(2)RR), particularly toward the formation of multicarbon (C2+) products. However, the reasons for this selectivity and the effect of catalyst precursors have not yet been clarified. Hence, we employed a redox strategy to induce strain on the surface of Cu nanocrystals. Oxidative transformation was employed to convert Cu nanocrystals to CuxO nanocrystals; these were subsequently electrochemically reduced to form Cu catalysts, while maintaining their compressive strain. Using a flow cell configuration, a current density of 1 A/cm(2) and Faradaic efficiency exceeding 80% were realized for the C2+ products. The selectivity ratio of C2+/C1 was also remarkable at 9.9, surpassing that observed for the Cu catalyst under tensile strain by approximately 7.6 times. In-situ Raman and infrared spectroscopy revealed a decrease in the coverage of K+ ion-hydrated water (KH2O) on the compressively strained Cu catalysts, consistent with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations. Finite element method simulations confirmed that reducing the coverage of coordinated KH2O water increased the probability of intermediate reactants interacting with the surface, thereby promoting efficient C-C coupling and enhancing the yield of C2+ products. These findings provide valuable insights into targeted design strategies for Cu catalysts used in the eCO(2)RR. (c) 2024 science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and science China Press. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Strain effect CO2 electroreduction to C2+ Catalytic selectivity Copper catalyst Water coverage SPECTROSCOPY REVEALS CARBON-MONOXIDE COPPER SELECTIVITY ETHYLENE OPERANDO

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Discovery and evaluation of a novel 18F-labeled vasopressin 1a receptor PET ligand with peripheral binding specificity

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ACTA PHARMACEUTICA SINICA B 2024年第9期14卷 4014-4027页

作者： Hu, Junqi Li, Yinlong Dong, Chenchen Wei, Huiyi Liao, Kai Wei, Junjie Zhao, Chunyu Chaudhary, Ahmad Chen, Jiahui Xu, Hao Zhong, Ke Liang, Steven H. Wang, Lu Ye, Weijian Jinan Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Ctr Cyclotron & PET Radiopharmaceut Dept Nucl Med Guangzhou 510630 Peoples R China Jinan Univ Affiliated Hosp 1 Key Lab Basic & Translat Res Radiopharmaceut Guangzhou 510630 Peoples R China Emory Univ Dept Radiol & Imaging Sci Atlanta GA 30322 USA Sun Yat Sen Univ Sun Yat Sen Mem Hosp Dept Pharm Guangzhou 510120 Peoples R China

The arginine-vasopressin (AVP) hormone plays a pivotal role in regulating various physiological processes, such as hormone secretion, cardiovascular modulation, and social behavior. Recent studies have highlighted the V1a receptor as a promising therapeutic target. In-depth insights into V1a receptor-related pathologies, attained through in vivo imaging and quantification in both peripheral organs and the central nervous system (CNS), could significantly advance the development of effective V1a inhibitors. To address this need, we develop a novel V1a-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) ligand, [F-18]V1A-2303 ([F-18]8), which demonstrates favorable in vitro binding affinity and selectivity for the V1a receptor. Specific tracer binding in peripheral tissues was also confirmed through rigorous cell uptake studies, autoradiography, biodistribution assessments. Furthermore, [F-18]8 was employed in PET imaging and arterial blood sampling studies in healthy rhesus monkeys to assess its brain permeability and specificity, whole-body distribution, and kinetic properties. Our research indicated [F-18]8 as a valuable tool for noninvasively studying V1a receptors in peripheral organs, and as a foundational element for the development of next-generation, brain-penetrant ligands specifically designed for the CNS.

关键词： Vasopressin Autism V1a receptor Positron emission tomography PET imaging Radiolabeling Fluorine 18 Kinetic modeling ARGININE-VASOPRESSIN SOCIAL RECOGNITION SEX-DIFFERENCES AVPR1A GENE AUTISM V1A ASSOCIATION ANTAGONIST OXYTOCIN POTENT

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Flexible electronics based on one-dimensional and two-dimensional hybrid nanomaterials

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InfoMat 2020年第1期2卷 33-56页

作者： Jihun Park Jae Chul Hwang Gon Guk Kim Jang-Ung Park Department of Materials science and Engineering Nano Science Technology InstituteYonsei UniversitySeoulRepublic of Korea Center for Nanomedicine Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Yonsei-IBS InstituteSeoulRepublic of Korea

Research on flexible or wearable electronics has been grown remarkably due to the advent of nanomaterials,such as metal nanowires,graphene,or transition metal *** each nanomaterial has mechanical and electrical characteristics that can be applied into flexible electronics,the limitations of each nanomaterial are also *** order to overcome the limitations of these nanomaterials,research on the hybrid structures of nanomaterials has been extensively *** this study,we introduce the properties of one-dimensional nanomaterials,twodimensional nanomaterials,and their hybrid *** then,we provide information concerning various flexible electronics based on these nanomaterials.

关键词： flexible electronics hybrid nanomaterials one-dimensional nanomaterials two-dimensional nanomaterials wearable electronics

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Non-perturbative dynamics of flat-band systems with correlated disorder

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 547-551页

作者： Li, Qi Liu, Junfeng Liu, Ke Hu, Zi-Xiang Li, Zhou Chinese Acad sci Aerosp Informat Res Inst GBA Branch Guangzhou 510535 Peoples R China Guangdong Prov Key Lab Terahertz Quantum Electrom Guangzhou 510700 Peoples R China Univ Chinese Acad sci Beijing 100039 Peoples R China Guangzhou Univ Sch Phys & Mat Sci Guangzhou 510006 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Dept Phys Chongqing 401331 Peoples R China Chongqing Univ Chongqing Key Lab Strongly Coupled Phys Chongqing 401331 Peoples R China

We develop a numerical method for the time evolution of Gaussian wave packets on flat-band lattices in the presence of correlated disorder. To achieve this, we introduce a method to generate random on-site energies with prescribed correlations. We verify this method with a one-dimensional (1D) cross-stitch model, and find good agreement with analytical results obtained from the disorder-dressed evolution equations. This allows us to reproduce previous findings, that disorder can mobilize 1D flat-band states which would otherwise remain localized. As explained by the corresponding disorder-dressed evolution equations, such mobilization requires an asymmetric disorder-induced coupling to dispersive bands, a condition that is generically not fulfilled when the flat-band is resonant with the dispersive bands at a Dirac point-like crossing. We exemplify this with the 1D Lieb lattice. While analytical expressions are not available for the two-dimensional (2D) system due to its complexity, we extend the numerical method to the 2D alpha-T3 model, and find that the initial flat-band wave packet preserves its localization when alpha = 0, regardless of disorder and intersections. However, when alpha not equal 0, the wave packet shifts in real space. We interpret this as a Berry phase controlled, disorder-induced wave-packet mobilization. In addition, we present density functional theory calculations of candidate materials, specifically Hg1-xCdxTe. The flat-band emerges near the Gamma point (k = 0) in the Brillouin zone.

关键词： flat-band system dynamics correlated disorder 72.80.Ng 78.20.Bh 67.80.de 05.50.+q HUBBARD-MODEL FERROMAGNETISM LOCALIZATION INSULATOR

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Mapping the antiparallel aligned domain rotation by microwave excitation

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CHINESE PHYSICS B 2024年第9期33卷 599-605页

作者： Zhang, Jing Cui, Yuanzhi Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Chuang Liu, Mengchen Xu, Jie Li, Kai Zhao, Yunhe Lu, Zhenyan Pan, Lining Jin, Chendong Liu, Qingfang Wang, Jianbo Cao, Derang Qingdao Univ Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Qingdao Univ Natl Demonstrat Ctr Expt Appl Phys Educ Qingdao 266071 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Inst Semicond SKLSM Beijing 100083 Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Key Lab Special Funct Mat & Struct Design Minist Educ Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China Northeast Forestry Univ Coll Chem Chem Engn & Resource Utilizat Harbin 150040 Peoples R China Hunan Univ sci & Technol Sch Phys & Elect Hunan Prov Key Lab Intelligent Sensors & Adv Senso Xiangtan 411201 Peoples R China Chinese Acad sci Ningbo Inst Mat Technol & Engn Guiyang 315201 Peoples R China Hebei Univ Hebei 071002 Peoples R China Lanzhou Univ Key Lab Magnetism & Magnet Mat Minist Educ Lanzhou 730000 Peoples R China

The evolution process of magnetic domains in response to external fields is crucial for the modern understanding and application of spintronics. In this study, we investigated the domain rotation in stripe domain films of varying thicknesses by examining their response to microwave excitation in four different orientations. The resonance spectra indicate that the rotation field of stripe domain film under an applied magnetic field approaches the field where the resonance mode of sample changes. The saturation field of the stripe domain film corresponds to the field where the resonance mode disappears when measured in the stripe direction parallel to the microwave magnetic field. The results are reproducible and consistent with micromagnetic simulations, providing additional approaches and techniques for comprehending the microscopic mechanisms of magnetic domains and characterizing their rotation.

关键词： stripe domain magnetic film microwave excitation micromagnetic simulation 75.78.-n 75.78.Fg 76.50.+g 75.70.Kw

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Efficient photovoltaic effect in graphene/h-BN/silicon heterostructure self-powered photodetector

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Nano Research 2021年第6期14卷 1967-1972页

作者： Ui Yeon Won Boo Heung Lee Young Rae Kim Won Tae Kang Ilmin Lee Ji Eun Kim Young Hee Lee Woo Jong Yu Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Sungkyunkwan UniversitySuwon16419Republic of Korea Center for Integrated Nanostructure Physics Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Suwon16419Republic of Korea

Graphene(Gr)/Si-based optoelectronic devices have attracted a lot of academic attention due to the simpler fabrication processes,low costs,and higher performance of their two-dimensional(2D)/three-dimensional(3D)hybrid interfaces in Schottky junction that promotes electron-hole ***,due to the built-in potential of Gr/Si as a photodetector,the Iph/Idark ratio is often hindered near zero-bias at relatively low illumination *** is a major drawback in self-powered *** this study,we have demonstrated a self-powered van der Waals heterostructure photodetector in the visible range using a Gr/hexagonal boron nitride(h-BN)/Si structure and clarified that the thin h-BN insertion can engineer asymmetric carrier transport and avoid interlayer coupling at the *** dark current was able to be suppressed by inserting an h-BN insulator layer,while maintaining the photocurrent with minimal decrease at near *** a result,the normalized photocurrent-to-dark ratio(NPDR)is improved more than 104 ***,both Iph/Idark ratio and detectivity,increase by more than 104 times at−0.03 V drain *** proposed Gr/h-BN/Si heterostructure is able to contribute to the introduction of next-generation photodetectors and photovoltaic devices based on graphene or silicon.

关键词： graphene hexagonal boron nitride van der Waals heterostructure self-powered Research

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Coping with the concurrent heatwaves and ozone extremes in China under a warming climate

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sciENCE BULLETIN 2024年第18期69卷 2938-2947页

作者： Li, Mengmeng Huang, Xin Yan, Dan Lai, Shiyi Zhang, Zihan Zhu, Lei Lu, Yuting Jiang, Xinyi Wang, Nan Wang, Tijian Song, Yu Ding, Aijun Nanjing Univ Sch Atmospher Sci Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Frontiers sci Ctr Crit Earth Mat Cycling Nanjing 210023 Peoples R China Southern Univ sci & Technol Sch Environm Sci & Engn Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Guangdong Prov Observat & Res Stn Coastal Atmosphe Shenzhen 518055 Peoples R China Sichuan Univ Coll Carbon Neutral Future Technol Chengdu 610044 Peoples R China Peking Univ Dept Environm Sci Beijing 100871 Peoples R China

Intensive human activity has brought about unprecedented climate and environmental crises, in which concurrent heatwaves and ozone extremes pose the most serious threats. However, a limited understanding of the comprehensive mechanism hinders our ability to mitigate such compound events, especially in densely populated regions like China. Here, based on field observations and climate-chemistry coupled modelling, we elucidate the linkage between human activities and the climate system in heat-related ozone pollution. In China, we have observed that both the frequency and intensity of heatwaves have almost tripled since the beginning of this century. Moreover, these heatwaves are becoming more common in urban clusters with serious ozone pollution. Persistent heatwaves during the extremely hot and dry summers of 2013 and 2022 accelerated photochemical ozone production by boosting anthropogenic and biogenic emissions, and aggravated ozone accumulation by suppressing dry deposition due to water-stressed vegetation, leading to a more than 30% increase in ozone pollution in China's urban areas. The sensitivity of ozone to heat is demonstrated to be substantially modulated by anthropogenic emissions, and China's clean air policy may have altered the relationship between ozone and temperature. Climate model projections further highlight that the high-emission climate-socioeconomic scenario tends to intensify the concurrent heat and ozone extremes in the next century. Our results underscore that the implementation of a strict emission strategy will significantly reduce the co-occurrence of heatwaves and ozone extremes, achieving climate and environmental co-benefits. (c) 2024 science China Press. Published by Elsevier B.V. and science China Press. All rights are reserved, including those for text and data mining, AI training, and similar technologies.

关键词： Heatwave Ozone Biogenic emission Dry deposition Ozone-temperature sensitivity DRY DEPOSITION AIR-QUALITY LAND-COVER HEAT WAVES EMISSIONS ISOPRENE SUMMER IMPACT TEMPERATURE FREQUENT

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Impact of non-Hermitian mode interaction on inter-cavity light transfer

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Photonics Research 2022年第5期10卷 1232-1237页

作者： HYEON-HYE YU SUNJAE GWAK JINHYEOK RYU HYUNDONG KIM JI-HWAN KIM JUNG WAN RYU CHIL-MIN KIM CHANG HWAN YI Department of Emerging Materials science DGISTDaegu 42988Republic of Korea Center for Theoretical Physics of Complex Systems Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Daejeon 34126Republic of Korea

Understanding inter-site mutual mode interaction in coupled physical systems is essential to comprehend large compound systems,as this local interaction determines the successive multiple inter-site energy transfer *** the present study,we demonstrate that only the non-Hermitian coupling can correctly account for the light transfer between two coupled optical *** also reveal that the non-Hermitian coupling effect becomes crucial as the system dimension *** results provide important insight for handling general-coupled devices in the subwavelength regime.

关键词： interaction transfer coupling

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Toward Systems Understanding of Leaf Senescence： An Integrated Multi-Omics Perspective on Leaf Senescence Research

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Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 813-825页

作者： Jeongsik Kim Hye Ryun Woo Hong Gil Nam Center for Plant Aging Research Institute for Basic Science (IBS) Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea Department of New Biology DGIST Daegu 42988 Republic of Korea

Leaf senescence is a complex but tightly regulated developmental process involving a coordinated sequence of multiple molecular events, which ultimately leads to death of the leaf. Efforts to understand the mechanistic principles underlying leaf senescence have been largely made by transcriptomic, proteomic, and metabolomic studies over the past decade. This review focuses on recent milestones in leaf senes- cence research obtained using multi-omics technologies, as well as future endeavors toward systems understanding of leaf senescence processes. In particular, we discuss recent advances in understanding molecular events during leaf senescence through genome-wide transcriptome analyses in Arabidopsis. We also describe comparative transcriptome analyses used to unveil the commonality and diversity of regulatory mechanisms governing leaf senescence in the plant kingdom. Finally, we provide current illustrations of epigenomic, proteomic, and metabolomic landscapes of leaf senescence. We envisage that integration of multi-omics leaf senescence data will enable us to address unresolved questions regarding leaf senescence, including determining the molecular principles that coordinate concurrent and ordered changes in biological events during leaf senescence.

关键词： leaf senescence transcriptomics epigenomics proteomics metabolomics multi-omics

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Photoinduced difunctionalization with bifunctional reagents containing N-heteroaryl moieties

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science China Chemistry 2023年第6期66卷 1688-1700页

作者： Wooseok Lee Inyoung Park Sungwoo Hong Department of Chemistry Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology(KAIST)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea Center for Catalytic Hydrocarbon Functionalizations Institute for Basic Science(IBS)Daejeon 34141Republic of Korea

Bifunctional reagents that serve as dual coupling partners with an activating species have emerged as valuable synthetic tools in organic *** allow for the development of diverse reaction modes with enhanced efficiency and structural variability,which is in high demand for atom-economic and sustainable *** them,bifunctional reagents containing Nheteroaryl groups have received much attention due to their ability to introduce privileged N-heteroaryl moieties into complex molecules that are otherwise challenging to ***,these reagents have been employed under visible-light conditions to achieve various synthetic applications,enabling difunctionalization of alkenes,alkynes,and[1.1.1]propellanes under mild reaction conditions,providing access to highly functionalized *** this review,we provide an overview of the recent achievements and applications of photoinduced difunctionalization using bifunctional reagents containing N-heteroaryl *** systematically categorize the representative contributions in the field based on bifunctional reagents and their reactivity *** review aims to highlight the potential of these reagents as powerful synthetic tools for sustainable and diverse synthesis.

关键词： bifunctional reagents N-heteroarylation photoreaction difunctionalization radical reaction

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