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rAL Effectors Drive Transcription Bidirectionally in Plants

Molecular Plant 2017年第2期10卷 285-296页

作者： Li Wang Fabio C. Rinaldi Pallavi Singh Erin L. Doyle Zoe E. Dubrow Tuan Tu Tran Alvaro L. Perez-Quintero Boris Szurek Adam J. Bogdanove Plant Pathology and Plant-Microbe Biology Section School of Integrative Plant Science Cornell University 334 Plant Science Building Ithaca NY 14853 USA Department of Biology Doane University 1014 Boswell Avenue Crete NE 68333 USA UMR Interactions-Plantes-Microorganismes-Environnement IRD-Cirad-Universite Montpellier Montpellier France

TAL effectors delivered by phytopathogenic Xanthomonas species are DNA-sequence-specific transcrip- tional activators of host susceptibility genes and sometimes resistance genes. The modularity of DNA recognition by TAL effectors makes them important also as tools for gene targeting and genome editing. Effector binding elements （EBEs） recognized by native TAL effectors in plants have been identified only on the forward strand of target promoters. Here, we demonstrate that TAL effectors can drive plant tran- scription from EBEs on either strand and in both directions. Furthermore, we show that a native TAL effector from Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola drives expression of a target with an EBE on each strand of its promoter. By inserting that promoter and derivatives between two reporter genes oriented head to head, we show that the TAL effector drives expression from either EBE in the respective orientations, and that activity at the reverse-strand EBE also potentiates forward transcription driven by activity at the forward-strand EBE. Our results reveal new modes of action for TAL effectors, suggesting the possibility of yet unrecognized targets important in plant disease, expanding the search space for off-targets of custom TAL effectors, and highlighting the potential of TAL effectors for probing fundamental aspects of plant transcription.

关键词： xanthomonas transcription activator-like effector bidirectional reporter enhancer element off-target

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High temperature increases centromeremediated genome elimination frequency and enhances haploid induction in Arabidopsis

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Plant Communications 2023年第3期4卷 126-138页

作者： Ulkar Ahmadli Manikandan Kalidass Lucie Crhak Khaitova Joerg Fuchs Maria Cuacos Dmitri Demidov Sheng Zuo Jana Pecinkova Martin Mascher Mathieu Ingouff Stefan Heckmann Andreas Houben Karel Riha Inna Lermontova Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research(IPK)Gatersleben Corrensstrasse 306466 SeelandGermany Central European Institute of Technology(CEITEC)and National Centre for Biomolecular Research Faculty of ScienceMasaryk UniversityKamenice 562500 BrnoCzech Republic CIRAD DIADEIRDUniversity of Montpellier34393 MontpellierFrance

Double haploid production is the most effective way to create true-breeding lines in a single *** Arabidopsis,haploid induction via mutation of the centromere-specific histone H3(cenH3)has been shown when the mutant is outcrossed to the wild-type,and the wild-type genome remains in the haploid ***,factors that affect haploid induction are still poorly ***,we report that a mutant of the cenH3 assembly factor Kinetochore Null2(KNL2)can be used as a haploid inducer when pollinated by the *** discovered that short-term temperature stress of the knl2 mutant increased the efficiency of haploid induction *** also demonstrated that a point mutation in the CENPC-k motif of KNL2 is sufficient to generate haploid-inducing lines,suggesting that haploidinducing lines in crops can be identified in a naturally occurring or chemically induced mutant population,avoiding the generic modification(GM)approach at any ***,a cenh3-4 mutant functioned as a haploid inducer in response to short-term heat stress,even though it did not induce haploids under standard ***,we identified KNL2 as a new target gene for the generation of haploid-inducer lines and showed that exposure of centromeric protein mutants to high temperature strongly increases their haploid induction efficiency.

关键词： centromere kinetochore null 2 CENPC-k cenh3-4 temperature stress haploid induction

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Comparison of Efficacy and Safety of Artemisinin-Based Combination Therapies for Treating Uncomplicated Falciparum Malaria in Sub-Saharan African Countries: An Update on the Changes in Efficacy Using Network Meta-Analysis

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2022年第3期12卷 405-421页

作者： Solange Whegang Youdom Roméo Simeu Tchouenkou Eugène-Patrice Ndong-Nguéma Leonardo K. Basco Department of Public Health Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon National Advanced School of Engineering University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Aix Marseille University IRD AP-HM SSA VITROME Marseille France Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU)—Méditerranée Infection Marseille France

Background: Several artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACT) are available to treat uncomplicated malaria in Africa. The present study aimed to assess the ranking of their efficacy and tolerance. Methods: A database of randomized controlled trials was retrieved from published papers. Network meta-analysis was used to compare efficacy on day 28 and day 42 after initiation of treatment. Age covariate effect on treatment outcome was assessed, and a modeling approach to reduce heterogeneity among trials was evaluated under the hypothesis of consistency in a meta-regression. Safety and adverse events were compared among different ACTs. A Bayesian analysis was performed to implement the consistency models using WinBUGS software. The results were compared to those of the frequentist approach using the R software. Results: Eighty-one articles, in which a total of 15 different ACTs were tested in more than 36,000 patients, were included. On day 28, dihydroartemisinin-piperaquine (DHPP) was more effective than artemether-lumefantrine (AL) before (odds ratio [OR], 1.83;95% confidence interval [CI], 1.31 - 2.56) and after age-covariate adjustment (OR, 1.70;95% CI, 1.20 - 2.43). The result was similar on day 42. DHPP occupied the top rank. The risk of having cough, diarrhoea or headache post-treatment was significantly lower with DHPP than AL. Artesunate-mefloquine (ASMQ) was associated with a significantly lower prevalence of vomiting or nausea (OR, 0.80;95% CI, 0.48 - 1.30) and headache (OR, 0.53;95% CI, 0.40 - 0.68) compared to AL. On the contrary, vomiting and nausea occurred more frequently after fixed-dose artesunate-amodiaquine formulation (ASAQf) than with AL (OR, 1.45;95% CI, 1.18 - 1.78). The risk of anaemia was higher with ASAQf and co-blistered artesunate-amodiaquine (ASAQc) than with AL. There was no significant difference in risk of anaemia (P > 0.05) between AL and different formulations of ASAQ. Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, this study demons

关键词： Malaria Dihydroartemisinin-Piperaquine Artesunate-Amodiaquine Efficacy Safety Network Meta-Analysis

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Roles of Regulatory T Cells in Pathogenesis of Endometriosis

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2019年第2期3卷 117-123页

作者： Xin-Xin Hou Xiao-Qiu Wang Da-Jin Li Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPCSIPPRShanghaiChina Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related DiseasesHospital and Institute of Obstetrics and GynecologyIRDFudan University Shanghai Medical CollegeShanghaiChina

Numerous studies have shown aberrant immune cell function in endometriosis,including T cells,B cells,natural killer cells,and macrophages(MΦ).These alterations are thought to be induced by various mechanisms that promote the *** T cells(Tregs)may account for a decreased ability of newly recruited leukocytes to initiate effective immune responses against viable endometrial fragments,permitting their *** differentiate during the development of endometriosis,which confer immunosuppression or play other roles in disease *** this review,we provide an overview of the regulation and roles of Tregs in *** data provide further scientific evidence for the altered immune response in endometriosis,which could be a potential target in the treatment of *** review could create new diagnostic strategies and effective immune-targeted therapies for this highly prevalent *** progress in the field indicates that these goals may be achieved in the future.

关键词： Endometrial Stromal Cells Endometriosis Fibrinogen-Like Protein 2 Regulatory T Cells

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一种叶甲(Timarcha maritima)(鞘翅目:叶甲科)的种群变异性(英文)

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动物学报 2006年第3期52卷 491-497页

作者： Frédéric THOMAS Thierry DE MEEUS Centre d'Etude sur le Polymorphisme des Micro-Organismes CEPM/UMR CNRS-IRD 9926 Equipe: "Evolution des Systèmes Symbiotiques" IRD 911 Avenue Agropolis B.P. 504534032 Montpellier Cedex 1 France

本文研究了一种叶甲(Timarchamaritima)的种群变异性,在此物种的整个分布范围内,沿法国大西洋海岸取选10个种群,测定个体大小、生育力、寄生量、性比、交配模式几个变量,各变量在不同种群间呈现显著差异。我们的调查结果也表明:原生生物... 详细信息

本文研究了一种叶甲(Timarchamaritima)的种群变异性,在此物种的整个分布范围内,沿法国大西洋海岸取选10个种群,测定个体大小、生育力、寄生量、性比、交配模式几个变量,各变量在不同种群间呈现显著差异。我们的调查结果也表明:原生生物(簇虫,Gregarinamunieri)的寄生是影响***生态习性的主要因素;这种甲虫的交配模式与寄生量有关,这种交配模式3年前已在一个高寄生种群内发现;个体大小与交配的关联不显著,即便是在没有寄生的种群中也是这样;在不同种群间,寄生感染程度也是一个有力的指示量,可以预示雌性个体的生育力变化;相反,不管观察什么种群,外寄生种(蜱螨,Pseudamansiachrysomelinus)(Acari:Canestriniidae)的作用很小。这项研究表明:在研究种群生态学时,需要同时观察寄生物的影响。

关键词：相配配对叶甲科 Gregarina munieri 种群生态学 Pseudamansia chrysomelinus Timarcha maritima

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Spectral Model for Soybean Yield Estimate Using MODIS/EVI Data

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International Journal of Geosciences 2013年第9期4卷 1233-1241页

作者： Anibal Gusso Jorge Ricardo Ducati Mauricio Roberto Veronez Damien Arvor Luiz Gonzaga da Silveira Jr. Environmental Engineering UNISINOSSao LeopoldoBrazil Remote Sensing Center and Astronomy Department UFRGSPorto AlegreBrazil Graduate Program in Geology UNISINOSSao LeopoldoBrazil Institut de Recherche Pour le Developpement(ird) MontpellierFrance Graduate Program in Applied Computing UNISINOSSao LeopoldoBrazil

Attaining reliable and timely agricultural estimates is very important everywhere, and in Brazil, due to its characteristics, this is especially true. In this study, estimations of crop production were made based on the temporal profiles of the Enhanced Vegetation Index (EVI) obtained from Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) images. The objective was to evaluate the coupled model (CM) performance of crop area and crop yield estimates based solely on MODIS/EVI as input data in Rio Grande do Sul State, which is characterized by high variability in seasonal soybean yields, due to different crop development conditions. The resulting production estimates from CM were compared to official agricultural statistics of Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and the National Company of Food Supply (CONAB) at different levels from 2000/2001 to 2010/2011 crop years. Results obtained with CM indicate that its application is able to generate timely production estimates for soybean both at municipality and local levels. Validation estimates with CM at State level obtained R2 = 0.95. Combining all cropping years at municipality level, estimates were highly correlated to official statistics from IBGE, with R2 = 0.91 and RMSD = 10,840 tons. Spatially interpolated comparisons of yield maps obtained from the CM estimates and IBGE data also showed visual similarity in their spatial distribution. Local level comparisons were performed and presented R2 = 0.95. Implications of this work point out that time-series analysis of production estimates are able to provide anticipated spatial information prior to the soybean harvest.

关键词： Remote Sensing Coupled Model Soy Yield Forecast Satellite Images

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MicroRNA-543 in Systemic Diseases and Possible Applications in Gynecologic Tumors

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Reproductive and Developmental Medicine 2021年第2期5卷 107-118页

作者： Yan-Ran Sheng Wen-Ting Hu Chun-Yan Wei Yu-Kai Liu Yu-Yin Liu Xiao-Yong Zhu Laboratory for Reproductive Immunology Hospital of Obstetrics and GynecologyFudan UniversityShanghai 200090China Key Laboratory of Reproduction Regulation of NPFPC SIPPRIRDFudan UniversityShanghai 200032China Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Diseases Shanghai 200090China

In recent years,an increasing number of young women have been diagnosed with cancer,including some nulliparous ***,many young patients with early-stage cancer desire to preserve fertility after cytotoxic oncological *** is important to develop a multidisciplinary approach to achieve the best outcomes for each *** the other hand,there has been a sharp increase in microRNAs(miRNAs)as potential biomarkers for the diagnosis,prognosis,and evaluation of treatment efficacy of several ***-543 has been reported to affect the pathogenesis and progression of diseases via complex *** the regulatory role of miR-543 may aid comprehension of the pathogenesis and treatment of a broad range of ***,we provide an overview of the biogenesis,function,and role of miR-543 in various *** results shed light on the anticancer and endometrial protection role of miR-543 in young patients with gynecologic tumors and highlight the clinical potential of miR-543-based applications and related challenges.

关键词： Endometrial Receptivity Gynecological Oncology MicroRNA-543 Pathway Target

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Temporal Microbial Response to Wetting-Drying Cycles in Soils within and Outside the Influence of a Shrub in the Sahel

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2019年第12期9卷 284-297页

作者： Sally Diatta Sidy Diakhaté Hassna Founoune-Mboup Charlotte J. Alster Diégane Diouf Richard P. Dick Lydie Chapuis-Lardy Laurent Cournac Ndeye Yacine Badiane-Ndour ISRA_LNRPV Laboratoire National de Recherches sur les productions Végétales (LNRPV) Dakar Senegal Université Cheikh Anta Diop (UCAD) Département Biologie Végétale Laboratoire Commun de Microbiologie IRD/ISRA/UCAD Dakar Senegal ird LMI IESOL Centre IRD-ISRA Dakar Senegal Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of California Irvine CA USA School of Environment and Natural Resources Ohio State University Columbus OH USA ird Institut de Recherche pour le Développement UMR Eco & Sols Montpellier France

Piliostigma reticulatum is a native woody shrub found in cropped fields in the Sahel and has been shown to increase crop productivity and soil quality. Frequently occurring drying and rewetting cycles (DRW) may alter the soil quality beneath these shrubs. We investigated the effect of DRW cycles on microbial community in soil beneath and outside the P. reticulatum canopy and the roles of this shrub in the adaptation of the microbial community to abiotic stress. Soils were incubated in a climate controlled chamber for 45 days, after exposure to 10 consecutive days of DRW cycles at 75% of water holding capacity (WHC). Basal respiration, β-glucosidase activity, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and available nitrogen (;) were measured at 2, 30, and 45 days after soil exposed to the DRW cycles. MBC increased significantly two days after the DRW cycles and was greater for soil beneath the shrub canopy compared with soil outside the shrub canopy. PCA analysis based on basal respiration, microbial biomass carbon, available nitrogen, and β-Glucosidase activity resulted in a tight clustering in the beneath shrub soil samples. Soils incubated for more than 30 days after DRW cycles had higher available nitrogen content than soils incubated for less than 30 days. Soil from beneath the shrub canopy significantly improved soil resilience based on β-glucosidase activity. Soil from beneath the shrub canopy also had higher nutrient levels and greater microbial activity even when subjected to DRW cycles, potentially improving the ability of crops to withstand in-season drought when they are adjacent to shrubs. The work should bring our scientific community into a more comprehensive assessment of potential effects of a crop-shrub intercropping that may allow for increased crop yields in semi-arid ecosystems under drought conditions.

关键词： Sub-Saharan Africa Shrub-Based Cropping System Climate Change Wetting and Drying Cycles Climate Chamber Experiment

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Influence of Different Environments on Germination Parameters and Seedling Morphology in <i>Khaya senegalensis</i>(Desr.) A. Juss (Meliaceae)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2020年第10期11卷 1579-1600页

作者： Beda Innocent Adji Sélastique Doffou Akaffou Kouadio Henri Kouassi Yao Patrice Houphouet Jerôme Duminil Sylvie Sabatier Université Jean Lorougnon Guédé Agroforestry UFR Departement for Seeds and Seedlings Production Daloa Cote d’Ivoire CIRAD UMR AMAP Montpellier France AMAP Université Montpellier CIRAD CNRS INRA IRD Montpellier France ird UMR-DIADE Montpellier Cedex 5 France

Khaya senegalensis is one of the largest and most majestic trees in Africa. Overexploited for its precious wood and medicinal values, the natural stands of this species are in danger of extinction in Cote d’Ivoire. Its sustainable management through regeneration techniques and assessment of its degree of adaptation to the changing climate is necessary. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of different environments on seedling germination and development in Khaya senegalensis. A total of 2160 seeds from different mother plants and 540 individuals from seed germination were selected and evaluated. The trials were conducted on three sites that were distinct by their microclimate (two nurseries in Cote d’Ivoire and one greenhouse in France). Analysis of variance showed that germination and morphology parameters were not influenced by the characteristics of the mother plants used (p > 0.05), but rather by the study sites (P < 0.05). The stable and controlled greenhouse climate was more advantageous for latency time (12.66 ± 0.80 days), germination delay (16.96 96 ± 0.54 days), germination speed (19.66 ± 2.95 days), germination duration (10.83 ± 2.27 days) and germination rate (88.88 ± 7.97) with more vigorous sowing than the other two sites. The results showed in general that the higher the height of the seedlings, the thicker the diameter of the seedlings (r = 0.796) and the higher the number of leaves (r = 0.946). This savannah species is native to the arid zones of Africa, but this study highlighted its adaptive potential to changing and different climates. These results are decision support tools for the regeneration of native pioneer forest species with high agroforestry potential and socio-economi

关键词： Khaya senegalensis Environments Germination Parameters Greenhouse Côte d’Ivoire

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Effects of different inputs of organic matter on the response of plant production to a soil water stress in Sahelian region

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Natural Science 2012年第12期4卷 969-975页

作者： Abdoulaye Badiane Ndeye Yacine Badiane Ndour Fatou Guèye Saliou Faye Ibrahima Ndoye Dominique Masse Research Center ird-ISRA-UCAD of Bel-Air Laboratory of Soil Microbial Ecology and Tropical Agrosystems Dakar Senegal Research Centre ird-ISRA Bel-Air National Laboratory for Research on Crop Production Dakar Senegal University Cheikh Anta Diop Department of Plant Biology Dakar Senegal

The aim was to study the effects of organic management like the application of organic matters on crop production. This research is placed in the context of climate change impact mitigation. A field experiment was conducted during the dry season. Rainfall inputs were simulated by irrigation to study the effects of water stress during the flowering period of a grain on the agronomic and the physiological behavior of the plant. The measurements were made on the volumetric soil moisture, stomatal conductance, and leaf area index (LAI), grain yield, straw and weight of 100 grains. The water use efficiency (WUE) and yield losses were evaluated. The results of the volumetric soil moisture showed that the use of localized input under water stress (STR-T1) recorded the lowest moisture in the surface horizons. Treatment with localized input under water stress with or without fertilization (STR-T1, STR-T1 + N) showed an ability of stomatal regulation compared to the control (STR- T0) and the input application by spreading (STR- T2). (STR-T1 + N) has initiated an early stomatal closure of the plant because of the effect of nitrogen. However, despite a more pronounced water stress with stomatal closure, the LAI and the grain yield were greater with (STR-T1) and (STR-T1 + N). The results showed that the inputs of localized organic fertilization with or without nitrogen grain yields were the highest regardless of the hydric regime applied. However the losses of grain yield were higher in treatments with organic inputs in spreading and localized under water stress. The WUE by the crop was reduced compared to the control with organic inputs under STR. In this study we show that the use of organic matter increases de farmers risk and this notion of risk is high and it is necessary to consider this risk in the proposals of technical innovations.

关键词： Organic Matter Water Stress Volumetric Soil Moisture Stomatal Conductance Leaf Area Index

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