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Brucine N-oxide reduces ethanol intake and preference in alcohol-preferring Fawn-Hooded rats

中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2017年第5期31卷 479-480页

作者： LIANG Jian-hui WEI Shou-peng LI Yu-ling GONG Qi WANG Yan-ting LIANG Hui LIU Qing ZHANG Han-ting CHEN Feng Andrew J LOWRENCE Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Pharmacology School of Basic Medicine SciencesPeking University institute of Psycopharmacology Central Institute of Mental HealthUniversity of Heidelberg Departments of Behavioral Medicine & Psychiatry and Physiology& Pharmacology West Virginia University Health Sciences Center The florey institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health University of Melbourne

OBJECTIVE The alcoholism-related social problems have burdened the public health heavily.A better therapy for alcohol dependence as a chronic brain disease is highly required and interests the scientists worldwide. Our group has focused on screening the right drug with low toxicity and a sound curative effect from traditional Chinese medicine. METHODS Alcohol-preferring Fawn-Hooded(FH/Wjd) rat was used as an animal model of alcoholism to evaluate the effects of brucine N-oxide(BNO),an alkoloid naturally existing in the seeds of Strychnos nux-vomica L,on the alcohol-drinking ***,its adverse action and toxicity were investigated. RESULTS Treatment with BNO at the doses of 30,50 and 70 mg · kg^(-1)reduced the voluntary alcohol consumption and preference dosedependently and selectively without altering their water intake,total fluid intake,food consumption,body weight as well as sucrose preference. Remarkably,70 mg·kg^(-1)of BNO did suppress the deprivationinduced elevation of alcohol ingestion. Moreover,BNO used at the same doses as above had no influence on locomotion in an open field test and could not result in the place preference effect. CONCLUSION Taken together,BNO is of some significant pharmacological profiles to inhibit symptoms of alcohol dependence with high safety,and thence may be a potential pharmacotherapy.

关键词： brucine N-oxide ethanol

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Management of rectal varices in portal hypertension

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World Journal of Hepatology 2015年第30期7卷 2992-2998页

作者： Kawtar Al Khalloufi Adeyinka O Laiyemo Division of Gastroenterology Department of Medicine Howard University College of Medicine

Rectal varices are portosystemic collaterals that form as a complication of portal hypertension, their prevalence has been reported as high as 94% in patients withextrahepatic portal vein obstruction. The diagnosis is typically based on lower endoscopy(colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy). However, endoscopic ultrasonography has been shown to be superior to endoscopy in diagnosing rectal varices. Color Doppler ultrasonography is a better method because it allows the calculation of the velocity of blood flow in the varices and can be used to predict the bleeding risk in the varices. Although rare, bleeding from rectal varices can be life threatening. The management of patients with rectal variceal bleeding is not well established. It is important to ensure hemodynamic stability with blood transfusion and to correct any coagulopathy prior to treating the bleeding varices. Endoscopic injection sclerotherapy has been reported to be more effective in the management of active bleeding from rectal varices with less rebleeding rate as compared to endoscopic band ligation. Transjugular intrahepatic portsystemic shunt alone or in combination with embolization is another method used successfully in control of bleeding. Balloon-occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration is an emerging procedure for management of gastric varices that has also been successfully used to treat bleeding rectal varices. Surgical procedures including suture ligation and porto-caval shunts are considered when other methods have failed.

关键词： Rectal varices Portal hypertension Liver cirrhosis Colonoscopy Gastrointestinal bleeding

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AM-36对鼠液压颅脑伤神经保护作用的初步研究

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中华神经外科杂志 2006年第2期22卷 89-92页

作者：毛青陆兆丰 Callaway Jennifer 丁勇孙伟梁玉敏罗其中江基尧上海市浦东新区浦南医院 200125 上海仁济医院澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey研究所

AM-36是一种新型的电压依赖和应用依赖型Na^＋通道阻滞剂，有作者在脑缺血性卒中的动物模型中证实AM-36具有明确的神经保护作用，本研究首次在颅脑外伤（TBI）动物模型中使用AM-36，对这种新型的Na^＋通道阻滞剂在TBI中的神经保护作用... 详细信息

AM-36是一种新型的电压依赖和应用依赖型Na^＋通道阻滞剂，有作者在脑缺血性卒中的动物模型中证实AM-36具有明确的神经保护作用，本研究首次在颅脑外伤（TBI）动物模型中使用AM-36，对这种新型的Na^＋通道阻滞剂在TBI中的神经保护作用进行初步研究。

关键词：神经保护作用步研究液压颅脑伤通道阻滞剂脑缺血性卒中 Na^+ 动物模型电压依赖颅脑外伤鼠

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Nucleic acid crystallization and X-ray crystallography facilitated by single selenium atom

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2016年第2期10卷 196-202页

作者： Wen Zhang Jack W. Szostak Zhen Huang Department of Chemistry Georgia State University Atlanta GA 30303 USA howard Hughes Medical institute Department of Molecular Biology and Center for Computational and Integrative Biology Massachusetts General Hospital Boston MA 02114 USA College of Life Sciences Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China

X-ray crystallography is a powerful strategy for 3-D structure determination of macromolecules, such as nucleic acids and protein-nucleic acid complexes. However, the crystallization and phase determination are the major bottle-neck problems in crystallography. Recently we have successfully developed synthesis and strategy of selenium-derivatized nucleic acids （SeNA） for nucleic acid crystallography. SeNA might not only provide the rational strategies to solve the phase determination problem, but also offer a potential strategy to explore crystallization solutions.

关键词： selenium DNA RNA nucleic acid crystallization

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ETR1 Integrates Response to Ethylene and Cytokinins into a Single Multistep Phosphorelay Pathway to Control Root Growth

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Molecular Plant 2019年第10期12卷 1338-1352页

作者： Marketa Zdarska Abigail Rubiato Cuyacot Paul TTarr Amel Yamoune Agnieszka Szmitkowska Vendula Hrdinová Zuzana Gelová Elliot MMeyerowitz Jan Hejátko Functional Genomics and Proteomics of Plants Central European Institute of Technology and National Centre for Biomolecular ResearchMasaryk UniversityCETEC-MUKamenice 5/A262500 BrnoCzech Republic howard Hughes Medical institute California Institute of Technology1200 East California BoulevardPasadenaCA 91125USA Division of Biology and Biological Engineering 156-29 California Institute of Technology1200 East California BoulevardPasadenaCA 91125USA

Cytokinins and ethylene control plant development via sensors from the histidine kinase(HK)***,downstream signaling pathways for the key phytohormones are *** we report that not only cytokinin but also ethylene is able to control root apical meristem(RAM)size through activation of the multistep phosphorelay(MSP)*** found that both cytokinin and ethylene-dependent RAM shortening requires ethylene binding to ETR1 and the HK activity of *** receiver domain of ETR1 interacts with MSP signaling intermediates acting downstream of cytokinin receptors,further substantiating the role of ETR1 in MSP *** revealed that both cytokinin and ethylene induce the MSP in similar and distinct cell types with ETR1-mediated ethylene signaling controlling MSP output specifically in the root transition *** identified members of the MSP pathway specific and common to both hormones and showed that ETR1-regulated ARR3 controls RAM ***1-mediated MSP spatially differs from canonical CTR1/EIN2/EIN3 ethylene signaling and is independent of EIN2,indicating that both pathways can be spatially and functionally ***,we demonstrated that canonical ethylene signaling controls MSP responsiveness to cytokinin specifically in the root transition zone,presumably via regulation of ARR10,one of the positive regulators of MSP signaling in Arabidopsis.

关键词： cytokinin ethylene crosstalk signaling root development

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促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)研究新进展

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基础医学与临床 1984年第3期 28-29页

作者：王晓明,J.P.Coghlan ,E.M.Wintour ,B.A.Scoggins 澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所研究生

1948年,***假设下丘脑有物质控制脑垂体前叶促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的分泌。Guillemin和Saffran等曾分别实验证明下丘脑有一种因子可刺激垂体前叶ACTH的分泌,并命名为促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(Corticotropin releasing tactor,简称CRF... 详细信息

1948年,***假设下丘脑有物质控制脑垂体前叶促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的分泌。Guillemin和Saffran等曾分别实验证明下丘脑有一种因子可刺激垂体前叶ACTH的分泌,并命名为促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(Corticotropin releasing tactor,简称CRF)。经过长达30多年的研究,最近在它的化学结构和生理作用等方面有新的发现。1981年,Vale等人共收集了近50万只羊下丘脑标本,确定羊的CRF是由41个氨基酸组成,分子量4671.00,并已人工合成,1983年,先后找出了羊CRF的DNA排列顺序,人CRF的氨基酸和DNA排列顺序,和鼠CRF的氨基酸排列顺序。人与鼠的CRF

关键词： CRF ACTH 氨基酸氨基羧酸排列顺序人工合成促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子

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Regulation of the Arabidopsis GSK3-like Kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 2 through Proteasome-Mediated Protein Degradation

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Molecular Plant 2008年第2期1卷 338-346页

作者： Peng Peng Zhenyan Yan Yongyou Zhu Jianming Li Department of Molecular Cellular and Development Biology University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI 48109-1048 USA Present address: howard Hughes Medical institute Department of Molecular Cell and Developmental Biology University of California-Los AngelesLos Angeles CA g0095 USA

Glycogen synthase kinase 3 （GSK3） is a unique serine/threonine kinase that is implicated in a variety of cellular processes and is regulated by phosphorylation or protein-protein interaction in animal cells. BIN2 is an Arabidopsis GSK3- like kinase that negatively regulates brassinosteroid （BR） signaling. Genetic studies suggested that BIN2 is inhibited in response to BR perception at the cell surface to relieve its inhibitory effects on downstream targets; however, little is known about biochemical mechanisms of its inhibition. Here, we show that BIN2 is regulated by proteasome-mediated protein degradation. Exogenous application of a BR biosynthesis inhibitor and an active BR increased and decreased the amount of BIN2 proteins, respectively. Interestingly, the gain-of-function bin2-1 mutation significantly stabilizes BIN2, making it unresponsive to BR-induced BIN2 depletion. Exogenous application of different plant growth hormones revealed that BIN2 depletion is specifically induced by BR through a functional BR receptor, while treatment of a protea- some inhibitor, MG132, not only prevented the BR-induced BIN2 depletion but also nullified the inhibitory effect of BR on the BIN2 kinase activity. Taken together, our results strongly suggest that proteasome-mediated protein degradation constitutes an important regulatory mechanism for restricting the BIN2 activity.

关键词： .Regulates brassinosteroid BR signaling Arabidopsis GSK BR receptor

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RNA Quality Control as a Key to Suppressing R Silencing of Endogenous Genes in Plants

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Molecular Plant 2016年第6期9卷 826-836页

作者： Lin Liu Xuemei Chen Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics College of Life Sciences and Oceanography Shenzhen University Shenzhen 518060 P.R. China Department of Botany and Plant Sciences Institute of Integrative Genome Biology University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA howard Hughes Medical institute University of California Riverside CA 92521 USA

RNA quality control of endogenous RNAs is an integral part of eukaryotic gene expression and often relies on exonucleolytic degradation to eliminate dysfunctional transcripts. In parallel, exogenous and selected endogenous RNAs are degraded through RNA silencing, which is a genome defense mechanism used by many eukaryotes. In plants, RNA silencing is triggered by the production of double-stranded RNAs （dsRNAs） by RNA-DEPENDENT RNA POLYMERASEs （RDRs） and proceeds through small interfering （si） RNA-directed, ARGONAUTE （AGO）-mediated cleavage of homologous transcripts. Many studies revealed that plants avert inappropriate posttranscriptional gene silencing of endogenous coding genes by using RNA surveillance mechanisms as a safeguard to protect their transcriptome profiles. The tug of war between RNA surveillance and RNA silencing ensures the appropriate partitioning of endogenous RNA substrates among these degradation pathways. Here we review recent advances on RNA quality control and its role in the suppression of RNA silencing at endogenous genes and discuss the mechanisms underlying the crosstalk among these pathways.

关键词： gene silencing RNA quality control aberrant RNA siRNA

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Ferroptosis:mechanisms and links with diseases

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2021年第3期6卷 648-663页

作者： Hong-fa Yan Ting Zou Qing-zhang Tuo Shuo Xu Hua Li Abdel Ali Belaidi Peng Lei Department of Neurology and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy West China HospitalSichuan Universityand Collaborative Center for Biotherapy610041 ChengduChina West China School of Basic Medical Sciences and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University610041 ChengduChina Melbourne Dementia Research Centre and the florey institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health The University of MelbourneParkvilleVIC 3052Australia

Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death,which is different from apoptosis,necrosis,autophagy,and other forms of cell *** process of feroptotic cell death is defined by the accumulation of lethal lipid species derived from the peroxidation of lipids,which can be prevented by iron chelators(***,deferoxamine)and small lipophilic antioxidants(e.g,ferrostatin,liproxstatin).This review summarizes current knowledge about the regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis and its association withseveral pathways,including iron,lipid,and cysteine *** have further discussed the contribution of ferroptosis to thepathogenesis of several diseases such as cancer,ischemia/reperfusion,and various neurodegenerative diseases(*** and Parkinson's disease),and evaluated the therapeutic applications of ferroptosis inhibitors in clinics.

关键词： diseases peroxidation death

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促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(CRF)研究新进展

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基础医学与临床 1984年第Z1期 164-165页

作者：王晓明 ,J.P.Coghlan,E.M.Wintour,B.A.Scoggins 澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所澳大利亚墨尔本大学howard florey实验生理与医学研究所

1984年,***假设下丘脑有物质控制脑垂体前叶促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的分泌。Guillemin和Saffran等曾分别实验证明下丘脑有一种因子可刺激垂体前叶ACTH的分泌,并命名为促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(Corticotropin releasing factor,简称CRF... 详细信息

1984年,***假设下丘脑有物质控制脑垂体前叶促肾上腺皮质激素(ACTH)的分泌。Guillemin和Saffran等曾分别实验证明下丘脑有一种因子可刺激垂体前叶ACTH的分泌,并命名为促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子(Corticotropin releasing factor,简称CRF)。经过长达30多年的研究,最近在它的化学结构和生理作用等方面有新的发

关键词： CRF 人工合成氨基酸氨基羧酸排列顺序 ACTH 促肾上腺皮质激素释放因子

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