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Antimicrobial peptides act on the rumen the performance of castrated bulls

Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1218-1234页

作者： Jinping Shi Yu Lei Jianping Wu Zemin Li Xiao Zhang Li Jia Ying Wang Yue Ma Ke Zhang Qiang Cheng Zhao Zhang Yannan Ma Zhaomin Lei co.lege of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics Breeding and Reproduction of Shanxi ProvinceCollege of Animal Science and TechnologyNorthwest A&F UniversityYangling 712100China Institute of Rural Development Northwest Normal UniversityLanzhou 730070China Jingchuan Xu Kang Food co. Ltd.Pingliang 744300China gansu huarui agriculture co. Ltd.Zhangye 734500China

Background Many co.ntries have already banned the use of antibiotics in animal husbandry,making it extremely difficult to maintain animal health in livestock *** the livestock industry,there is an urgent need to develop alternatives to antibiotics which will not lead to drug resistance on prolonged *** this study,eighteen castrated bulls were randomly divided into two *** co.trol group(CK)was fed the basal diet,while the antimicrobial peptide group(AP)was fed the basal diet supplemented with 8 g of antimicrobial peptides in the basal diet for the experimental period of 270 *** were then slaughtered to measure production performance,and the ruminal co.tents were isolated for metagenomic and metabolome sequencing *** The results showed that antimicrobial peptides co.ld improve the daily weight,carcass weight,and net meat weight of the experimental ***,the rumen papillae diameter and the micropapillary density in the AP were significantly greater than those in the ***,the determination of digestive enzymes and fermentation parameters showed that the co.tents of protease,xylanase,andβ-gluco.ide in the AP were greater than those in the ***,lipase co.tent in the CK was greater than that in the ***,the co.tent of acetate,propionate,butyrate,and valerate was found to be greater in AP than those in *** metagenomic analysis annotated 1993 differential microorganisms at the species *** KEGG enrichment of these microorganisms revealed that the enrichment of drug resistance-related pathways was dramatically decreased in the AP,whereas the enrichment of immune-related pathways was significantly *** was also a significant reduction in the types of viruses in the AP.187 probiotics with significant differences were found,135 of which were higher in AP than in *** was also found that the antimicrobial mechanism of the antimicrobial peptides was quite *** low-abundance microor

关键词： Antimicrobial peptides Castrated bull Growth performance Metabolites Microorganisms Rumen

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Analysis and performance test on dynamic seed co.n threshing and co.veying process with variable diameter and spacing

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 259-266页

作者： Fei Dai Yiming Zhao Yuanxiang Liu Ruijie Shi Shanglong Xin Qiufeng Fu Wuyun Zhao co.lege of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730070China Jiuquan OK Seed Machinery co. Ltd.Jiuquan 735000GansuChina

In order to further reduce the damage rate in threshing seed co.n,a seed co.n threshing testbed with variable diameter and spacing that can realize dynamic adjustment of parameters,such as feed quantity,rotating speed of the threshing device,threshing spacing of the threshing units,was designed in this *** software of finite element analysis ANSYS Workbench was applied to do modal analysis on the threshing axis designed for variable diameter and spacing of seed *** first 8 orders of natural frequencies were distributed in 201.12-1640.20 Hz,with co.responding vibration amplitude in 5.86-27.04 mm,showing reasonable structural design of the threshing axis,which co.ld realize effective seed co.n threshing and *** element method was applied to do simulation analysis on the seed co.n threshing and co.veying process with variable diameter and *** the co.dition of different feed quantity,different rotating speed of the thresher,the moving speed of co.n clusters and co.tact force among clusters were measured through simulation,and the working characteristics of the threshing testbed for low-damage and dynamic threshing and co.veying of seed co.n with variable diameter and spacing were *** performance test results of the testbed of seed co.n with variable diameter and spacing showed that,when the rotating speed of the threshing axis was 190-290 r/min,feed quantity was 1.80-3.80 kg/s,the damage rate of seed co.n was 0.32%-0.63%,threshing rate was 99.20%-99.82%,and co.tent impurity rate was 4.23%-5.86%,the mass of threshed co.n grains first increased and then decreased along the axial *** test verification process was in line with the simulation results;thus,the test results co.ld satisfy the requirements in design and actual operation.

关键词： seed co.n threshing device with variable diameter and spacing threshing and co.veying process performance test

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Syntheses,Crystal Structures and Antibacterial Evaluation of Two New Pleuromutilin Derivatives

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Chinese Journal of Structural Chemistry 2016年第4期35卷 529-536页

作者：尚若锋许水金衣云鹏艾鑫梁剑平 Key Laboratory of New Animal Drug Project of gansu Province Key Laboratory of Veterinary Pharmaceutical Development Ministry of Agriculture Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences of CAAS Yancheng Youhua Pharmaceutical & Chemical Technology co. Ltd.

Two new pleuromutilin derivatives, 14-O-[（4-amino-6-methoxyl-pyrimidine-2-yl）-thioacetyl] mutilin（4） and 14-O-[4-amino-1-methyl-6-oxo-1,6-dihydropyrimidin-2-yl）thioacetyl] mutilin（5）, were synthesized and structurally characterized by IR, NMR spectra, HRMS and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. These co.pounds co.tain a 5-6-8 tricyclic carbon skeleton and a pyrimidine ring. co.pound 4 is in the monoclinic system, space group P1211 with a = 10.2517（4）, b = 12.5655（4）, c = 10.3435（4）A, V = 1315.69（8） A^3, Z = 2, Dc = 1.309 g/cm3, F（000） = 558, μ = 0.166 mm^-1, S = 1.047, R = 0.0457 and w R = 0.0934 for 4721 unique reflections（R（int） = 0.0322） with I 〉 2σ（I）. co.pound 5 belongs to the orthorhombic system, space group P212121 with a = 7.3667（4）, b = 13.9990（7）, c = 29.0434（13） A, V = 2995.1（2） A^3, Z = 4, Dc = 1.250 g/cm^3, F（000） = 1216, μ = 0.153 mm^-1, S = 1.031, R = 0.0545 and wR = 0.0982 for 5242 unique reflections（R（int） = 0.0476） with I 〉 2σ（I））. The in vitro antibacterial activity study showed the title co.pounds 4 and 5 displayed slightly less activity against methicillin-resistant Staphyloco.cus aureus（MRSA） and methicillin-resistant Staphyloco.cus epidermidis（MRSE）, and lower potent against Escherichia co.i（***） and Bacillus subtilis（***） when co.pared to those of tiamulin fumarate.

关键词： pleuromutilin single-crystal structure antibacterial activities

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Phytogenic feed additives as natural antibiotic alternatives in animal health and production: A review of the literature of the last decade

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Animal Nutrition 2024年第2期17卷 244-264页

作者： Jing Wang Lufang Deng Meixia Chen Yuyan Che Lu Li Longlong Zhu Guoshun Chen Tao Feng Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Sino-US Joint Laboratory of Animal Science Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences Feed Branch of Beijing Sanyuan Breeding Technology co. Ltd. co.lege of Animal Science and Technology Gansu Agricultural University co.lege of Life Science and Food Engineering Hebei University of Engineering co.lege of Animal Science and Technology Henan University of Science and Technology

The use of antibiotics in animal production raises great public safety co.cerns; therefore, there is an urgent need for the development of substitutes for antibiotics. In recent decades, plant-derived feed additives have been widely investigated as antibiotic alternatives for use in animal health and production because they exert multiple biological functions and are less likely to induce resistance *** review summarizes the research history and classification of phytogenic feed additives and their main functions, potential modes of action, influencing factors, and potential negative effects. Further, we highlight the challenges in developing sustainable, safe, and affordable plant-derived antibiotic alternatives for use in livestock production.

关键词： Phytogenic feed additives Antibiotic alternatives Livestock animals Health Production

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Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria and Trichoderma shift co.mon vetch(Vicia sativa)physiology and phyllosphere bacteria toward antagonism against anthracnose caused by co.letotrichum spinaciae

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Grassland Research 2024年第3期3卷 275-289页

作者： Rui Zhu Wei Yan Yajie Wang Yingde Li Rongchun Zheng Wanqing Dong Tuo Yao Tingyu Duan State Key Laboratory of Herbage Improvement and Grassland Agro-eco.ystems Engineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationGansu Tech Innovation Center of Western China Grassland IndustryCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhouGansuChina co.lege of Pratacultural Science Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhouGansuChina

Background:Plant phyllosphere microbes are important for the host plant's *** growth-promoting rhizobacteria(PGPR)and Trichoderma are co.mon bioco.trol agents(BCAs)for disease *** and BCAs can change the rhizosphere microbial co.position;however,the effect of PGPR or Trichoderma on plant phyllosphere microbes,particularly for mesoco.ms involving the interaction between pathogens and BCAs,is not well ***:High-throughput sequencing was used to identify the phyllosphere bacterial co.munity of co.mon vetch interacting with co.letotrichum spinaciae,two PGPRs(Bacillus subtilis and Bacillus licheniformis),and Trichoderma *** evaluated anthracnose severity,phyllosphere bacteria diversity and co.position,and the relationship between the activities of plant defense enzymes and hormonal molecules in plants treated with individual and co.bined inoculations of PGPRs,Trichoderma,and ***:PGPR or Trichoderma alone reduced disease *** reduced the salicylic acid co.tent,PGPR increased the catalase activity in plants,and co.inoculation of PGPR and Trichoderma decreased the salicylic acid *** of PGPR and Trichoderma individually or in co.bination changed the disease-associated phyllosphere bacteria,and this effect was related to plant defense enzymes and hormonal ***:We suggest that the plant defense response induced by PGPR and Trichoderma results in the enrichment of a fraction of favorable chloroplastic bacteria,which facilitates plant defense against diseases.

关键词： anthracnose bioco.trol PGPR phyllosphere bacteria physiology Trichoderma

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Regulation Mechanisms of Stomatal Oscillation

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Journal of Integrative Plant Biology 2005年第10期47卷 1159-1172页

作者： Hui-Min YANG Jian-Hua ZHANG Xiao-Yan ZHANG Department of Biology Hong Kong Baptist University Hong Kong SAR China School of Pastoral agriculture Science and Technology Lanzhou University Gansu Grassland Ecological Research Institute Lanzhou 730020 Chin

Stomata function as the gates between the plant and the atmospheric environment. Stomatal movement, including stomatal opening and closing, co.trols co. absorption as the raw material for photosynthesis and water loss through transpiration. How to reduce water loss and maintain enough co. absorption has been an interesting research topic for some time. Simple stomatal opening may elevate co. absorption, but, in the meantime, promote the water loss, whereas simple closing of stomatal pores may reduce both water loss and co. absorption, resulting in impairment of plant photosynthesis. Both processes are not eco.omical to the plant. As a special rhythmic stomatal movement that usually occurs at smaller stomatal apertures, stomatal oscillation can keep co. absorption at a sufficient level and reduce water loss at the same time, suggesting a potential improvement in water use efficiency. Stomatal oscillation is usually found after a sudden change in one environmental factor in relatively co.stant environments. Many environmental stimuli can induce stomatal oscillation. It appears that, at the physiological level, feedback co.trols are involved in stomatal oscillation. At the cellular level, possibly two different patterns exist：（i） a quicker responsive pattern; and （ii） a slower response. Both involve water potential changes and water channel regulation, but the mechanisms of regulation of the two patterns are different. Some evidence suggests that the regulation of water channels may play a vital and primary role in stomatal oscillation. The present review summarizes studies on stomatal oscillation and co.cludes with some discussion regarding the mechanisms of regulation of stomatal oscillation.

关键词： Ca^2+ signaling guard cell plant stress signaling plant water relation stomatal oscillation water channel.

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co.parative transcriptome analyses reveal that the MsNST1 gene affects lignin synthesis in alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.)

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The Crop Journal 2022年第4期10卷 1059-1072页

作者： Qiang Zhou Pei Mao Dong Luo Xutian Chai Hao Deng Qiangen Fang Longfa Fang Zhibiao Nan Jiangqi Wen Zhipeng Liu State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-eco.ystems Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry InnovationMinistry of Agriculture and Rural AffairsEngineering Research Center of Grassland IndustryMinistry of EducationCollege of Pastoral Agriculture Science and TechnologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730020GansuChina Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Desert Plant Roots Eco.ogy and Vegetation Restoration Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and GeographyChinese Academy of SciencesUrumqi 830011XinjiangChina co.lege of Grassland Science/Key Laboratory of Grassland Eco.ystem of the Ministry of Education Gansu Agricultural UniversityLanzhou 730020GansuChina Noble Research Institute LLCArdmoreOK 73401USA

As the seco.d most abundant natural polymer,acco.nting for approximately 30%of the organic carbon in the biosphere,lignin plays an essential role in plant ***,a high lignin co.tent affects the nutritional quality of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.),the most widely cultivated perennial legume forage *** analysis indicated that G-lignin and S-lignin were present in the stem,leaf,and petiole of alfalfa,and the deposition of lignin increased gradually in descending *** detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),and acid detergent lignin(ADL)co.tents co.tinually increased from the top to the bottom of the stem,and ADL co.tent showed a similar trend in *** leaves and stems from five different nodes(1,2,4,6,and 8)were used as materials to investigate molecular regulatory mechanisms in lignin synthesis by RNA *** 8074 and 7752 differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified in leaves and stems,and 1694 DEGs were co.mon to the two tissues.‘‘Phenylpropanoid biosynthesis”was the most enriched pathway in both leaves and stems,and 134 key regulatory genes in lignin synthesis were identified by a weighted gene co.expression network *** NAC family transcription factor MsNST1 gene was highly expressed in old leaf and stem *** deposition pattern of G-and S-lignin differed among *** wild-type,nst1 mutants,and overexpression lines,and the transcription levels of lignin synthesis genes such as HCT,F5H,and co.T in these three materials also *** results suggest that MsNST1 affects lignin synthesis in *** findings provide a genetic basis and abundant gene resources for further study of the molecular mechanisms of lignin synthesis,laying a foundation for low-lignin alfalfa breeding research.

关键词： Medicago sativa L. Lignin synthesis Transcriptome WGCNA MsNST1

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Breeding and Promotion of Dunyu 107,a High-yielding and Stable-yielding Maize Variety

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Asian Agricultural Research 2020年第7期12卷 41-43页

作者： Jikun GUO Zhibin YAN Yang XI Yanbiao YAN Xiang LI gansu Dunhuang Seed Group co. Ltd. Jiuquan 735000 China

Dunyu 107 is a new maize variety bred by the gansu Dunhuang Seed Group co.,*** the self-bred excellent inbred line HA189 as the female parent and HB38 as the male *** variety has early maturity,tolerance to dense planting,lodging resistance,good yielding stability,good co.prehensive resistance and suitability for mechanized *** passed the national approval in 2019 and has great market potential and application value.

关键词： Maize Variety breeding co.bination identification Quality analysis

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Variations in leaf characteristics of three species of angiosperms with changing of altitude in Qilian Mountains and their inland high-altitude pattern

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Science China Earth Sciences 2014年第4期57卷 662-670页

作者： WANG XueFang LI RuiYun LI XiaoZe MA FuJun SUN BaiNian WU JingYu WANG YouKui School of Earth Sciences and Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (gansu Province) Lanzhou University agriculture Technology Department Gansu Agriculture Technology College Key Laboratory of Desert and Desertification and Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences Management Bureau of Qilianshan Mountains National Nature Reserve

In this study, 39 leaf samples of three angiosperms （Betula albo-sinensis, tree species; and Caragana jubata and Berberis diaphana, shrub species） were co.lected in the middle-east parts at 2300-3640 m asl of the Qilian Mountains to study the varia- tions of leaf characteristics of angiosperms with altitude change in inland high-altitude regions of China. Five leaf indexes, viz. epidermal cell density （ED）, stomatal density （SD）, stomatal index （SI）, leaf vein density （VD） and carbon isotopic ratio （c^13C） were analyzed in laboratory. The results show that there are significant or even very significant linear co.relations between the five indexes and altitude, of which SD, SI and VD exhibit a negative co.relation with altitude, while ED and Ot3C exhibit a positive co.relation with altitude. Such a co.relation assemblage is quite different from the situation in the low-altitude humid environment. Generally, only an assemblage of positive co.relations can be observed between the indexes （viz. SD, SI and （~3C, etc.） and the altitude in the low-altitude humid environment, which were caused mainly by the plants＇ responses to the change of atmospheric co. co.centration （co.. However, an assemblage of the negative and positive co.relations found here may be attributed mainly to the plants＇ responses to the change of physiological drought caused by change of low temperature, and here it is preliminarily called the inland high-altitude pattern of plant leaf variations.

关键词： Qilian Mountains angiosperm variations of leaf characteristics (SD SI ED VD δ13C) inland high-altitude pattern

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Cloning,Sequencing and Analysis of Melatonin Receptor Subtype MT1 in ypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis and Pineal of Female Bactrian Camel

Cloning,Sequencing and Analysis of Melatonin Receptor Subtyp...

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首届（2012）中国骆驼大会暨中国畜牧业协会骆驼分会成立大会

作者： HU Jun-jie Zhang Yong WANG Jun-ying ZHAO Xing-xu Zhang Hai-rong co.lege of Veterinary Medicine Gansu Agricultural University China agriculture Vet.Bio.Science and Technology co. LTD Lanzhou Department ofagriculture Dezhou University

It is well known that melatonin is a co.rdinating signal for mammalian *** order to co.firm the presence of melatonin receptors in hypothalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and pineal of female Bactrian camel,we used a reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) procedure to examine receptor MT1 *** length of MT1 gene was 452 ***-PCR assaying revealed the presence of the mt1(Mel1a) melatonin receptor subtype in reproduction axis and pineal which were obtained from the slaughterhouse in the Ningxia Autonomous Region,*** has been co.firmed a high identity(above 85%)with melatonin receptor MT1 of other mammal known in *** with other tissue’s sequences,one base substitution changed the 108th TTC co.on(enco.ing Phenylalanine) to TAC(Tyrosine) on *** there are base substitutions in pineal’s gene, enco.ed amino acid are co.ncident with pituitary and *** current results,the expression of MT1 receptor mRNA in brain and ovary,suggest that melatonin regulate reproduction function through not only neuroendocrine but also directly acting on the ovary in Bactrian camel

关键词： clone sequence MT1 Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Gonadal Axis Bactrian camel

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