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Clinical/Behavioral Monitoring of Rodents and Rabbits Undergoing Scientific Experiments

open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2024年第5期14卷 91-109页

作者： Luiz Cesar Cavalcanti Pereira Jhônata Willy Rocha Coelho Hyago da Silva Medeiros Elidio Rita de Cássia dos Passos Ferraz Da Silva João Gabriel Regis Sobral Bárbara Alves de Brito Soledade Leandro Thomaz Vilela Isabele Barbieri Dos Santos Institute of Science and Technology in Biomodels (ICTB) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil Laboratory Animal Facility of the Carlos Chagas Pavilion of the Animal Experimentation Center (CEA) Oswaldo Cruz Institute (IOC) Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ) Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Background: We currently have international and national guidelines regarding the assessment and monitoring of clinical signs and humane endpoints in animals used in teaching and research, which make the performance of these activities mandatory for any experiment and professional working in this area. Assigning the severity of a research experiment is the result of an analysis of records of observations of the animal’s behavior, and clinical signs. The aim of this study was to describe the importance of carrying out a severity assessment associated with clinical and behavioral monitoring of rodents and rabbits during experimentation to maintain the welfare of these animals undergoing scientific research. Methods: The literature search was carried out using the following terms: “Monitoring”;“Humane endpoints”;“Animal welfare”, “Rodents”;“Rabbits”, and as connectors “and”;“or”, in the following databases: PubMed;LILACS/BIREME and SciELo. Results: A total of 987 articles were identified in the databases, and 20 of these studies were included in this review. Conclusions: Humane endpoint protocols and procedure severity tables are of the utmost importance, both from an ethical point and to refine the results of research conducted on laboratory animals. They should be drawn up jointly by the teams responsible for the project and the maintenance of the animals during the research period, and the data obtained should be published so that the scientific community can have access to it, helping to disseminate these practices, as well as helping to draw up new procedures. Monitoring and evaluating the welfare and clinical condition of animals undergoing scientific research procedures is the responsibility of the professors, researchers, veterinarians, and animal facility coordinators. The Ethics Committee on the Use of Animals must monitor all the activities conducted with the animals, by inspecting the experimental procedures and the physical environment of the laboratory an

关键词： Monitoring Humane Endpoints Animal Welfare Experimental Design Laboratory Animals’ Investigations

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Therapy with bone marrow cells reduces liver alterations in mice chronically infected by Schistosoma mansoni

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第38期14卷 5842-5850页

作者： Sheilla Andrade oliveira Bruno Solano Freitas Souza Carla Adriana Guimares-Ferreira Elton Sá Barreto Siane Campos Souza Luiz Antonio Rodrigues Freitas Ricardo Ribeiro-dos-Santos Milena Botelho Pereira Soares Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas 40295-001 Salvador BA Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhes Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Recife Av Moraes Rego s/n Cidade Universitária Recife 50670-420 PE Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas Salvador 40295-001 BA Brazil Centro de Pesquisas Gonalo Moniz Fundao Oswaldo Cruz Rua Waldemar Falco 121 Brotas 40295-001 Salvador BA Brazil Hospital So Rafael Av So Rafael 2152 So Marcos Salvador 41256-900 BA Brazil

AIM： To investigate the potential of bone marrow mononuclear cells （BM-MCs） in the regeneration of hepatic lesions induced by Schistosoma mansoni （***） chronic infection. METHoDS： Female mice chronically infected with *** were treated with BM-MCs obtained from male green fluorescent protein （GFP） transgenic mice by intravenous or intralobular injections. Control mice received injections of saline in similar conditions, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） assay for transforming growth factor-beta （TGF-β）, polymerase chain reaction （PCR） for GFP DNA, immunofluorescence and morphometric studies were performed. RESULTS： Transplanted GFP^＋ cells migrated to granuloma areas and reduced the percentage of liver fibrosis. The presence of donor-derived cells was confirmed by Fluorescence in situ hybridization （FISH） analysis for detection of cells bearing Y chromosome and by PCR analysis for detection of GFP DNA. The levels of TGF-β, a cytokine associated with fibrosis deposition, in liver fragments of mice submitted to therapy were reduced. The number of oval cells in liver sections of ***-infected mice increased 3-4 fold after transplantation. A partial recovery in albumin expression, which is decreased upon infection with ***, was found in livers of infected mice after cellular therapy. CoNCLUSIoN： In conclusion, transplanted BMCs migrate to and reduce the damage of chronic fibrotic liver lesions caused by ***.

关键词： Schistosoma mansoni Liver injury Fibrosis Bone marrow cells Transplantation Albumin oval cells

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Discrete time forecasting of epidemics

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Infectious Disease Modelling 2020年第1期5卷 189-196页

作者： Daniel A.M.Villela Programa de Computação Científica Fundação Oswaldo CruzRio de JaneiroBrazil

Forecasting in the domain of infectious diseases aims at estimating the number of cases ahead of time during an epidemic,hence fundamentally requires understanding its *** fact,estimates about the dynamics help to predict the number of cases in an epidemic,which will depend on determining a few of defining factors such as its starting point,the turning point,growth factor,and the size of the epidemic in total number of *** this work a phenomenological model deals with a practical aspect often disregarded in such studies,namely that health surveillance produces counts in batches when aggregated over discrete time,such as days,weeks,months,or other time *** model enables derivation of equations that permit both estimating key dynamics parameters and *** using both severe acute respiratory illness data and synthetic data show that the forecasting follows very well over time the dynamics and is resilient with statistical noise,but has a delay effect due to the discrete time.

关键词： Mathematical model Forecasting SARI Influenza

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Socio-environmental factors associated with small mammal assemblage and Leptospira prevalence in Suburban Areas of Terengganu,Malaysia

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2024年第9期17卷 400-407,I0002,I0003页

作者： Mohammad Izuan Mohd Zamri Nur Juliani Shafie Mohammad Ridhuan Mohd Ali Adedayo Michael Awoniyi Hernan Dario Argibay Federico Costa Faculty of Science and Marine Environment Universiti Malaysia TerengganuKuala NerusTerengganuMalaysia Bacteriology Unit Institute for Medical Research(IMR)Kuala LumpurMalaysia Institute of Collective Health Federal University of BahiaSalvadorBrazil Gonçalo Moniz Research Center Oswaldo Cruz FoundationBrazilian Ministry of HealthSalvadorBahiaBrazil Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases Yale School of Public HealthNew HavenCT06511USA Lancaster Medical School Lancaster UniversityLancasterLA14YWUK

objective:To examine the socio-environmental factors associated with the assemblage of small mammals and the prevalence of Leptospira pathogen in poor suburban communities of Terengganu,***:We trapped small mammals from 119 trapping points scattered around three suburban communities of Terengganu using sausage-baited live *** the average,we set up five traps for three nights at each sampling point during the trapping *** of captured animals were harvested and processed for Leptospira ***,environmental survey was conducted at each trapping point to obtain information about possible variables supporting small mammal *** used a generalized linear model to evaluate the effect of different socio-environmental variables on small mammals’***:A total of 89 small mammals,specifically,Rattus norvegicus(n=39),Rattus rattus(n=27),Rattus exulans(n=10),Suncus murinus(n=11),and Tupaia glis(n=2)were captured from 1385 trap *** individuals(15.7%)of the captured animals tested positive for Leptospira bacteria using PCR *** of our generalized linear model showed only residences bordering vacant lots as the variable positively associated with small mammal occurrence in the three study ***:Small mammal community,especially the often neglected species,could harbour and potentially contribute towards pathogenic Leptospira maintenance in the study *** adequately control small mammals’population and subsequent human zoonoses transmission,it is critical to advocate and promote appropriate infrastructure and suburban services,together with good hygiene practices that can reduce the animals’access to food and harborage.

关键词： Leptospirosis Rodents Small mammals control Suburban community Zoonotic diseases

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The CoVID-19 Pandemic:Global Asymmetries and Challenges for the Future of Health

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China CDC weekly 2021年第7期3卷 140-141页

作者： Nísia Trindade Lima Carlos Grabois Gadelha oswaldo cruz Foundation-Fiocruz

The coronavirus disease 2019(CoVID-19)pandemic reveals economic,social,and environmental trends that have been present since the last two decades,and it is characterized as a new phenomenon that qualitatively alters contemporary global and national dilemmas—not only because it was caused by a hitherto unknown virus,but by the magnitude of the crisis and the transformations that shape the *** marks a disruptive and threatening historical period in the face of the foundations of modern sociability built during the post-war period.

关键词： CoV demic contemporary

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Evaluation of parasitemia by qPCR in patients with chronic Chagas disease treated with benznidazole

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2023年第12期16卷 565-572页

作者： Tycha Bianca Sabaini Pavan Eros Antônio de Almeida Rodrigo Gonçalves de Lima Jamiro da Silva Wanderley Luiz Cláudio Martins Sandra Cecília Botelho Costa Gláucia Elisete Barbosa Marcon Departamento de Clínica Médica Faculdade de Ciências MédicasUniversidade Estadual de Campinas(Unicamp)CampinasSão PauloBrasil fundação oswaldo cruz Fiocruz Mato Grosso do SulCampo GrandeMSBrasil

objective:To evaluate parasitemia by qPCR in patients undergoing etiological treatment and followed in a Brazilian reference ***:Parasite load was quantified by qPCR in 32 participants with chronic Chagas disease who were treated with *** analyses were performed before and after the treatment and parasite loads were compared prior and 12/18 months post the ***:Thirty-two participants were recruited and treated with benznidazole,and 20 were *** events(AE)were observed in 22 out of 29 participants that had safety data(76%),and dermatological alterations were the most frequently observed *** the 20 participants analyzed,13 and 7 completed 12 and 18 months follow-up after the treatment,respectively.12 Months after the final treatment,Trypanosoma cruzi was detectable in 3 patients by qPCR;18 months after the final treatment,Trypanosoma cruzi was detectable per qPCR in 4 of the 7 ***,between 12 and 18 months,7 participants of the 20 initial follow-up cases showed positive qPCR,indicating treatment ***:qPCR can be used as an alternative method for evaluating the effectiveness of the etiological treatment of CD,and can be applied to analyze early therapeutic *** study showed that benznidazole therapy had limited effectiveness in treating chronic CD patients,thus emphasizing the importance of conducting continued research for developing more effective therapies and diagnosis for CD.

关键词： Trypanosoma cruzi Chagas disease Antitrypanosomal therapy Benznidazole qPCR Therapeutic failure

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Gastric neuroendocrine tumor: A practical literature review

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2020年第8期12卷 850-856页

作者： Gabriel Antonio Roberto Carolina Magalhães Britto Rodrigues Renata D’Alpino Peixoto Riad Naim Younes Bachelor Medicine União das Faculdades dos Grandes LagosSão Josédo Rio Preto15030070Brazil Department of oncology Hospital Alemão Oswaldo CruzSão Paulo 01327001Brazil Universidade Nove de Julho São Paulo 01327001Brazil Department of Thoracic Surgery Hospital Alemão Oswaldo CruzSão Paulo 01327001Brazil

Gastric neuroendocrine tumors are gastric neoplasms originating from enterochromaffin type cells and are inserted in a larger group,named gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine *** are considered rare and variable in terms of their clinical,morphological and functional characteristics and may be indolent or *** are classified into types I,II and III,according to their pathophysiology,behavior and *** diagnosis occurs,in most cases,incidentally during upper digestive endoscopies,presenting as simple gastric *** cases(type I and type II)are related to hypergastrinemia,can be multiple and are treated by endoscopic resection,whenever *** use of somatostatin analogs for tumor control may be one of the options for therapy,in addition to total or subtotal gastrectomy for selected *** chemotherapy is only reserved for poorly differentiated neuroendocrine *** rare,gastric neuroendocrine tumors have an increasing incidence over the years,therefore deserving more comprehensive studies on its adequate *** present study reviews and updates management recommendations for gastric neuroendocrine tumors.

关键词： Gastric neuroendocrine tumor Gastroenteropancreatic tumor Hypergastrinemia Gastric carcinoid Endoscopic resection

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New perspectives for mesenchymal stromal cells as an adjuvant therapy for infectious disease-associated encephalopathies

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第1期17卷 48-52页

作者： Maiara N.Lima Maria C.Barbosa-Silva Tatiana Maron-Gutierrez Laboratory of Immunopharmacology Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationFiocruzRio de JaneiroRJBrazil National Institute of Science and Technology on Neuroimmunomodulation Rio de JaneiroBrazil

Knowledge of the mechanisms that trigger infection-related encephalopathies is still very limited and cell therapies are one of the most promising alternatives for neurodegenerative diseases,and its application in infectious diseases can be of great *** stromal cells are cells with great immunomodulatory potential;therefore,their use in clinical and preclinical studies in a variety of diseases,including central nervous system diseases,increased in the last *** stromal cells can exert their beneficial effects through several mechanisms,such as direct cell contact,through surface receptors,and also through paracrine or endocrine *** paracrine mechanism is widely accepted by the scientific community and involves the release of soluble factors,which include cytokines,chemokines and trophic factors,and extracellular *** mini review discusses mesenchymal stromal cells mechanisms of action in neurological disorders,the neuroinflammatory process that takes place in the brain as a result of peripheral inflammation and changes in the brain’s cellular scenario as a common factor in central nervous system diseases,and mesenchymal stromal cells therapy in *** stromal cells have been shown to act in neuroinflammation processes,leading to improved survival and mitigating behavioral *** recently,these cells have been tested in preclinical models of infectious diseases-associated encephalopathies(e.g.,cerebral malaria and sepsis associated encephalopathy)and have shown satisfactory results.

关键词： behavior cell therapy cognition encephalopathy malaria mesenchymal stromal cell sepsis

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Genetic Diversity of Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Isolated from Human T Lymphotropic Virus Type I (HTLV-I) Infected Individuals

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2016年第4期6卷 163-173页

作者： Andréia Santos Silva Elizabeth de Souza Neves Maria Cristina Lourenç o Márcia dos Santos Guimarã es Debora Ribeiro de Souza Santos Adriana Hamond Regua-Mangia Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca Funda&ccedil ã o oswaldo cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil Instituto Nacional de Infectologia Funda&ccedil ã o oswaldo cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil Instituto Nacional de Controle de Qualidade em Saúde Funda&ccedil ã o oswaldo cruz Rio de Janeiro Brazil

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is a frequent pathology among HTLV-I+ individuals being capable of severely compromising the kidneys and bladder. Molecular characteristics of uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) from HTLV-I+ infected individuals are unknown. UPEC isolates from HTVL-I+ individuals, with and without clinical symptoms of myelopathy, were submitted to genetic typing seeking to infer bacterial diversity and potential virulence. 71 bacterial isolates were characterized according to random amplified polymorphic DNA and phylotypes. Phylotyping classified E. coli into four phylogenetic groups: A (18.3%), B1 (16.9%), B2 (39.4%), and D (25.3%) and 8 phylotypes according to the presence of the genetic sequences chuA, yjaA and the DNA fragment TSPE4.C2: ﹣﹣﹣ (5.6%) and ﹣+﹣ (12.6%) in phylogroup A, ﹣﹣+ (7.0%) and ﹣++ (9.8%) in B1, +++ (32.3%) and ++﹣ (7.0%) in B2, +﹣﹣ (15.4%) and +﹣+ (9.8%) in D. The B2 phylogroup was the most prevalent among HTLV﹣ associated myelopathy and asymptomatic individuals. RAPD-PCR typing revealed a high degree of bacterial polymorphism indicating a non-clonal origin. Genotypes were not found to be distributed according to clinical status or epidemiological features. our results lead us to suggest that the neurological impairment in HTLV-I+ individuals can be a risk factor for urinary infections due E. coli which are caused by distinct bacterial lineages.

关键词： Uropathogenic Escherichia coli Genetic Diversity Phylotype HTLV-I+

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Animal models applied to acute-on-chronic liver failure:Are new models required to understand the human condition?

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2022年第9期10卷 2687-2699页

作者： Jaciara Fernanda Gomes Gama Liana Monteiro da Fonseca Cardoso Jussara Machado Lagrota-Candido LuizAnastacio Alves Laboratory of Cellular Communication Oswaldo Cruz InstituteOswaldo Cruz FoundationRio de Janeiro 21045900Rio de JaneiroBrazil Laboratory of Immunopathology Department of ImmunobiologyFluminense Federal UniversityNiteroi 24210-200Rio de JaneiroBrazil

The liver is a multifaceted organ;its location and detoxifying function expose this organ to countless ***-on-chronic failure liver(ACLF)is a severe syndrome that affects the liver due to acute decompensation in patients with chronic liver *** infection environment,ascites,increased liver enzymes and prothrombin time,encephalopathy and fast-evolving multiorgan failure,leading to death,usually accompany *** pathophysiology remains poorly *** this context,animal models become a very useful tool in this regard,as understanding;the disease may be helpful in developing novel therapeutic methodologies for ***,although animal models display several similarities to the human condition,they do not represent all ACLF manifestations,resulting in significant *** initial liver cirrhosis framework followed by the induction of an acute decompensation by administering lipopolysaccharide and D-Ga IN,potentiating liver damage supports the methodologies applied to induce experimental *** entire methodology has been described mostly for ***,a quick Pub Med database search indicates about 30 studies concerning ACFL models and over 1000 regarding acute liver failure *** findings demonstrate the clear need to establish easily reproducible ACFL models to elucidate questions about this quickly established and often fatal syndrome.

关键词： Liver disease Acute-on-chronic liver failure Cirrhosis Acute decompensate event Translational study Animal models

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