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Occupational exposures and colorectal cancers:A quantitative overview of epidemiological evidence

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第35期20卷 12431-12444页

作者： Enrico Oddone Carlo Modonesi Gemma Gatta Department of Public Health Experimental and Forensic MedicineOccupational Medicine UnitUniversity of Pavia Department of Biosciences Natural History MuseumUniversity of Parma Department of Preventive and Predictive medicine Evaluative Epidemiology UnitFondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori

A traditional belief widespread across the biomedical community was that dietary habits and genetic predisposition were the basic factors causing colorectal *** more recent times,however,a growing evidence has shown that other determinants can be very important in increasing(or reducing) incidence of this *** hypothesis that environmental and occupational risk factors are associated with colorectal cancer is gaining ground,and high risks of colorectal cancer have been reported among workers in some industrial *** aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiologic relationship between colorectal cancer and occupational exposures to several industrial activities,by means of a scientific literature review and *** work pointed out increased risks of colorectal cancer for labourers occupied in industries with a wide use of chemical compounds,such as leather(RR = 1.70,95%CI:1.24-2.34),basic metals(RR = 1.32,95%CI:1.07-1.65),plastic and rubber manufacturing(RR = 1.30,95%CI:0.98-1.71 and RR = 1.27,95%CI:0.92-1.76,respectively),besides workers in the sector of repair and installation of machinery exposed to asbestos(RR = 1.40,95%CI:1.07-1.84).Based on our results,the estimated crude excess risk fraction attributable to occupational exposure ranged from about 11% to about 15%.However,homogeneous pattern of association between colorectal cancer and industrial branches did not emerge from this review.

关键词： Colorectal cancer Occupational exposures Public health Chemical compounds Basic metals Meta analysis

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Next generation sequencing of Y-STRs in father-son pairs and comparison with traditional capillary electrophoresis

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 484-489页

作者： Steffi Bredemeyer Lutz Roewer Sascha Willuweit Department of forensic Genetics Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic SciencesCharité-Universitätsmedizin BerlinBerlinGermany

To evaluate the promising advantages of massively parallel sequencing(MPS)in our casework,we analysed a total of 33 Y-chromosomal short tandem repeats(Y-STRs)with traditional capillary electrophoresis(CE)and 25 Y-STRs using the newer MPS *** studied the outcome of both technologies in 64 father-son pairs using stock and custom-designed *** MPS technology confirmed the 13 mutational events observed with CE and improved our understanding of the complex nature of STR *** detecting isometric sequence variants between unrelated males,we show that sequencing Y-STRs using MPS can boost discrimination power.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic genetics Y-STRs rapidly mutating Y-STRs sequence polymorphism isometric sequence variants massively parallel sequencing

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DNA identification of compromised samples with massive parallel sequencing

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forensic Sciences Research 2019年第4期4卷 331-336页

作者： Andreas Tillmar Ida Grandell Kerstin Montelius Department of forensic Genetics and forensic Toxicology National Board of Forensic MedicineLinköpingSweden Department of Clinical and Experimental medicine Faculty of Health SciencesLinköping UniversityLinköpingSweden

Genetic profiling is a standard procedure for human identification,*** criminal cases and mass disasters,and has been proven to be an important part in the process in the repatriation of victims to their *** the event of a catastrophe whether it be a natural disaster,terror attack or accident,fatalities of many nationalities may be a consequence and international collaboration becomes *** DNA techniques used on a routine basis at forensic laboratories world-wide are very useful,and results reported from different labs are compared,making it possible to be matched in order to declare the identification of a *** calculations of possibilities of a random match are achievable since population data from many parts of the world are ***,decomposition and degradation of the remains are not uncommon in the aftermath of a catastrophe and hence it may be difficult to retrieve detailed DNA profiles from such *** parallel sequencing(MPS)is a technique capable of producing a vast amount of DNA sequence data in a high-through put manner,and panels of single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP)markers allow the amplification of small DNA fragments,often seen in compromised ***,we report the results from a set of 10 samples from missing person identification cases,analyzed with an MPS based method comprising 131 SNP markers and compared with direct reference material or buccal swab samples collected from relatives of the *** assess the weight of evidence of a match by statistical ***,we compare results reported on different platforms using different SNP panels,and conclude that more work has to be done if results from missing person identification cases analyzed on MPS with SNP panels at different laboratories are to be fully reliable and thus comparable.

关键词： forensic science forensic genetics disaster victim identification massive parallel sequencing SNP mass disaster

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PCR-based site-specific mutagenesis of peptide antibiotics FALL-39 and its biologic activities

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Acta Pharmacologica Sinica 2004年第2期25卷 113-119页

作者： Yun-xia YANG2,3, Yun FENG3, Bo-yao WANG3,Qi WU3 2Department of Pharmacology,3Research unit of Infection & Immunity, West-China School of Preclinical and forensic medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China Department of Pharmacology West-China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine Sichuan University Chengdu 610041 China

AIM: To construct PGEX-1λT-FALL-39 expression vector and its mutant vector, and study the relationship of function and structure. METHODS: A cDNA encoding mature FALL-39 was cloned from SPCA-1 cell mRNA and the prokaryotic expression vector PGEX-1λT-FALL-39 was constructed. Two kinds of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the site-direction mutagenesis were used to construct FALL-39 mutant expression vector, FALL-39-Lys- 32 and FALL-39-Lys-24. Minimal effective concentration, minimal inhibitory concentration, and minimal bacteri- cidal concentration were used to assay the antibacterial activities of these peptides. Effects of different solution on the antibacterial activity of FALL-39 and FALL-39-Lys-32 were observed by CFU determination. The hemolytic effects of these peptides were also examined on human red blood cells. RESULTS: Two site-specific mutants FALL-39-Lys-32 and FALL-39-Lys24 were obtained by PCR-induced mutagenesis. In comparison with two-step PCR which required two pairs of primers, one step PCR which required one pair of primers is a simple and efficient method for the PCR based site-specific mutagenesis. Using the prokaryotic expression system, the E coli-based products of recombinant FALL39 and its mutant peptides were also obtained. The antibacterial assay showed that FALL-39-Lys-32 and FALL-39-Lys24 were more potential in the antibacterial activity against E coli ML35p and Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC27853 than that of FALL-39, and no increase in hemolysis was observed at the antibacterial concentrations. The antibacterial activity of FALL-39-Lys-32 against E coli was more potent than that of FALL-39 in NaCl-containing LB medium, while its activity was almost the same as FALL-39 in SO4 containing 2- Medium E. CONCLUSION: PCR-based mutagensis is a useful model system for studying the structure and function relationship of antimicrobial peptides. Keeping α-helical conformation of FALL-39 and increasing net positive charge can increase the antibacter

关键词： FALL 39 peptide antibiotics polymerase chain reaction mutation hemolysis

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Mechanism of inflammatory response and therapeutic effects of stem cells in ischemic stroke:current evidence and future perspectives

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第1期20卷 67-81页

作者： Yubo Wang Tingli Yuan Tianjie Lyu Ling Zhang Meng Wang Zhiying He Yongjun Wang Zixiao Li Vascular Neurology Department of NeurologyBeijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina China National Clinical Research Center for Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Stem Cells Translational medicine ShanghaiChina National Center for Healthcare Quality Management in Neurological Diseases Beijing Tiantan HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijingChina Institute for Regenerative medicine Shanghai East HospitalSchool of Life Sciences and TechnologyTongji UniversityShanghaiChina Chinese Institute for Brain Research BeijingChina Research unit of Artificial Intelligence in Cerebrovascular Disease Chinese Academy of Medical SciencesBeijingChina Beijing Engineering Research Center of Digital Healthcare for Neurological Diseases BeijingChina

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide,with an increasing trend and tendency for onset at a younger ***,in particular,bears a high burden of stroke *** recent years,the inflammatory response after stroke has become a research hotspot:understanding the role of inflammatory response in tissue damage and repair following ischemic stroke is an important direction for its *** review summarizes several major cells involved in the inflammatory response following ischemic stroke,including microglia,neutrophils,monocytes,lymphocytes,and ***,we have also highlighted the recent progress in various treatments for ischemic stroke,particularly in the field of stem cell ***,understanding the complex interactions between inflammation and ischemic stroke can provide valuable insights for developing treatment strategies and improving patient *** cell therapy may potentially become an important component of ischemic stroke treatment.

关键词： cell therapy immune cell inflammatory ischemic stroke stem cell

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Determining the Electrical Conductivity of Rat Cadaveric Liver,Spleen,and Kidney to Estimate Early Postmortem Interval

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2017年第3期3卷 111-114页

作者： Zhe Zheng Xiandun Zhai Zhiyuan Xia Yaonan Mo Department of forensic medicine Forensic Medicine SchoolHenan University of Science and TechnologyLuoyangHenanChina

Previous research has found that electrical conductivity(EC),an important index to predict meat freshness and shelflife,is very promising for estimating the late postmortem interval(PMI).However,whether it has potential use in the early PMI has not been fully studied *** test this possibility in the present study,EC of three internal organs of rat liver,spleen,and kidney were determined within 24 postmortem hows,and then,EC changes at different PMIs were carefully *** overall results showed that EC of liver and spleen increased significantly with PMI while EC of kidney had minor changes during the same ***,significant linear positive correlations between EC of liver and spleen and PMI were found and the coefficients of their regression functions were R^(2)=0.98 and R^(2)=0.95,*** can be concluded that determination of EC in certain internal organs such as liver and spleen may be a potential tool in the early PMI ***,more researches on its influencing factors are needed to facilitate its final use in practice.

关键词： Early postmortem interval electrical conductivity forensic science kidney liver spleen

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What exists beyond cag A and vacA? Helicobacter pylori genes in gastric diseases

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2015年第37期21卷 10563-10572页

作者： Débora Menezes da Costa Eliane dos Santos Pereira Silvia Helena Barem Rabenhorst Molecular Genetics Laboratory Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine School of Medicine Federal University of Ceará

Helicobacter pylori(H. pylori) infection is present in more than half the world's population and has been associated with several gastric disorders, such as gastritis, peptic ulceration, and gastric *** clinical outcome of this infection depends on host and bacterial factors where H. pylori virulence genes seem to play a relevant role. Studies of cag A and vac A genes established that they were determining factors in gastric pathogenesis. However, there are gastric cancer cases that are cag A-negative. Several other virulence genes have been searched for, but these genes remain less well known that cag A and vac A. Thus, this review aimed to establish which genes have been suggested as potentially relevant virulence factors for H. pylori-associated gastrointestinal diseases. We focused on the cag-pathogenicity island, genes with adherence and motility functions, and ice A based on the relevance shown in several studies in the literature.

关键词： Helicobacter pylori Virulence genes Cagpathogenici

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Use of deep learning in forensic sex estimation of virtual pelvic models from the Han population

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forensic Sciences Research 2022年第3期7卷 540-549页

作者： Yongjie Cao Yonggang Ma Xiaotong Yang Jian Xiong Yahui Wang Jianhua Zhang Zhiqiang Qin Yijiu Chen Duarte Nuno Vieira Feng Chen Ji Zhang Ping Huang Shanghai Key Laboratory of forensic medicine Shanghai Forensic Service PlatformAcademy of Forensic ScienceMinistry of JusticeShanghaiChina Department of forensic medicine Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjingChina Department of Medical Imaging 3201 Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science CenterHanzhongChina Department of forensic Pathology Shanxi Medical UniversityTaiyuanChina Department of forensic medicine Guizhou Medical UniversityGuiyangChina Institute of Legal medicine Faculty of MedicineUniversity of CoimbraCoimbraPortugal

Accurate sex estimation is crucial to determine the identity of human skeletal remains ***,we developed convolutional neural network(CNN)models for sex estimation on virtual hemi-pelvic regions,including the ventral pubis(VP),dorsal pubis(DP),greater sciatic notch(GSN),pelvic inlet(PI),ischium,and acetabulum from the Han population and compared these models with two experienced forensic anthropologists using morphological methods.A Computed Tomography(CT)dataset of 862 individuals was divided into the subgroups of training,validation,and testing,*** CT-based virtual hemi-pelvises from the training and validation groups were used to calibrate sex estimation models;and then a testing dataset was used to evaluate the performance of the trained models and two human experts on the sex estimation of specific pelvic regions in terms of overall accuracy,sensitivity,specificity,F1 score,and receiver operating characteristic(ROC)*** for the ischium and acetabulum,the CNN models trained with the VP,DP,GSN,and PI images achieved excellent results with all the prediction metrics over *** accuracies were superior to those of the two forensic anthropologists in the independent ***,the heatmap results confirmed that the trained CNN models were focused on traditional sexual anatomic traits for sex *** study demonstrates the potential of AI techniques based on the radiological dataset in sex estimation of virtual pelvic *** excellent sex estimation performance obtained by the CNN models indicates that this method is valuable to proceed with in prospective forensic trials.

关键词： forensic sciences forensic anthropology sex estimation pelvis deep learning convolutional neural network

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Circular RNA expression alterations are involved in incubation of morphine craving

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中国药理学与毒理学杂志 2018年第9期32卷 728-729页

作者： YU Hai-lei WEN Di ZHANG Xiu-ning ZHANG Jing-jing SHEN Qian-chao JING Wei-wei CONG Bin MA Chun-ling College of forensic medicine Hebei Medical University Hebei Key Laboratory of Forensic Medicine Collaborative Innovation Center of Forensic Medical Molecular Identification Shijiazhuang 050017 China

OBJECTIVE Cue-induced drug craving progressively increase after prolong abstinence in animal and human beings.A behavioral phenomenon termed incubation of drug craving is considered as a key reason for drug relapse,but the transcriptional mechanisms that contribute to this incubation are *** has been demonstrated that circular RNAs(circR NAs),act as miR NA sponges,play important roles in the regulation of gene expression and the pathogenesis of *** present study aims to explore the transcriptional profiles associated with incubation of morphine craving in nucleus accumbens(NAc),an important brain area previously implicated in drug *** The animal model of the incubation of drug craving was induced by CPP paradigms with six morphine(5 mg·kg-1) injections and 14 d drug abstinence in *** brain tissues of NAc were collected after the behavioral tests for circRNA-sequencing by Illumina Hiseq X *** identified differentially expressed genes(DEGs) by qRT-PCR and used bioinformatics methods for further function *** The progressive increase of CPP scores during the 14 d drug abstinence indicated the establishment of animal *** data of circRNA-sequencing reported that 16 circRNAs were significantly altered after 28 d drug abstinence in NAc of morphine treated mice(FC≥2 and P<0.05).Among those circRNAs,9 were significantly up-regulated,while 7 were ***,we subsequently tested circRNAs expression using quantitative real-time PCR,and the consistent data were *** results of KEGG pathway analysis indicated that these genes were enriched for several biological processes,including RNA transport,protein ubiquitination and histone methylation,*** These findings provide a unique resource of gene expression data for future studies examining transcriptional mechanisms in NAc that mediate opioids seeking after prolonged withdrawal.

关键词： morphine drug craving incubation circular RNAs KEGG pathway

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Stature Estimation from Body Dimensions in Han Population of Southern China

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Journal of forensic Science and medicine 2020年第4期6卷 126-134页

作者： Lu‑Yao Xu Fan‑Zhang Lei Jie‑Xuan Lin Ling Song Xin‑Yu Li Qi Wang Department of forensic Pathology School of Forensic MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina

Stature estimation is widely used for individual identification in forensic *** studies have proposed several regression equations derived from a single population for this ***,this may not be suitable for other populations because of different hereditary and environmental *** this study,stature estimation equations for southern China Han population have been *** study was conducted on a sample population of 121 men and women aged 18–25 years.A total of 19 parameters,including stature,head,torso,and parts of upper limbs and lower limbs,were measured according to standard anthropometric ***,the anterior superior spine–malleolus medialis line showed the highest correlation coefficient(r=0.817)and was the most reliable predictor(R^(2)=0.667)in men,while the best predictor for women was total leg length(R^(2)=0.746)with the highest correlation coefficient(r=0.863).The regression analysis results via multiple predictors showed a high accuracy in stature ***,the analysis of multiple regression predictors showed that the dimensions of lower limbs were more reliable for stature estimation compared to head,torso,and upper limb *** study provided equations of stature estimation for southern China Han population which can be useful in cases of dismembered body.

关键词： Body dimensions forensic anthropology regression analysis southern China Han population stature estimation

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