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Dietary Diversity and food security Status among Cameroonian Adults Living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald Tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Centre for food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual food security Littoral West North West Cameroon

Repositioning fertilizer manufacturing subsidies for improving food security and reducing greenhouse gas emissions in China

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2024年第2期23卷 430-443页

作者： Zongyi Wu Xiaolong Feng Yumei Zhang Shenggen Fan Academy of Global food Economics and Policy China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China College of Economics and Management China Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100083China

China removed fertilizer manufacturing subsidies from 2015 to 2018 to bolster market-oriented reforms and foster environmentally sustainable ***,the impact of this policy reform on food security and the environment remains inadequately ***,although green and low-carbon technologies offer environmental advantages,their widespread adoption is hindered by prohibitively high *** study analyzes the impact of removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies and explores the potential feasibility of redirecting fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in the diffusion of these *** the China Agricultural University Agri-food Systems model,we analyzed the potential for achieving mutually beneficial outcomes regarding food security and environmental *** findings indicate that removing fertilizer manufacturing subsidies has reduced greenhouse gas(GHG)emissions from agricultural activities by 3.88 million metric tons,with minimal impact on food *** fertilizer manufacturing subsidies to invest in green and low-carbon technologies,including slow and controlled-release fertilizer,organic-inorganic compound fertilizers,and machine deep placement of fertilizer,emerges as a strategy to concurrently curtail GHG emissions,ensure food security,and secure robust economic ***,we propose a comprehensive set of government interventions,including subsidies,field guidance,and improved extension systems,to promote the widespread adoption of these technologies.

关键词： food security fertilizer manufacturing subsidies agri-food systems greenhouse gas emissions

Managing nutrient for both food security and environmental sustainability in China:an experiment for the world

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Frontiers of Agricultural Science and Engineering 2014年第1期1卷 46-54页

作者： Fusuo ZHANG Zhenling CUI Weifeng ZHANG Center for Resources Environment and Food SecurityChina Agricultural UniversityBeijing 100193China

The challenges of how to simultaneously ensure global food security,improve nitrogen use efficiency(NUE)and protect the environment have received increasing ***,the dominant agricultural paradigm still considers high yield and reducing environmental impacts to be in conflict with one *** we examine a Three-Step-Strategy of past 20 years to produce more with less in China,showing that tremendous progress has been made to reduce N fertilizer input without sacrificing crop *** first step is to use technology for in-season root-zone nutrient management to significantly increase *** second is to use technology for integrated nutrient management to increase both yield and NUE by 15%–20%.The third step is to use technology for integrated soil-crop system management to increase yield and NUE by 30%–50%*** advances can thus be considered an effective agricultural paradigm to ensure food security,while increasing NUE and improving environmental quality.

关键词： integrated nutrient management integrated soil-crop system management environmental protection food security resource use efficiency

Moving beyond the opposition of diverse knowledge systems for food security and nutrition

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第1期19卷 291-293页

作者： Nathanaël PINGAULT Patrick CARON Alicia KOLMANS Stefanie LEMKE Carol KALAFATIC Sabine ZIKELI Ann WATERS-BAYER Carolin CALLENIUS QIN Yong-jun High Level Panel of Experts Committee on World Food SecurityFood and Agriculture Orgnization of the United NationsRome 00153Italy Universitéde Montpellier Montpellier 34090France Research Center Global food security and Ecosystems University of HohenheimStuttgart 70599Germany Centre for Agroecology Water and ResilienceCoventry UniversityCV83LG CoventryUK Center for Organic Farming University of HohenheimStuttgart 70593Germany Agrecol Association Guggenhausen 88379Germany Shanxi Academy of Agricutural Sciences Taiyuan 030031P.R.China

food security and Nutrition(FSN) is influenced by diverse and complex factors, and therefore requires a holistic approach to agriculture and food systems plus integration of knowledge from diverse sources in science and society. Using the results of a colloquium held at the University of Hohenheim(Germany) in September 2016 leading up to the recent High Level Panel of Experts(HLPE) Note on Critical and Emerging Issues for food security and Nutrition, this article underlines the role of research and innovation as a social and political process and draws attention to neglected types of knowledge. It illustrates the potential of knowledge co-production and co-innovation to transform food systems in order to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals.

关键词： food security nutrition innovation Sustainable Development Goals

Strategic Agricultural Commodity Value Chains in Africa for Increased food: The Regional Approach for food security

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第9期7卷 549-585页

作者： Mahamadou Nassirou Ba food security Agriculture and Land Section in the Regional Integration and Trade Division United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Addis Ababa Ethiopia

The challenge Africa faces the most is how to feed the 2.4 billion people in 2050. This will require a transformational agriculture. Africa doesn’t need subsistence agriculture, but rather agriculture linked to the market where market demand and the consuming habits are taken in consideration. Agriculture evolves in an environment where small holders are linked to markets (national and regional), where economies of complementarity and economies of scale are taken advantage of by producers and private sector. In short, Africa will need a paradigm shift to industrialise and commercialise its agriculture sector in order to increase food production, and income and to create jobs in and outside the sector. Africa needs agribusiness and agro-industries to domesticate the benefits of the sector, to create wealth in the sector and retain that wealth in the continent. Agricultural commodities regional value chains for increased food should be the target for Africa. The continent remains the region with the highest prevalence of under-nourishment. Since agriculture remains the mainstay of most African economies except the mineral producers, the sector deserves a close attention from leaders. It accounts for 65% of employment and 40% of Africa’s export earnings and accounts for 17% of the GDP. This shows how important the sector is. Agriculture needs to be seen as a conduit for farmers to get connected to markets, a conduit for revenue, for jobs and for transformation. Africa needs to come back on the international scene as food sufficient continent and even food exporter. This can be achieved only with a stable, productive agricultural resource base. Thus, achieving and sustaining food security and economic prosperity in Africa will require significant efforts to modernize the continent’s agriculture sector through injection of agribusiness and agro-industries and through the application of science and technology in agriculture. In essence, agriculture needs to be viewed as k

关键词： food security Agricultural Commodities Value Chain Regional Value Chains Agricultural Transformation Agribusiness Agro-Industries

Analysis of Agricultural Commodities Value Chains and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Rice and Maize in West Africa: Impact on food security

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Agricultural Sciences 2016年第7期7卷 457-468页

作者： Mahamadou Nassirou Ba food security Agriculture and Land Section in the Regional Integration and Trade Division United Nations Economic Commission for Africa Addis Ababa Ethiopia

This paper analyses the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission along the value chains of two strategic commodities in West Africa (rice and maize) in four pilot countries: Ghana, Senegal Benin and Cote D’Ivoire. The Value Chains Analysis and Greenhouse model used in this study, provides insight into the relationship between output maximization and GHG emissions to help define optimal intervention approaches that minimize emissions while maximizing the potential yield, hence boost food security. It highlights intervention measures for improvement of production and productivity along with the identification of mitigation measures to reduce GHG emissions. It also revealed that the largest GHG emission factor from maize farming in the selected countries is from the application of nitrogen fertilizers (NO2), and for rice farming, depending on the systems, e.g. rain fed, irrigated or multiple aeration, the emission is mostly due to anaerobic decomposition of methane (CH4) which increases with flooding practice.

关键词： Value Chains Greenhouse Gas Emission Output Maximization food security

food security in the Context of Global Climate Change

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现代国际关系：英文版 2011年第3期21卷 23-33页

作者： Xu Feibiao Researcher in the Institute of Arms Control and security Studies,CICIR Jiang Li Professor in Century College,Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications Institute of Arms Control and security Studies CICIR Century College Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications

The issue of food security is a complex one,and,with the advancement of globalization,it is becoming ever more *** as climate change rises to the top of the international agenda,the securitization of food issues is growing more *** has turned the spotlight on the issue of food security and introduces new challenges to every ***,China has been an agricultural country,and thus has always been concerned about food security,enacting various measures and policies over the years to protect its food ***,there are inherent uncertainties and many challenges in this *** deal with the problem of food security caused by global climate change,China and other nations should rethink how they deal with food security,and establish a comprehensive food security strategy which engages with other strategies in economic development,agriculture and rural development,energy,water security and social development.

关键词：粮食安全问题全球气候变化粮食安全战略粮食问题食品安全食品供应不确定性经济发展

The breakfast imperative： The changing context of global food security

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Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2016年第6期15卷 1179-1185页

作者： YE Li-ming Jean-Paul Malingreau TANG Hua-jun Eric Van Ranst Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning Chinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100081P.R.China CAAS-UGent Joint Laboratory of Global Change and food security Beijing 100081P.R.China Department of Geology and Soil Science(WE13) Ghent University9000 GentBelgium Earth and Life Institute Universite Catholique de Louvain1348 Louvain-la-NeuveBelgium

The debate on global food security has regained vigor since the food crisis of 2008, when a sudden spike in the prices of staple food commodities dramatically demonstrated that securing the supply and accessibility of food for a world of nine billion people in 2050 cannot be taken for grant- ed （Godfray etal. 2010; Swinnen and Squicciarini 2012;

关键词： The breakfast imperative The changing context of global food security

Does Reactive Adaptation Exist? Using the Ecosystem Service Governance Approach to Evaluate Post-Drought Rural food security in Kenya

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Natural Resources 2014年第8期5卷 392-407页

作者： Grace W. Ngaruiya University of Hamburg Department of Geosciences Climate Change and Security Research Group Hamburg Germany

Controversial climate change studies purport that predicted food insecurity and resource scarcity will intensify resource conflicts in developing nations. This belief is based on a prevalent assumption that African agricultural production systems are rigid and that their respective governments lack comprehensive adaptation ability. Therefore, I investigate whether and how effective post- drought adaptation activity is sustaining food production and livelihoods at Loitoktok district in Kenya. This study uses the theoretical three-step ecosystem service governance approach that analyzes both natural resources attributes and relational data. Results confirm a substantial decline in productivity and huge monetary losses in the agricultural sector of Loitoktok following the 2009 drought. Post-drought analysis reveals high diversification in crops and livestock that are drought-tolerant, fast maturing and high income generating such as camels, rabbits and dairy goats, horticultural and fruit production that sustain food security, income and local livelihoods. These reactive adaptation activities originate from an active public-private cooperation that promotes knowledge exchange among Loitoktok stakeholders. This cooperation is also seen in the efficient resource conflict resolution network. In conclusion, rural communities seem to be efficiently adapting to changing environmental conditions but require more financial and technical support from the government. Unfortunately, appraisal of national planned adaptation reveals effort-duplication that may divert much needed adaptation funds from being invested in research projects with multiple benefits to Kenyan food producers.

关键词： Climate Adaptation Drought Impacts food security Knowledge Brokers Social Networks Kenya