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Influence of changes in extreme daily rainfall distribution on the stability of residual soil slopes

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Big Earth Data 2023年第1期7卷 101-125页

作者： Thapthai Chaithong Department of Geography Faculty of Social SciencesKasetsart UniversityBangkokThailand

Many landslides triggered by intense rainfall have occurred in moun-tainous areas in Thailand,causing major economic losses and infra-structure *** daily rainfall is a significant trigger for hillslope *** in extreme daily rainfall intensity due to climate change may be one of the key factors responsible for the increased ***,in this context,changes in the intensity of extreme daily rainfall in Chiang Mai Province in North Thailand and their effects on hillslope stability are *** rainfall is modeled using a generalized extreme value distribution and esti-mated for various return periods.A numerical analysis of seepage and an infinite slope stability model are combined to understand the hillslope response under extreme rainfall *** analysis period is divided into two periods of 34 years:1952 to 1985 and 1986 to *** to the analysis results,the distribution of extreme daily rainfall changes in terms of *** average annual daily maximum rainfall increased by approximately 11.13%.The maximum decrease in the safety factor is approximately 4.5%;therefore,these changes in extreme daily rainfall should be consid-ered in future landslide prevention policies.

关键词： Extreme rainfall generalized extreme value distribution slope stability landslide pore water pressure climate change residual soil

An indicator model for assessing community resilience to the COVID-19 pandemic and its validation: A case study in Hong Kong

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Journal of Safety Science and Resilience 2024年第2期5卷 222-234页

作者： Nan Liao Muhammad Nawaz Departnent of Geography Faculty Art and Social SciencesSingapore 65166666Singapore

The COVID-19 outbreak had a significant negative impact on the world,and the fifth wave of COVID-19 in Hong Kong brought a considerable shock to Chinese *** is a growing call for more resilient ***,empirical evidence and validation of modeling studies of resilience indicators for urban community responses to the COVID-19 pandemic still need to be *** this study,a resilience assessment indicator model comprising 4 subsystems,7 indicators,and 12 variables was developed to assess the resilience of Hong Kong communities in response to COVID-19(i.e.,Resilience Index).Furthermore,this study utilized regression models such as geographically weighted regression(GWR)and multiscale GWR(MGWR)to validate the resilience model proposed in this study at the model and variable *** the regression model,the Resilience Index and the individual variables in the resilience model are explanatory variables,and the outcomes of the COVID-19 pandemic(confirmed cases,confirmation rate,discharged cases,discharge rate)are dependent *** results showed that:(i)the resilience of Hong Kong communities to the COvID-19 pandemic was not strong in general and showed some clustered spatial distribution characteristics;(i)the validation results at the model level showed that the Resilience Index did not explain the consequences of the COvID-19 pandemic to a high degree;(ii)the validation results at the variable level showed that the MGWR model was the best at identifying the relationships between explanatory variables and the dependent variable;and(iv)compared with the model-level assessment results,the variable-level assessment explained the consequences of the COvID-19 pandemic better than the model level assessment *** above analysis and the spatial distribution maps of the resilience variables can provide empirically based and targeted insights for policymakers.

关键词： Resilience Community resilience CoVID-19pandemic Resilience assessment indicator model Resilience model validation MGWR

USE OF CHRONOLITHOTHERAPY FOR BETTER INDIVIDUAL HEALTHCARE AND WELFARE

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Journal of Systems Science and Systems Engineering 2017年第3期26卷 336-358页

作者： Pierre Bricage faculty of sciences Health and Social Sciences University of Pau & Pays de l'AdourUPPA 64000 Pau France

Man＇s innate clocks functioning allows to understand WHEN and WHY therapies are efficient. Vigil chronotypes determination and respect allows to avoid scholars＇ failure. Performances depend on chronotypes and time changes. Both minimal and maxima/durations of night sleep cycles result from interactions between endogenous and exogenous clocks. Our ecoexotope is structured by solar, lunar and terrestrial rhythms which are synchronisers for endophysiotope clocks. Man night sleep changes depend on lunar cycles entrainment. Sleep analyses point to circa-annual solar rhythms used as controls to evidence circa-monthly lunar ones. To evidence physiological responses individual longitudinal records are used. To evidence lithotherapeutic effects, stimuli responses are tested according to a double-blind placebo-controlled survey. WHAT mineral to chose？, WHY？, HOW to treat？, WHEN？ Compared with controls, jadeite or nephrite enhances night sleep quality with a 15 fold decrease of awakenings and urinations. The highest placebo effect was below 4 fold increase. Depending on minerals and trace elements, properties change. The mineral crystal structure is evidenced to have an action. The contact area with the skin is a limiting factor. Placebo effects are greater during the day phase. Red jasper treatment enhances the number and intensity of diurnal physical working. Minerals act in a dose-dependent manner and in synergy. Hematite sole gives a placebo effect, but increases the effect of serpentinite by a 15 fold value. Within a clocks network, the latency phase of the whole is shorter than the shortest latency phase of each clock, enhancing the system reactivity.

关键词： Chronobiology dose-dependent effect double-blind placebo-controlled trials ecoexotope,endophysiotope latency lithotherapy unexpected emergence

Associations between the physical environment and park-based physical activity:A systematic review

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第5期8卷 412-421页

作者： Ru Zhang Hagen Wulff Yanping Duan Petra Wagner Department of Sport and Physical Education Faculty of Social SciencesHong Kong Baptist UniversityHong Kong 999077China Institute of Exercise and public Health Faculty of Sport SciencesUniversity of LeipzigLeipzig 04109Germany

Background:With an increase in the evidence for the associations between park-based physical activity(PA)and physical environments(especially park and neighborhood environments),researchers face an important challenge in interpreting and summarizing the evidence to develop environ?mental change *** updated review is needed to better inform policymaking and environmental *** current study aimed to systematically review the research on the associations of park-based PA with park and neighborhood environmental ***:We targeted English peer-reviewed articles from 5 electronic databases using keywords related to park-based PA,park environments,and neighborhood *** the 4071 identified papers,25 studies published between 2008 and 2016 met all the eligibility criteria and were included in this ***:The characteristics of physical environment that received consistent support included paths/trails,lighting,and incivilities(e.g.,broken glasses and litter).Mixed findings were revealed for 6 park environmental factors(unspecified active facilities,playgrounds and skating areas,fit?ness stations,picnic areas,greenness,and park size)and 2 neighborhood environmental factors(park density and park proximity).Conclusion:It can be concluded that paths/trails,lighting,and incivilities are 3 key physical environmental attributes of park-based *** the inconsistent findings on park and neighborhood environmental factors,more robust designs such as prospective investigation are required.

关键词： Neighborhood Park-based physical activity Park environment Physical environment Systematic review

Do Pay-for-Grades Programs Encourage Student Academic Cheating?Evidence from a Randomized Experiment

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Frontiers of Education in China 2019年第1期14卷 117-137页

作者： Tao LI Yisu ZHOU Department of Government and public Administration Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of MacaoMacaoChina faculty of Education University of MacaoMacaoChina

Pay-for-grades programs aim to incentivize families and students to engage in specified behaviors given financial *** addition to doubts over its effectiveness,educators worry that monetary incentives could skew student learning motivation and lead to academic *** a randomized control trial in 11 Chinese primary schools,we studied the effects of pay-for-grades programs on academic *** randomly assigned 82 classrooms into treatment or control conditions,and used a statistical algorithm to determine the occurrence of *** our data indicates a concerning level of cheating overall,our experiment did not find any relationship between academic cheating and the pay-for-grades ***,we discuss the feasibility of such policies in improving learning outcomes and its policy implications.

关键词： pay-for-grades cheating randomized control trial China primary school

A Systematic Study of Disaster Risk in Brunei Darussalam and Options for Vulnerability-Based Disaster Risk Reduction

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International Journal of Disaster Risk Science 2017年第2期8卷 208-223页

作者： Anthony Banyouko Ndah John Onu Odihi Environmental Studies Program Department of Geography and DevelopmentFaculty of Arts and Social ScienceUniversiti Brunei Darussalam faculty of social sciences Department of GeographyUniversity of Maiduguri

This systematic study of disaster risk and disaster management efforts in Brunei Darussalam uncovers the reasons why floods and landslides in particular continue to inflict significant social,economic,and psychological *** to the impacts of hydro-meteorological hazards continue to rise despite international awareness and improved disaster governance and information,and regardless of the vast financial and material resources spent on structural and nonstructural measures for disaster relief and community *** premise is that,a poor diagnosis of the disaster risk issue is at the root of the disaster risk dilemma in Brunei *** conducted our vulnerability-centered disaster risk assessment based largely on the Pressure and Release(PAR) Model proposed by Wisner et *** research results reveal that:(1)Hazard-risk in Brunei is high due to the impact of global climate change,the country's local geography,and Brunei's relative location in the Asia–Pacific *** reporting of localized disasters to international databases however fuels the misperception of low disaster risk in Brunei;(2) High community vulnerability and disaster risk is due to limited knowledge,awareness,and motivation among the general population,which prevents effective mitigation and adaptation to low magnitude but recurrent hazardous events;and(3) Partial incorporation of disasterrisk reduction into governance structures and development plans contributes to heightened disaster *** frameworks are proposed that can minimize social vulnerability,reduce disaster risk,and enhance community resilience and adaptive capacity as part of a strengthened governance *** with improvements in preparedness,response,recovery,and reconstruction promoted by the National Disaster Management Centre(NDMC),vulnerability and disaster risk can be minimized,and a more inclusive and sustainable growth can be generated.

关键词： Brunei Darussalam Community vulnerability Disaster risk reduction Pressure and Release Model(PAR)

A systematic review of soil erosion control practices on the agricultural land in Asia

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第2期8卷 103-115页

作者： Nur Syabeera Begum Nasir Ahmad Firuza Begham Mustafa Safiah@Yusmah Muhammad Yusoff Gideon Didams Department of Geography Faculty of Arts and Social Sciences University of Malaya Kuala Lumpur Malaysia

Soil is the basis of production in agriculture activities. The combination of intensive farming activities, improper farming practices, rainfall regimes, and topography conditions that taken place in agricultural land lead to the soil erosion problem. Soil erosion is the major constraint to agriculture that affects the yield production and degraded environmental sustainability. Furthermore, soil erosion that occurs in the agricultural area has jeopardized the sustainability of agriculture activities. Asia is one of the major agricultural producers in the world. It is essential to know how to mitigate soil erosion in Asian agri-cultural land. This systematic review aims to analyze the existing literature on research that has been done on control practices that had been taken in Asia agricultural land towards soil erosion. This article is guided by the PRISMA Statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analysis) review method. The authors systematically reviewed the literature to study the control practices that been taken and tested to control soil erosion on the agricultural land in Asia. Accordingly, this systematic review identified 39 related studies about the topic based on the Web of Science and Scopus databases. This article divided the control practices into three main themes, which are agronomic practices, agro-stological practices, and mechanical practices. The three main themes then produced a total of 11 sub-themes. Further specific and sustained research is needed to tackle this severe environmental problem through a better method, such as this systematic review method. The systematic review helps farmers and policymakers to implement the most practical approach to control and reduce soil erosion.

关键词： Systematic literature review Soil erosion Control practices Agricultural land Asia

Education and the Fourth Industrial Revolution:Lessons from COVID-19

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2022年第1期70卷 951-962页

作者： Hussien Mohamad Alakrash Norizan Abdul Razak faculty of social sciences and Humanities School of Language Studies and LinguisticsUniversiti KebangsaanMalaysia

The COVID-19 pandemic has prompted educators to rethink educational practices,especially with regard to *** COVID-19 pandemic is a huge challenge to education systems around the *** Viewpoint offers guidance to teachers,institutional heads,and officials on addressing the *** study investigated technology use in teaching during the COVID-19 lockdown inMalaysia,focusing on technology-based teaching methods,modifications necessitated by this new teaching style,and challenges teachers faced when using *** purposive sampling,a qualitative study was undertaken with a sample of 10 English language teachers from Arabic schools in *** results indicated that a digital leap occurred in education during the COVID-19 lockdown because teachers had to quickly adapt to a more technology-based teaching *** challenges teachers faced included managing virtual classes,ensuring reliable Internet connections,overcoming a lack of preparedness and low digital competence,and dealing with students’mental *** changes in teaching methods have created new roles for teachers while also increasing their acceptance of e-learning and remote *** contribution of this research is to provide a holistic picture of remote education activities during the pandemic period to establish a linkage between the online teaching-learning process during the COVID-19 outbreak as to ensure the resumption of teaching-learning education as a normal course of procedure in the education *** the human suffering brought by the pandemic,the new norms of education during COVID-19 generally have some pockets of excellence to drive the education into the Fourth Industrial Revolution.

关键词： COVID-19 digital technology English education fourth industrial revolution Education 4.0

Unhealthy aging? Featuring older people in television food commercials in China

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International Journal of Nursing sciences 2020年第S1期7卷 67-73页

作者： Wen Jiao Angela Wen-Yu Chang Department of Communication Faculty of Social SciencesUniversity of MacaoChina

Objectives:Advertising messages can affect the public as a risk or protective factor for socially disadvantaged groups,and they may reflect how characters reflect perceptions are perceived in a *** study aimed to investigate how older people are portrayed in televised food commercials from the approach of a healthy aging perspective in contemporary Chinese ***:All televised advertising in the Ad Topic archive were screened against inclusion and exclusion criteria,and a total of 164 commercials from the years of 2016-2019 that portrayed Chinese older people were *** association between the main older characters with the product categories,healthy *** foods,use of health claims,sex,type of spokesperson,companions,and tones and manners were included in the ***:Older people more frequently appeared in unhealthy food products than in healthy food *** claims involving older adults were portrayed adequately,whereas nursing professions as companions of older adults were *** advertising that delivered happy,caring,or warm tones was overwhelmingly ***,the advertising messages circulated in China represent a binary stereotype model of images of older adults'characteristics that reflect ageist and the so-called agelessism,referring to the new application of the look from the approach of social psychology and marketing ***:This study examined aging discrimination reflected in *** exploring the impact of a crisis remain *** is needed to improve the accuracy of advertised healthy older adults and normal aging.

关键词： Advertising Aged Ageism China Food Healthy aging Marketing Stereotypes