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Investigation of hearing aid users'speech understanding in noise and their spectral-temporal resolution skills

Journal of Otology 2023年第3期18卷 146-151页

作者： Mert Kılıç Eyyup Kara Istanbul University-Cerrahpas¸a Institute of Graduate StudiesDepartment of AudiologyIstanbulTurkey Istanbul University-Cerrahpas¸a Faculty of Health SciencesDepartment of AudiologyIstanbulTurkey

Purpose:Our study aims to compare speech understanding in noise and spectral-temporal resolution skills with regard to the degree of hearing loss,age,hearing aid use experience and gender of hearing aid users.Methods:Our study included sixty-eight hearing aid users aged between 40-70 years,with bilateral mild and moderate symmetrical sensorineural hearing loss.Random gap detection test,Turkish matrix test and spectral-temporally modulated ripple test were implemented on the participants with bilateral hearing aids.The test results acquired were compared statistically according to different variables and the correlations were examined.Results:No statistically significant differences were observed for speech-in-noise recognition,spectraltemporal resolution among older and younger adults in hearing aid users(p>0.05).There wasn’t found a statistically significant difference among test outcomes as regards different hearing loss degrees(p>0.05).Higher performances were obtained in terms of temporal resolution in male participants and participants with more hearing aid use experience(p<0.05).Significant correlations were obtained between the results of speech-in-noise recognition,temporal resolution and spectral resolution tests performed with hearing aids(p<0.05).Conclusion:Our study findings emphasized the importance of regular hearing aid use and it showed that some auditory skills can be improved with hearing aids.Observation of correlations among the speechin-noise recognition,temporal resolution and spectral resolution tests have revealed that these skills should be evaluated as a whole to maximize the patient’s communication abilities.

关键词： Hearing aids Speech in noise Spectral resolution Speech intelligibility Temporal resolution

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Ginseng ameliorates pulmonary toxicity induced by silicon dioxide nanoparticles in rats

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2021年第6期11卷 254-262页

作者： Raghda A.El-Sayed Fatma M.El-Demerdash Mohammed A.El-Magd Department of Environmental studies Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityEgypt Department of Anatomy Faculty of Veterinary MedicineKafrelsheikh UniversityEgypt

Objective:To investigate the protective and therapeutic role of ginseng against silicon dioxide nanoparticles(SiO2NPs)-induced toxicity in the lungs.Methods:Sixty male rats were divided into five groups(n=12/group);group 1 was used as a control,group 2 received ginseng,group 3 was treated with SiO2NPs,and group 4 was pretreated with ginseng one week before SiO2NPs,while group 5 was given SiO2NPs one week before supplementation with ginseng.Animals were treated with both ginseng and SiO2NPs orally for five weeks.Real-time PCR was used to measure gene expression.Besides,DNA damage and cell cycle changes were determined by comet assay and flow cytometry,respectively.Histological study was also done to assess the effect of ginseng on SiO2NPs-induced toxicity.Results:SiO2NPs increased lipid peroxidation and decreased the activities of antioxidant enzymes.SiO2NPs induced apoptosis in lung tissues as revealed by upregulation of Bax and caspase 3 and downregulation of Bcl-2 as well as the induction of DNA damage.SiO2NPs also caused inflammation as indicated by upregulation of the inflammation-related genes[interleukin 1 beta(IL-1β),tumor necrosis factor-alpha(TNF-α),nuclear factor kappa B(NF-κB),cyclooxygenase 2(COX2),and transforming growth factor-beta 1(TGFβ1)]as well as cell cycle arrest in the G0/G1 phase of lung cells.Moreover,histopathological examination proved the biochemical and molecular perturbations that occurred due to SiO2NPs toxicity.However,ginseng alleviated SiO2NPs-induced toxicity in rat lung.Conclusions:Ginseng has a potent preventive and therapeutic effect and could be used in the treatment of SiO2NPs-induced pulmonary toxicity.

关键词： Silicon dioxide nanoparticles Ginseng Oxidative stress Inflammation Pulmonary toxicity

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Carbon nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical resonatoras mass biosensor

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Chinese Physics B 2020年第7期29卷 583-587页

作者： Ahmed MElseddawy Adel HPhillips Ahmed S Bayoumi Faculty of Graduate Studies University of WindsorWindsorOntarioCanada faculty of Engineering Ain-Shams UniversityCairoEgypt faculty of Engineering Kafr-Elsheikh UnversityKafr-ElsheikhEgypt

The use of single walled carbon nanotube-based nanoelectromechanical system(NEMS)resonator to sense the biomolecules'mass is investigated under the influence of an external ac-field.A single walled carbon nanotube(SWCNT)cantilever has been proposed and studied if the mass is attached at the tip or various intermediate positions.The shift of the resonant frequency and the quality factor have been investigated and show high sensitivity to the attached mass of biomolecule and its position.The proposed SWCNT-based NEMS resonator is a good candidate for sensing and tracing biomolecules'mass as concentration of acetone in human exhale,resulting in a painless,correct,and simple diabetics'diagnosis.

关键词： single walled carbon nanotube nanoelectromechanical system resonator ac-field biomolecule

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Grazing and heat stress protection of native grass by a sand-fixing shrub in the arid lands of northern China

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Journal of Arid Land 2022年第8期14卷 867-876页

作者： Keiichi KIMURA Akito KONO Susumu YAMADA Tomoyo F KOYANAGI Toshiya OKURO Department of Ecosystem studies Graduate School of Agricultural and Life SciencesThe University of TokyoTokyo 113-8657Japan graduate School of Environmental studies Nagoya UniversityAichi 464-8601Japan faculty of Agriculture Tokyo University of AgricultureKanagawa 243-0034Japan Field studies Institute for Environmental Education Tokyo Gakugei UniversityTokyo 184-0015Japan

Shrub species are used in restoration projects on dryland for their facilitation effects,which include environmental improvements and protection from herbivore feeding.Facilitation effects on forage grasses are potentially important in improving grazing capacity on rangelands.However,the morphology-dependent performance of benefactor plants in facilitating forage species growth and supplementation under moderate grazing intensity remains unclear.Here,our main purpose was to measure facilitation performance in terms of the survival of a native forage grass,Agropyron cristatum(L.)Gaertn.(Gramineae).,in accordance with the growth conditions of a sand-fixing benefactor shrub,Caragana microphylla Lam.,in the Hulun Buir Grassland,northern China.Six study sites with patches of A.cristatum and C.microphylla were established at the foot of fixed sand dunes.At each site,five quadrats were set in places where C.microphylla coverage was 100%and A.cristatum grew among the shrubs(shrub quadrats),and another five were set where A.cristatum grew alone without C.microphylla(grass quadrats).We measured the morphological traits of C.microphylla and A.cristatum in all 60 quadrats,along with the soil water content and soil temperature.The data were compared between the shrub and grass quadrats by generalized linear mixed-effect models to assess the shrub's facilitation effects.We also used such models to elucidate the relationship between the average height of C.microphylla and the morphological traits of A.cristatum in the shrub quadrats.The maximum height,average grazed height,and the number of seed heads of A.cristatum were greater in the shrub quadrats than in the grass quadrats.The soil surface temperature was lower in the shrub quadrats.The maximum height and seed head number of A.cristatum were positively associated with the average height of C.microphylla.These results suggest that the grazing impact and heat stress were smaller in shrub quadrats than in grass quadrats,and that the degree of this protective effect depended on

关键词： Caragana microphylla dryland ecosystem restoration facilitation grazing impact heat stress

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Construction of Customized Bio Incubator and Designing of Tailored Scaffolds for Bone Tissue Engineering from Laboratory Scale Up to Clinical Scale

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第11期10卷 2699-2716页

作者： Soliman Abdalla Shiref Kandil Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Materials Science Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt

In order to obtain larger,clinical-scale and practical-scale bone grafts,we have designed both tailored scaffolds and tailored bio incubator with optimal bio-production characteristics.Using DIC files to Simpleware Scan-IP(Simple-ware-exeter United Kingdom),we have digitally reconstructed segmental additive bone-tissue in order to perform images processing.Both hydroxyapatite and tannin composites have been used in order to get the final bone modules combined for retexturing of segmental bone defect.We have found that sectioning of bone segment deficiency reorganizations into well disk-shaped design permits one to standardize the cell culture and seeding protocol,to get better products.The present study concludes that some techniques with cultured cell in segmental bone grafts in the laboratory can be transferred and clinically used.

关键词： Repairing segmental bone customized scaffolds stem cells designing bio incubator bone engineering

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Energy Balance and Physical Activity

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Biomedical and Environmental Sciences 2001年第1期14卷 130-136页

作者： KALLAYA KIJBOONCHOO Institute of Nutrition and Faculty of Graduate Studies

The prevalence of obesity is increasing in most parts of the world and becoming one of the major global public health problems. Although the components of energy balance have not been adequately estimated over time, available evidence suggests that the increase in obesity is the result of reduced physical activity.\;Increases in physical activity have been shown to be strongly associated with improving physical fitness and body composition, with probably a positive effect on resting metabolic rate. The Surgeon General's Report on Physical Activity and Health advocates that 30 min of regular, moderate_intensity physical activity is associated with decreases in the risk of chronic diseases and may contribute to quality of life. However, the small changes that contribute 10 min for 3 times a day for aerobic training, or one set instead of three sets of repetitions on resistance training will provide individuals with health benefits. Indeed, nutrition and physical activity should be considered an integral part of fitness and good health, and should be encouraged in all age groups, particularly early in life. The question is no longer centered around the health benefit of increasing physical activity, but rather creating self awareness and behavior changes in individuals. Hence, effective intervention programs are needed that foster long term changes in physical activity. Among various interventions, the Nutrifit program was recently conducted in Thailand and found to improve health related fitness in children. The development of more effective interventions and approaches is a major challenge in this field today.

关键词： HEALTH

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Regional neuromuscular regulation within rectus femoris muscle following three-month limb-loaded walking in older adults

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第1期4卷 38-43页

作者： Shideh Narouei Hiroyasu Akatsu Kohei Watanabe Laboratory of Neuromuscular Biomechanics Faculty of Liberal Studies and Sciences and School of International Liberal StudiesChukyo UniversityNagoyaJapan Department of Community-based Medical Education Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical ScienceNagoyaJapan

Limb-loaded walking using ankle weights has been widely applied to increase exercise intensity in older adults.Examining changes in the activation pattern between proximal(RFP)and distal(RFD)regions of the rectus femoris(RF)muscle is key to clarifying gait deficits in older adults.The aim of this study was to determine regional neuromuscular regulation within the RF muscle following three-month limb-loaded walking in older adults.The study participants were 22 healthy older adults(696.3 years)who walked at least 160 min per month.Surface electromyography(EMG)and motion capture were used to measure the neuromuscular activities of RFP and RFD and generate kinematic data on the left lower extremity on walking for 240 s at the preferred gait speed on a treadmill at pre-and post-intervention,respectively.Averaged rectified values(ARV)of RFP and RFD were normalized by maximum values of ARV during a gait cycle within ten consecutive gait cycles.Normalized ARV of RFP was greater than RFD at 30%–40%and 70%–90%of the gait cycle and hip joint flexion at 0%–100%,and the walking speed and swing timing at post-were greater than at pre-intervention(p0.05).The activity of RFP compared with RFD and hip joint flexion were increased following limb-loaded walking intervention in older adults.

关键词： Older adults Limb-loaded walking Surface electromyography Proximal to distal region activity ratio Hip joint angle Swing phase

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Glycated Hemoglobin HbA1c:Permittivity Experimental Applications with Some Mathematical Concepts,Temperature and Frequency Variations

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2022年第9期10卷 2335-2354页

作者： Soliman Abdalla Sherif Kandil Waleed El-Shirbeeny Fatma Bahabri Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceKing Abdulaziz UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia Department of Materials Science Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandriaEgypt Department of Physics Faculty of ScienceJeddah UniversityJeddahSaudi Arabia

Diabetes disorder turns smoothly to be a global epidemic disorder and the glycated hemoglobin(HbA1c)starts to be an efficient marker of it.The dielectric spectroscopy on different human normal-and diabetic-blood samples is used to characterize and to estimate the HbA1c concentration.“dc-”and ac-measurement of the complex conductivity in the temperature range from 280 K up to 320 K,and in the frequency range from one Hz up to 32 MHz have been performed.The thermal activation energy,ΔEσ,of dc-electric conductivity lies in the range 95 meV<ΔEσ<115 meV;while the thermal activation energy,ΔEτ,of RBCs relaxation time is aboutΔEτ=140 meV.The experimental data have been modeled by a physical-model and good fittings have been found between calculated and experimental values.The effective number of charges,nG,T,is estimated after Cole and Cole curves.One has found that nG,T increases with both temperature,T,and with the glycation rate GG.This increase may shed some light on an effective and possible way to treat(and to detect)diabetes disorders via eliminating the excess electric charges produced by glycation processes.The present work sheds the light on the possible combination of focused ultrasound with magnetic resonance imaging to study the dielectric-thermal variations of glycated-RBCs,which can lead to very precise and non-invasive monitoring of glycation concentration in vivo and in vitro via magnetic resonance-thermometry.

关键词： Glycated-hemoglobin rate thermal characterization red blood cells RBCs relaxation of RBCs dielectric constant mathematical model

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REKF and RUKF for pico satellite attitude estimation in the presence of measurement faults

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Journal of Systems Engineering and Electronics 2014年第2期25卷 288-297页

作者： Halil Ersin Sken Chingiz Hajiyev Department of Space and Astronautical Science The Graduate University for Advanced Studies (Sokendai) Aeronautics and Astronautics faculty Istanbul Technical University

When a pico satellite is under normal operational condi- tions, whether it is extended or unscented, a conventional Kalman filter gives sufficiently good estimation results. However, if the measurements are not reliable because of any kind of malfunc- tions in the estimation system, the Kalman filter gives inaccurate results and diverges by time. This study compares two different robust Kalman filtering algorithms, robust extended Kalman filter （REKF） and robust unscented Kalman filter （RUKF）, for the case of measurement malfunctions. In both filters, by the use of de- fined variables named as the measurement noise scale factor, the faulty measurements are taken into the consideration with a small weight, and the estimations are corrected without affecting the characteristic of the accurate ones. The proposed robust Kalman filters are applied for the attitude estimation process of a pico satel- lite, and the results are compared.

关键词： pico satellite attitude estimation robust Kalman filter-ing extended Kalman filter （EKF） unscented Kalman filter （UKF）.

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An Adaptive Hate Speech Detection Approach Using Neutrosophic Neural Networks for Social Media Forensics

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第4期79卷 243-262页

作者： Yasmine M.Ibrahim Reem Essameldin Saad M.Darwish Department of Information Technology Institute of Graduate Studies and ResearchAlexandria UniversityAlexandria21526Egypt faculty of Computers and Information Technology Egyptian E-Learning University(EELU)Giza12611Egypt faculty of Computers and Data Science Alexandria UniversityAlexandria21554Egypt

Detecting hate speech automatically in social media forensics has emerged as a highly challenging task due tothe complex nature of language used in such platforms. Currently, several methods exist for classifying hatespeech, but they still suffer from ambiguity when differentiating between hateful and offensive content and theyalso lack accuracy. The work suggested in this paper uses a combination of the Whale Optimization Algorithm(WOA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) to adjust the weights of two Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLPs)for neutrosophic sets classification. During the training process of the MLP, the WOA is employed to exploreand determine the optimal set of weights. The PSO algorithm adjusts the weights to optimize the performanceof the MLP as fine-tuning. Additionally, in this approach, two separate MLP models are employed. One MLPis dedicated to predicting degrees of truth membership, while the other MLP focuses on predicting degrees offalse membership. The difference between these memberships quantifies uncertainty, indicating the degree ofindeterminacy in predictions. The experimental results indicate the superior performance of our model comparedto previous work when evaluated on the Davidson dataset.

关键词： Hate speech detection whale optimization neutrosophic sets social media forensics

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