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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2335-2336页

作者： Ibrahim Olabayode Saliu Guoyan Zhao department of genetics Washington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA department of Neurology Department of Pathology and ImmunologyWashington University School of MedicineSt.LouisMOUSA

Astrocytes are a major glial cell type in the central nervous system,and they provide trophic and metabolic support to *** addition to these roles,they play crucial roles in modulating synaptic functions,development,and pruning(Brandebura et al.,2023).Astrocytes become reactive(activated)by undergoing morphological,molecular,and functional alterations in response to neuropathology such as in injuries and neurodegenerative diseases(NDs)(Escartin et al.,2021).

关键词： degenerative injuries

Repercussion of salinity on hematological parameters and tissue morphology of gill and kidney at early life of tilapia

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Aquaculture and Fisheries 2024年第2期9卷 256-264页

作者： Azhar Ali Md Golam Azom Bhakta Supratim Sarker Hasu Rani Md Samsul Alam m.sadiqul islam*department of fisheries biology and genetics bangladesh agricultural universitymymensingh2202bangladesh

This study was attempted to reveal the changes in three hematological parameters such as blood hemoglobin,number of white blood cells(WBCs)and number of red blood cells(RBCs)and one biochemical(e.g.,glucose)parameter along with the changes in histomorphological structures of gills and kidney of Nile tilapia fry reared in saline *** experimental set up were used for two different age groups-5 days-after-hatch(5DAH)and 15 days-after-hatch(15DAH)-to test a novel hypothesis:if a little difference in the age during the first exposure to saline water could produce any variation in the *** were placed into 6 plastic drums having six different salinity levels:0,5,10,15,20 and *** 60 days,at least 5 individuals were taken out from each drum to observe the above-hematological and histomorphological parameters.A two-way-ANOVA revealed that,except for hemoglobin,all the observed parameters have been affected the effect of age×salinity interaction(Pdroplets degeneration,shrinking of the glomeruli,*** observed in kidney *** assisting to understand the effects of salinity stress,all these data on tilapia fry will help to determine the prospects and scope of culturing the species in high-salinity water.

关键词： Nile tilapia Salinity Blood parameters Histomorphology Age groups

Sorl1 knockout inhibits expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor:involvement in the development of late-onset Alzheimer's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第7期19卷 1602-1607页

作者： Mingri Zhao Xun Chen Jiangfeng Liu Yanjin Feng Chen Wang Ting Xu Wanxi Liu Xionghao Liu Mujun Liu Deren Hou department of Neurology The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina Center for Medical genetics&Hunan Key Laboratory of Medical genetics School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina department of Cell Biology School of Life SciencesCentral South UniversityChangshaHunan ProvinceChina

Sortilin-related receptor 1(SORL1)is a critical gene associated with late-onset Alzheimer’s ***1 contributes to the development and progression of this neurodegenerative condition by affecting the transport and metabolism of intracellularβ-amyloid precursor *** better understand the underlying mechanisms of SORL1 in the pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer s disease,in this study,we established a mouse model of SorI1 gene knockout using cluste red regularly inters paced short palindro mic repeats-associated protein 9 *** found that Sorl1-knocko ut mice displayed deficits in learning and ***,the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor was significantly downregulated in the hippocampus and co rtex,and amyloidβ-protein deposits were observed in the brains of 5orl1-knockout *** vitro,hippocampal neuronal cell synapses from homozygous Sorl1-knockout mice were *** expression of synaptic proteins,including drebrin and NR2B,was significantly reduced,and also their ***,by knocking out the Sorl1 gene in N2a cells,we found that expression of the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor,NR2B,and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein was also *** findings suggest that SORL1 participates in the pathogenesis of late-onset Alzheimer s disease by regulating the N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor NR2B/cyclic adenosine monophosphate-response element binding protein signaling axis.

关键词： brain-derived neurotrophic factor late-onset Alzheimer’s disease N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor sortilin-related receptor 1 synapse

Mathematical Modeling of Cell Polarity Establishment of Budding Yeast

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Communications on Applied Mathematics and Computation 2024年第1期6卷 218-235页

作者： Yue Liu Jun Xie Hay-Oak Park Wing-Cheong Lo department of Mathematics City University of Hong KongTat Chee AvenueKowloonHong KongChina department of Molecular genetics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a powerful model system for studying the cell polarity *** cell polarization process is regulated by signaling molecules,which are initially distributed in the cytoplasm and then recruited to a proper location on the cell membrane in response to spatial cues or *** of these signaling molecules involves complex regulation,so the mathematical models become a useful tool to investigate the mechanism behind the *** this review,we discuss how mathematical modeling has shed light on different regulations in the cell *** also propose future applications for the mathematical modeling of cell polarization and morphogenesis.

关键词： Budding yeast Cdc42 Morphogenesis Septin Mathematical models

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 66-68页

作者： Aswathi N Jincy M.Jose Sreelata B.Nair Prabha S.N Pappachan S department of Medical genetics Lifeline Super Specialty HospitalPathanamthittaKerala 691523India Lifeline Super Specialty Hospital PathanamthittaKerala 691523India

Alagille syndrome(ALGS;OMIM#118450)is a highlyvariable,multi-systemic,autosomal dominant disorder,caused by mutations in the Jagged Canonical Notch Ligand 1(JAG1)gene(20p12.2)or in the Neurogenic locus notch homolog protein 2(NOTCH2)gene(1p13).^(1)It primarily affects the liver,heart,eyes,face,kidney,skin,vertebrae,and skeleton.^(1,2)The JAG1 gene has 26 exons and about 90%of the ALGS cases result from pathogenic variants in the JAG1 and around 7%of cases have deletions in chromosome 20 that include this gene.

关键词： JAG1 cases Notch

Poly(A)-specific RNase(PARN)generates and regulates miR-125a-5p 3’-isoforms,displaying an altered expression in breast cancer

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Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy 2024年第5期9卷 1805-1807页

作者： Luisa Tomasello Shoshanah M.Holub Giovanni Nigita Rosario Distefano Carlo M.Croce department of Cancer Biology and genetics The Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA department of Internal Medicine Division of HematologyThe Ohio State UniversityColumbusOHUSA

Dear Editor,MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are small non-coding RNAs crucial for post-transcriptional gene regulation,processed from primary miRNA transcripts by drosha and Dicer.1 Latest advancements in Next Generation Sequencing highlighted the existence of miRNA isoforms(isomiRs)resulting from alternative processing,RNA editing,or post-transcriptional modifications.

关键词： breast cancer advancement

Rice Heat Tolerance Breeding: A Comprehensive Review and Forward Gaze

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Rice science 2024年第4期31卷 375-400,I0022页

作者： Ravindran Lalithambika VISAKH Sreekumar ANAND Sukumaran Nair ARYA Behera SASMITA Uday Chand JHA Rameswar Prasad SAH Radha BEENA department of genetics and Plant Breeding College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India Crop Improvement Division Indian Council of Agricultural Research-National Rice Research InstituteCuttackOdisha 7530006India department of Plant Breeding and genetics Indian Institute of Pulse ResearchKanpur 208024India department of Plant Physiology College of AgricultureVellayaniKerala Agricultural UniversityThiruvananthapuramKerala 695522India

The yield potential of rice is seriously affected by heat stress due to climate change. Since rice is a staple food globally, it is imperative to develop heat-resistant rice varieties. Thus, a thorough understanding of the complex molecular mechanisms underlying heat tolerance and the impact of high temperatures on various critical stages of the crop is needed. Adoption of both conventional and innovative breeding strategies offers a long-term advantage over other methods, such as agronomic practices, to counter heat stress. In this review, we summarize the effects of heat stress, regulatory pathways for heat tolerance, phenotyping strategies, and various breeding methods available for developing heat-tolerant rice. We offer perspectives and knowledge to guide future research endeavors aimed at enhancing the ability of rice to withstand heat stress and ultimately benefit humanity.

关键词： genetic mechanism high-temperature stress molecular breeding genomics selection

B7 homolog 3 in pancreatic cancer

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2024年第31期30卷 3654-3667页

作者： Dijana Perovic Marija Dusanovic Pjevic Vladimir Perovic Milka Grk Milica Rasic Maja Milickovic Tanja Mijovic Petar Rasic Institute of Human genetics Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia Institute of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of MedicineUniversity of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia department of Abdominal Surgery Mother and Child Health Care Institute of Serbia“Dr.Vukan Cupic”Belgrade 11000Serbia Faculty of Medicine University of BelgradeBelgrade 11000Serbia

Despite advances in cancer treatment,pancreatic cancer(PC)remains a disease with high mortality rates and poor survival *** B7 homolog 3(B7-H3)checkpoint molecule is overexpressed among many malignant tumors,including PC,with low or absent expression in healthy *** modulating various immunological and nonimmunological molecular mechanisms,B7-H3 may influence the progression of ***,the impact of B7-H3 on the survival of patients with PC remains a subject of ***,most available scientific data recognize this molecule as a suppressive factor to antitumor immunity in ***,it has been demonstrated that B7-H3 stimulates the migration,invasion,and metastasis of PC cells,and enhances resistance to *** preclinical models of PC,B7-H3-targeting monoclonal antibodies have exerted profound antitumor effects by increasing natural killer cell-mediated antibodydependent cellular cytotoxicity and delivering radioisotopes and cytotoxic drugs to the tumor ***,PC treatment with B7-H3-targeting antibody-drug conjugates and chimeric antigen receptor T cells is being tested in clinical *** review provides a comprehensive analysis of all PC-related studies in the context of B7-H3 and points to deficiencies in the current data that should be overcome by future research.

关键词： B7 homolog 3 Pancreatic cancer Prognosis Signaling pathways Immunotherapy

Apoer2/Lrp8:the undercover cop of synaptic homeostasis

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第12期19卷 2563-2564页

作者： Gordon C.Werthmann Joachim Herz department of Molecular genetics and Center for Translational Neurodegeneration Research University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at DallasDallasTXUSA department of Neuroscience department of Neurology University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas DallasTXUSA

Apolipoprotein E receptor 2(ApoER2)is a receptor for the protein ApoE,the most common genetic risk factor for late-onset Alzheimer's disease(AD).It is also a key modulator of syna ptic homeostasis,in part through its effect on the expression of neuronal genes including those implicated in AD and other neuropsychiatric *** this perspective,we highlight several genes affected by ApoER2 and its alternatively spliced forms and how aberrant expression can be rescued by the reintroduction of the ApoER2 intracellular domain in the mouse hippocampus.

关键词： homeostasis ApoE Alzheimer

Dysregulation of RNA modification systems in clinical populations with neurocognitive disorders

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第6期19卷 1256-1261页

作者： Helen M.Knight Merve DemirbugenÖz Adriana PerezGrovas-Saltijeral Division of Cells Organisms and Molecular GeneticsSchool of Life SciencesUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology Faculty of PharmacyAnkara UniversityAnkaraTurkey

The study of modified RNA known as epitranscriptomics has become increasingly relevant in our understanding of disease-modifying *** of N6 adenosine(m^(6)A)and C5 cytosine(m^(5)C)bases occur on mRNAs,tRNA,mt-tRNA,and rRNA species as well as non-coding *** emerging knowledge of RNA binding proteins that act as writer,reader,and eraser effector proteins,comes a new understanding of physiological processes controlled by these *** processes when spatiotemporally disrupted within cellular nanodomains in highly specialized tissues such as the brain,give rise to different forms of *** this review,we discuss accumulating evidence that changes in the m^(6)A and m^(5)C methylation systems contribute to neurocognitive *** studies first identified mutations within FMR1 to cause intellectual disability Fragile X syndromes several years before FMR1 was identified as an m^(6)A RNA reader ***,familial mutations within the m^(6)A writer gene METTL5,m^(5)C writer genes NSUN2,NSUN3,NSUN5,and NSUN6,as well as THOC2 and THOC6 that form a protein complex with the m^(5)C reader protein ALYREF,were recognized to cause intellectual development ***,differences in expression of the m^(5)C writer and reader effector proteins,NSUN6,NSUN7,and ALYREF in brain tissue are indicated in individuals with Alzheimer's disease,individuals with a high neuropathological load or have suffered traumatic brain ***,an abundance of m^(6)A reader and anti-reader proteins are reported to change across brain regions in Lewy bodies diseases,Alzheimer's disease,and individuals with high cognitive reserve.m^(6)A-modified RNAs are also reported significantly more abundant in dementia with Lewy bodies brain tissue but significantly reduced in Parkinson's disease tissue,whilst modified RNAs are misplaced within diseased cells,particularly where synapses are *** parahippocampal brain tissue,m^(6)A modification is enri

关键词： 5-methylcytosine methylation Alzheimer's disease cognitive diseases epitranscriptomics intellectual disability Lewy body diseases N6 adenosine RNA modification