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Role of chemotherapy in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 221-229页

作者： Rita Nader Joelle El Amm Jeanny B Aragon-Ching Department of Internal Medicine Lebanese American University Beirut 1102 2801 Lebanon Department of Internal Medicine Division of Hematology and Oncology Lebanese American University Beirut 1102 2801 Lebanon genitourinary Medical Oncology Inova Schar Cancer Institute Fairfax VA 22031 USA

Chemotherapy in prostate cancer （PCa） has undergone dramatic landscape changes. While earlier studies utilized varying chemotherapy regimens which were found to be largely palliative in nature and hardly resulted in durable or meaningful responses, docetaxel resulted in the first chemotherapy agent that showed improvement in overall survival in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. However, combination chemotherapy or any agents added to docetaxel have failed to yield incremental benefits. The improvement in overall survival as well as secondary endpoints of prostate-specific antigen （PSA） and time to recurrence when using docetaxel in the metastatic hormone-sensitive state has changed the standard of care for treatment of newly diagnosed de novo metastatic PCa. There are also promising results in locally advanced PCa and high-risk PCa in both the neoadjuvant and adjuvant settings. This review summarizes the historical as well as the more contemporary use of chemotherapeutic agents in PCa in varying states and phases of disease.

关键词： docetaxel metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer prostate cancer

Single-cell analysis revealing the metabolic landscape of prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2024年第5期26卷 451-463页

作者： Jing Wang He-Kang Ding Han-Jiang Xu De-Kai Hu William Hankey Li Chen Jun Xiao Chao-Zhao Liang Bing Zhao Ling-Fan Xu Department of Urologic Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230031China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Institute of Urology Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Department of Genetics University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230001China

Tumor metabolic reprogramming is a hallmark of cancer development,and targeting metabolic vulnerabilities has been proven to be an effective approach for castration-resistant prostate cancer(CRPC)***,treatment failure inevitably occurs,largely due to cellular heterogeneity,which cannot be deciphered by traditional bulk sequencing *** employing computational pipelines for single-cell RNA sequencing,we demonstrated that epithelial cells within the prostate are more metabolically active and plastic than stromal ***,we identified that neuroendocrine(NE)cells tend to have high metabolic rates,which might explain the high demand for nutrients and energy exhibited by neuroendocrine prostate cancer(NEPC),one of the most lethal variants of prostate cancer(PCa).Additionally,we demonstrated through computational and experimental approaches that variation in mitochondrial activity is the greatest contributor to metabolic heterogeneity among both tumor cells and nontumor *** results establish a detailed metabolic landscape of PCa,highlight a potential mechanism of disease progression,and emphasize the importance of future studies on tumor heterogeneity and the tumor microenvironment from a metabolic perspective.

关键词： cancer heterogeneity cancer metabolism glutamine prostate cancer single-cell sequencing

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World Journal of Clinical Oncology 2013年第2期4卷 52-57页

作者： Pasquale Rescigno Rossella Di Trolio Carlo Buonerba Gaia De Fata Piera Federico Davide Bosso Antonella Virtuoso Michela Izzo Tania Policastro Luca Vaccaro Gianfranco Cimmino Francesco Perri Elide Matano Mario Delfino Sabino De Placido Giovannella Palmieri Giuseppe Di Lorenzo genitourinary Cancer Section and Rare-Cancer Center Medical Oncology DivisionUniversity Federico II80131 NapoliItaly Department of Dermatology University Federico II of Naples80131 NapoliItaly

AIM:To evaluate the outcomes and potential prognostic factors in patients with non-acquired immunodeficiency syndrome(AIDS)-related Kaposi’s sarcoma(KS).METHODS:Patients with histologically proven non-AIDS-related KS treated with systemic chemotherapy were included in this retrospective *** some cases,the human herpes virus 8 status was assessed by *** patients were staged according to the Mediterranean KS staging system.A multivariable model was constructed using a forward stepwise selection procedure.A P value<0.05 was considered statistically significant,and all tests were ***:Thirty-two cases were included in this *** average age at diagnosis was 70 years,with a male/female ratio of approximately 2:***-four percent of the cases had classic *** patients received systemic chemotherapy containing one of the following agents:vinca alkaloid,taxane,and pegylated liposomal *** patients(31.5%)experienced a partial response,and a complete response was achieved in four patients(12.4%)and stable disease in sixteen cases(50%).Two patients(6.2%)were refractory to the systemic *** median progression-free survival(PFS)was 11.7 mo,whereas the median overall survival was 28.5 *** multivariate analysis,the presence of nodular lesions(vs macular lesions only)was significantly related to a lower PFS(hazard ratio:3.09;95%CI:1.18-8.13,P=0.0133).CONCLUSION:Non-AIDS-related KS appears mostly limited to the skin and is well-responsive to systemic *** data show that nodular lesions may be associated with a shorter PFS in patients receiving chemotherapy.

关键词： Kaposi’s sarcoma Human herpes virus 8 Paclitaxel Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin Vinblastine

The role of glutamine metabolism in castration-resistant prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2023年第2期25卷 192-197页

作者： Bing Zhao Jing Wang Li Chen Hong Wang Chao-Zhao Liang Jiaoti Huang Ling-Fan Xu Department of Geriatrics The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230002China Department of Urologic Oncology The First Affiliated Hospital of USTCDivision of Life Sciences and MedicineUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230031China Department of Nursing The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Department of Urology The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Institute of Urology Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Anhui Province Key Laboratory of genitourinary Diseases Anhui Medical UniversityHefei 230001China Department of Pathology Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNC 27710USA Duke Cancer Institute Duke University School of MedicineDurhamNC 27710USA

Reprogramming of metabolism is a hallmark of tumors,which has been explored for therapeutic *** cancer(PCa),particularly advanced and therapy-resistant PCa,displays unique metabolic *** metabolic vulnerabilities in PCa may benefit patients who have exhausted currently available treatment options and improve clinical *** the many nutrients,glutamine has been shown to play a central role in the metabolic reprogramming of advanced *** addition to amino acid metabolism,glutamine is also widely involved in the synthesis of other macromolecules and *** glutamine metabolic network by maximally inhibiting glutamine utilization in tumor cells may significantly add to treatment options for many *** review summarizes the metabolic landscape of PCa,with a particular focus on recent studies of how glutamine metabolism alterations affect therapeutic resistance and disease progression of PCa,and suggests novel therapeutic strategies.

关键词： castration resistance glutamine metabolism prostate cancer tumor metabolism

Cytopathic effects and local immune responses in repeated neoadjuvant HSV-tk+ ganciclovir gene therapy for prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Urology 2021年第3期8卷 280-288页

作者： Nobuyuki Yanagisawa Takefumi Satoh Ken-ichi Tabata Hideyasu Tsumura Yasutomo Nasu Masami Watanabe Timothy C.Thompson Isao Okayasu Yoshiki Murakumo Shiro Baba Masatsugu Iwamura Department of Pathology St.Marianna University School of Medicine Yokohama-City Seibu HospitalYokohamaKanagawaJapan Department of Pathology Kitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan Department of Urology Kitasato University School of MedicineSagamiharaKanagawaJapan Takefumi Satoh Prostate Clinic MachidaTokyoJapan Department of Urology Okayama UniversityOkayamaJapan Center for Innovative Clinical Medicine Okayama University HospitalOkayamaJapan Department of genitourinary Medical Oncology-Research Division of Cancer MedicineThe University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA division of Nutrition School of Health CareKiryu UniversityMidori-City GunmaJapan

Objective:Cytopathic effects and local immune response were analyzed histologically in prostatic cancer(PCa)with in situ herpes simplex virus-thymidine kinase(HSV-tk)/ganciclovir(GCV)gene therapy(GT).Methods:Four high-risk PCa patients who received HSV-tk/GCV GT were *** two cycles of intraprostatic injection of HSV-tk and administration of GCV,radical prostatectomy was ***-fixed,paraffin-embedded sections were evaluated using *** with hormone therapy(HT,n=3)or without neoadjuvant therapy(NT,n=4)that were equivalent in terms of risk were also examined as ***-positive cells were counted in at least three areas in cancer *** indices(LI)were calculated as percentage ***:ssDNA LI in GT increased,indicating apoptosis,as well as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and CD68-positive macrophages,compared with their *** cases showed significantly higher numbers of single-stranded DNA(ssDNA)LI,CD4/CD8-positive T cells and CD68-positive macrophages including M1/M2 macrophages than HT or NT ***,there was no significant difference in CD20-positive B cells among the types of *** were strong correlations between CD8+T cells and CD68+macrophages(ρ=0.656,p<0.0001)as well as CD4+T cells and CD20+B cells(ρ=0.644,p<0.0001)in PCa with ***:Enhanced cytopathic effect and local immune response might be indicated in PCa patients with HSV-tk/GCV gene therapy.

关键词： Suicide genetherapy Prostatecarcinoma HSV-tk Ganciclovir Immuno histochemistry

Non-seminomatous germ cell tumor with bone metastasis only at diagnosis:A rare clinical presentation

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Asian Journal of Urology 2017年第2期4卷 124-127页

作者： K.C.Biebighauser Jianjun Gao Priya Rao Gene Landon Lance Pagliaro Colin PNDinney Jose Karam Neema Navai The University of Texas Medical School at Houston HoustonTXUSA Department of genitourinary Medical Oncology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA Department of Pathology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA division of Medical Oncology Department of OncologyMayo ClinicRochesterMNUSA Department of Urology The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer CenterHoustonTXUSA

Bone metastasis of non-seminomatous germ cell tumors(NSGCT)of the testes is a rare event and even more uncommon at initial ***,bone lesions are discovered in the presence of concurrent retroperitoneal lymph node or visceral ***,in this case,a 37 years old male complaining of a growing testicular mass was found to have isolated bone metastasis with associated caudaequina syndrome without apparent abnormal findings on initial computed tomography(CT)*** neurologic symptoms prompted further evaluation with magnetic resonance imaging(MRI),which demonstrated multiple sites of bone metastasis without evidence of retroperitoneal lymph node or visceral organ *** case represents a rare clinical presentation and disease manifestation of NSGCT.

关键词： Testis cancer Metastasis Non-seminomatous Yolk sac tumor

Retroperitoneal disorders associated with Ig G4-related autoimmune pancreatitis

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第44期20卷 16550-16558页

作者： Noboru Hara Makoto Kawaguchi Keisuke Takeda Yoh Zen division of Urology Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University division of Molecular Oncology Department of Signal Transduction Research Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences Niigata University division of Diagnostic Pathology Niigata Rousai Hospital Institute of Liver Studies King’s College Hospital

Ig G4-related autoimmune pancreatitis is frequently accompanied by relevant lesions in the genitourinary tract and retroperitoneal organs, which cause various clinical problems, ranging from non-specific back pain or bladder outlet obstruction to renal failure. The diagnosis of Ig G4-related retroperitoneal fibrosis requires a multidisciplinary approach, including serological tests, histological examination, imaging analysis, and susceptibility to steroid therapy. Radiological examinations are helpful to diagnose this condition, but surgical resection is occasionally unavoidable to exclude malignancy, particularly for patients with isolated retroperitoneal involvement. Steroid therapy is the treatment of choice for this condition, the same as for other manifestationsof Ig G4-related *** patients with severe ureteral obstruction,additional ureteral stenting needs to be considered prior to steroid therapy to preserve the renal *** papers have suggested that Ig G4-related disease can affect male reproductive organs including the prostate and *** G4-related prostatitis usually causes lower urinary tract symptoms,such as dysuria and *** sometimes state that corticosteroids given for Ig G4-related disease at other sites relieve their lower urinary tract symptoms,which leads us to suspect prostatic involvement in this *** of the limited number of publications available,further studies are warranted to better characterize Ig G4-related disease in male reproductive organs.

关键词： IgG4 Autoimmune pancreatitis Retroperitoneum genitourinary tract Management

Benign intratesticular schwannoma:a rare finding

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2006年第1期8卷 101-103页

作者： Maria Chiara Sighinolfi Alessandro Mofferdin Stefano S.De Stefani Antonio Celia Salvatore Micali Giovanni Saredi Giulio Rossi Riccardo Valli Giampaolo Bianchi division of Urology Department of Pathology Section of Anatomic Pathology University of Modena 41100 ModenaItaly

Schwannoma is a peripheral nerve tumour, occasionally located in the genitourinary tract. We described an extremely rare case of intratesticular neurinoma in a 79-year-old patient. （Asian JAndrol 2006 Jan; 8： 101-103）

关键词： schwannoma Schwann cells testicular neoplasm S 100 protein

genitourinary manifestations of Lynch syndrome in the urological practice

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Asian Journal of Urology 2022年第4期9卷 443-450页

作者： Chiara Lonati Claudio Simeone Nazareno Suardi Philippe ESpiess Andrea Necchi Marco Moschini Urology Unit ASST Spedali Civili di BresciaDepartment of Medical and Surgical SpecialtiesRadiological Science and Public HealthUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly Department of Urology Luzerner KantonsspitalLucerneSwitzerland Department of genitourinary Oncology H.Lee Moffitt Cancer Center and Research InstituteTamplaFLUSA University Vita-Salute San Raffaele MilanItaly Department of Medical Oncology IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital and Scientific InstituteMilanItaly division of Experimental Oncology/Unit of Urology Urological Research InstituteIRCCS Ospedale San RaffaeleMilanItaly

Objective:Lynch syndrome(LS)is an autosomal dominant hereditary disorder resulting from germline mutation in at least one of the four mismatch repair genes or in EPCAM *** a clinical perspective,LS patients exhibit an increased predisposition to multiple primary malignancies and early age of onset compared to general *** aimed to provide a comprehensive overview of all the genitourinary manifestations of LS,focusing on incidence,diagnosis,clinical features,therapeutic strategies,and screening ***:Previous literature was assessed through Medline,Scopus,and Google Scholar data-bases.A narrative review of the most relevant articles from January 1996 to June 2021 on urological manifestations of LS was ***:In the LS tumor spectrum,upper tract urothelial carcinoma(UTUC)represents the third most frequent malignancy,and the first most common cancer in the urological field,with an approximately 14-fold increased risk of developing UTUC compared to general *** diagnosis among patients experiencing UTUC as first malignancy is a step-by-step process,including(i)clinical criteria,(ii)molecular testing,and(iii)genetic testing to confirm the hereditary *** current European Association of Urology(EAU)guidelines recommend to perform molecular testing among UTUC patients under 65 years old,or UTUC patients with personal history of LS-related tumor,or UTUC patients with one first-degree relative under the age of 50 years with LS-related tumor,or UTUC patients with two first-degree relatives with LS-related tumor regardless of age of *** diagnosed LS patients should be referred to a multidisci-plinary management,including gastroenterologists and ***,considering the increased risk of metachronous recurrence,treatments other than radical nephroureterectomy may be a valuable therapeutic *** urological malignancies other than UTUC should be included in the LS tumor spectrum is still cont

关键词： Hereditary disease Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer Lynch syndrome Mismatch repair Upper tract urothelial carcinoma